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article · Bulletin of Mathematical Biology · 2026

Counting Rankings of Tree-Child Networks

Qiang Zhang, Mike Steel

Cited by 0Open access

Abstract

Rooted phylogenetic networks allow biologists to represent evolutionary relationships between present-day species by revealing ancestral speciation and hybridization events. A convenient and well-studied class of such networks are 'tree-child networks' and a 'ranking' of such a network is a temporal ordering of the ancestral speciation and hybridization events. In this short note, we investigate the question of counting such rankings on any given binary (or semi-binary) tree-child network. We also investigate the relationship between rankable tree-child networks and the class of 'normal' networks. Finally, we provide an explicit asymptotic expression for the expected number of rankings of a tree-child network chosen uniformly at random.

Cite this paper

APA 7

Zhang, Q., & Steel, M. (2026). Counting Rankings of Tree-Child Networks. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 88(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-026-01606-6

MLA 9

Zhang, Qiang, and Mike Steel. “Counting Rankings of Tree-Child Networks.” Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, vol. 88, no. 3, 2026, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-026-01606-6.

Chicago

Zhang, Qiang, and Mike Steel. 2026. “Counting Rankings of Tree-Child Networks.” Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 88 (3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-026-01606-6.

Harvard

Zhang, Q. and Steel, M. (2026) ‘Counting Rankings of Tree-Child Networks’, Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 88(3). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-026-01606-6.

BibTeX
@article{zhang2026counting,
  title = {{Counting Rankings of Tree-Child Networks}},
  author = {Zhang, Qiang and Steel, Mike},
  journal = {Bulletin of Mathematical Biology},
  volume = {88},
  number = {3},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.1007/s11538-026-01606-6}
}

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