article · IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control · 2021

Opacity Enforcing Supervisory Control Using Nondeterministic Supervisors

Cited by 26Abstract and details only

Abstract

In this article, we investigate the enforcement of opacity via supervisory control in the context of discrete-event systems. A system is said to be opaque if the intruder, which is modeled as a passive observer, can never infer confidently that the system is at a secret state. The design objective is to synthesize a supervisor such that the closed-loop system is opaque even when the control policy is publicly known. In this article, we propose a new approach for enforcing opacity using nondeterministic supervisors. A nondeterministic supervisor is a decision mechanism that provides <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a set of control decisions</i> at each instant, and randomly picks a specific control decision from the decision set to actually control the plant. Compared with the standard deterministic control mechanism, such a nondeterministic control mechanism can enhance the plausible deniability of the controlled system as the online control decision is a random realization and cannot be implicitly inferred from the control policy. We provide a sound and complete algorithm for synthesizing a nondeterministic opacity-enforcing supervisor. Furthermore, we show that nondeterministic supervisors are strictly more powerful than deterministic supervisors in the sense that there may exist a nondeterministic opacity-enforcing supervisor even when deterministic supervisors cannot enforce opacity.

Cite this paper

APA 7

Xie, Y., Yin, X., & Li, S. (2021). Opacity Enforcing Supervisory Control Using Nondeterministic Supervisors. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 67(12), 6567–6582. https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3131125

MLA 9

Xie, Yifan, et al. “Opacity Enforcing Supervisory Control Using Nondeterministic Supervisors.” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 67, no. 12, 2021, pp. 6567–82, https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3131125.

Chicago

Xie, Yifan, Xiang Yin, and Shaoyuan Li. 2021. “Opacity Enforcing Supervisory Control Using Nondeterministic Supervisors.” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 67 (12): 6567–82. https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3131125.

Harvard

Xie, Y., Yin, X. and Li, S. (2021) ‘Opacity Enforcing Supervisory Control Using Nondeterministic Supervisors’, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 67(12), pp. 6567–6582. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/tac.2021.3131125.

BibTeX

@article{xie2021opacity,
  title = {{Opacity Enforcing Supervisory Control Using Nondeterministic Supervisors}},
  author = {Xie, Yifan and Yin, Xiang and Li, Shaoyuan},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control},
  volume = {67},
  number = {12},
  pages = {6567--6582},
  year = {2021},
  doi = {10.1109/tac.2021.3131125}
}

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