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About 10,000 papers for “Problem statement”
Gorin, E. · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2018
The interrelations providing effective social and economic development in the current period, and a role of rational industrial policy are considered. Regulatory mechanisms and ongoing transformation processes are discussed. An innovative susceptibility of the enterprises and the effect of technology transfer mechanisms are described.
Cited by 1Open access
С.И. Захарцев · ПРАВО И ГОСУДАРСТВО ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА · 2022
Cited by 0
Gorin, E. · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2018
The interrelations providing effective social and economic development in the current period, and a role of rational industrial policy are considered. Regulatory mechanisms and ongoing transformation processes are discussed. An innovative susceptibility of the enterprises and the effect of technology transfer mechanisms are described.
Cited by 1Open access
Peilin Yang, Ya Liu, Behçet Sarikaya · 2007
This document defines architectural considerations and problem statement for authenticating the user before entering into a multicast group using the multicast listener discover protocol version 2 (MLDv2). The issues regarding identifying multiple users, authenticating the channel, accounting, mobile multicast and security are identified.
Cited by 0
Yong Cui, Linhui Sun, Zeqi Lai · 2015
Internet storage services have become more and more popular. They attract a huge number of users and produce a significant share of Internet traffic. Most existing Internet storage services make use of proprietary sync protocols with different capabilities to achieve the data sync. However, a single Internet storage service using its proprietary sync protocols has intrinsic limitations on service usability and network performance. This document outlines the related problems caused by using proprietary sync protocols and missing key capabilities. It also shows a demand for designing a standard sync protocol to achieve better usability and sync performance.
Cited by 3
Er T. Ihler, Er T. Ihler · 2014
Improvements in sensing technology and wireless communications are rapidly increasing the importance of sensor networks as a signal processing application. The growing availability of tiny, inexpensive cameras, microphones, and other sensors has begun to make practical the creation of ubiquitous networks of sensors. These networks receive tremendous amounts of data, which must be fused to extract relevant information about the environment. In many collaborative sensing problems, strong assumptions and prior models on the joint distributions between signals are used to make the problem more tractable. However, there are a number of situations in which we lack prior knowledge of these distributions. When this is the case, we must find ways to determine the structure and relationships within the data. This may include modeling the dynamic structure of signals, determining which signals are co-dependent, and modeling their joint relationships. This thesis will focus on nonparametric representations, in particular kernel density estimates. Kernel methods can be used to model a wide variety of distributions; however, they often become computationally intractable for large problems. The goal of this thesis is to apply nonparametric
Cited by 0
Egor Vadimovich Akulov · Право и политика · 2026
The subject of the article comprises the theoretical and methodological foundations for studying the process of applying mathematical methods in law. Taking into account the modern trend towards interdisciplinarity characteristic of "post-nonclassical" science, as well as the active development of information technologies inherently linked to mathematics, the author raises the question of the possibility, necessity, and peculiarities of theoretical research on the application of mathematical methods in legal studies. The author pays attention to both general studies already conducted on the application of mathematical methods in law and works of a more specific nature, i.e., those related either to the application of individual mathematical methods in law or to the use of mathematics in specific legal areas. The author also addresses the application of mathematics in shaping the immediate content of legal prescriptions. Furthermore, the author emphasizes the essence, characteristics, and needs of law in order to determine the necessity of conducting such research. The methodology of the research is based on the dialectical general scientific method. Among the general scientific methods, special attention is given to synthesis and induction, as general theoretical conclusions are drawn from specific manifestations of the use of mathematical methods in law. Among specific scientific methods, the author primarily used the formal-legal method, which was applied for interpreting legal prescriptions. As a result of the research, the author arrives at the following conclusions. Considering the significant benefits of applying mathematical methodology to the legal sphere, as well as the particularities of law as a social phenomenon, the author concludes that there is both a possibility and necessity for the application of mathematics in the legal field, and thus a need for a scientific justification of such application. After examining specific cases of applying mathematical methods in law, the author concludes that the application of mathematics in law is not limited to individual mathematical methods or specific legal areas; therefore, it is impossible to be satisfied with only partial studies on this topic. This issue needs to be examined at a general theoretical level. Moreover, the author concludes that there are two potential directions for general theoretical research in the use of mathematics in law: general methodological and legal-technical. In conclusion, the author points out the necessity of distinguishing a separate comprehensive sphere of legal knowledge: the mathematics of law, and provides his own definition of it.
Cited by 0Open access
George Arthur Morrell, Professor George, W. Swett et al. · 1939
In accordance with requirements for graduation, I herewith submit a thesis entitled A Study of the Market for High-Fidelity Phono-graph Pick-ups. I want to express here my appreciation to Professor Ross M. Cunningham for his assist-ance as advisor, to Mr. Lewis P. Reitz, Jr. for his technical aid in preparing the test record and to those individuals who cooperated in giving interviews.
Cited by 0
G. Fairhurst · 2010
This document discusses current mobility extensions to IP-layer multicast. It describes problems arising from mobile group communication in general, the case of multicast listener mobility, and problems for mobile senders using Any Source Multicast and Source-Specific Multicast. Characteristic aspects of multicast routing and deployment issues for fixed IPv6 networks are summarized. Specific properties and interplays with the underlying network access are surveyed with respect to the relevant technologies in the wireless domain. It outlines the principal approaches to multicast mobility, together with a comprehensive exploration of the mobile multicast problem and solution space. This document concludes with a conceptual road map for initial steps in standardization for use by future mobile multicast protocol designers. This document is a product of the IP Mobility Optimizations (MobOpts) Research Group.
Cited by 0
Notie H. Lansford, Lonnie L. Jones · 2015
Efficient allocation of water requires knowledge of water’s value in both consumptive and nonconsumptive uses. This study estimates the marginal value of water in lake recreational and aesthetic (RA) use. An hedonic pr]ce equation (employing the 130x-COXfunctional form) indicates lake front location, distance to lake, and scenic view are significant RA characteristics of housing. Water front properties command a premium price for the private access they offer. Beyond the water front, the marginal RA price falls rapidly with increasing distance, becoming asymptotic to some minimum. Twenty-two percent of housing price is found to be attributable to the RA component.
Cited by 0
V. Lemaire, S. Menozzi, Xt X · 2010
Abstract. We obtain non asymptotic bounds for the Monte Carlo algorithm associated to the Euler discretization of some diffusion processes. The key tool is the Gaussian concentration satisfied by the density of the discretization scheme. This Gaussian concentration is derived from a Gaussian upper bound of the density of the scheme and a modification of the so-called “Herbst argument ” used to prove Logarithmic Sobolev inequalities. We eventually establish a Gaussian lower bound for the density of the scheme that emphasizes the concentration is sharp.
Cited by 0
Roman Melnichenko · Legal Concept · 2021
Introduction: based on the works in the field of legal technology, philology and linguistics, the paper demonstrates the social dichotomy in which, on the one hand, the importance of a special verbal form of presenting regulatory prescriptions is recognized, and on the other hand, the constant defamation, the marginalization of such a phenomenon as a “special speech of lawyers”. The task is to present the arguments to the thesis about the existence of a special legal language. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is a combination of the following methods of scientific knowledge: the hermeneutical method, the method of consistency and the method of analysis. Results: the author proposes to identify a special semiotic system – legal language. Conclusions: legal language is a special communication, thought-forming and segregation system of signs. The concepts of “legal language” and “state language” are synonymous. Each developed branch of law has its own legal dialect.
Cited by 2Open access
Continuum eBooks · 2010
Cited by 0
Yoshihiro Ohba · 2007
EAP pre-authentication is defined as the utilization of EAP to pre- establish EAP keying material on an authenticator prior to arrival of the peer at the access network managed by that authenticator. This draft discusses EAP pre-authentication problems in details.
Cited by 13
Fika J. Van Rensburg · 2016
1 Peter 1:18 states: “You know that you were ransomed... ” (NRSV). This article offers an interpretation of the ransom image in 1 Peter within the economic context of the author and addressees, taking into consideration the relevant structure of economics (the geography and demography of the areas identified in the address of 1 Peter) and relevant performance of economics (production, distribution and consumption) in the area where the addressees of 1 Peter lived. After the problem statement and methodological clarification (1), the economic-historic context of the addressees is constructed (2), and the epistolographic characteristics of 1 Peter is defined (3). Then the ransom-imagery in 1 Peter is analysed and the referents of this ransom-imagery determined (4). Finally the ransom metaphor in 1 Peter is interpreted within the economic-historic context of its addressees (5).
Cited by 0
Eranda Çela · Combinatorial optimization · 1998
Cited by 2
Charles Fan · 2005
NFS is one of the primary data access protocols for NAS, and naturally NFS users have been demanding a global namespace for NFS. This document intends to explain the rational for a global namespace, why it is an important feature for a network file system protocol, and the problems that a global namespace for files would solve.
Cited by 1
R.G. Wymer · OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · 1956
On a short-term basis the Chemical Development Fused Salt Processing program is essentially a straightforward, systematic investigation of the variables related to the hydrofluorination-dissolution of STR elements in a fluoride fused salt with the objective of establishing a process flowsheet. The significant variables were given in ORNL-56-1-67 and are temperature, type of fluoride melt, rate of HF addition, agitation (assuming that this is a different variable from rate of HF addition), and metallurgical condition of the fuel. Perhaps it is not presumptuous to add studies on nickel corrosion and efficiency of HF utilization to this list. These variables, with the exception of the type of fluoride melt, have already been investigated to the point where plant design should be possible (as a matter of fact, Argonne is proceeding on this presumption). It is unlikely that any significant changes would be made in that design on the basis of any work done in the near future. Consequently, a preliminary flowsheet will be drawn up on the basis of the existing information, and areas for possible further elaboration will be pinpointed.
Cited by 0Open access
Minor Prof Essor, Robert Eugene Haroney · 1961
Cited by 0
2013
In this thesis, we build a formal framework for modeling and analysis of hybrid systems based on the Hybrid Input/Output Automaton (HIOA) model of Lynch, Segala, and Vaandrager. To systematically describe the trajectories of HIOA, we add new structure to it. The result is the Structured Hybrid I/O Automaton (SHIOA) model—a specialization of HIOA that allows the description of its trajectories using differential and algebraic equations and inequalities, mode invariants, and stopping conditions. To model probabilistic discrete behavior in hybrid systems we introduce another related model, the Probabilistic Timed I/O Automaton (PTIOA). For each model, we define the notions of invariance, stability, and external or visible behavior of automata. For a pair of automata, we define what it means for one to be an abstraction of the other, and for both to be equivalent. We define composition of a pair of automata, and prove theorems that show that abstraction and equivalence, are preserved under composition. Based on the SHIOA model we present a formal specification language for non-probabilistic hybrid systems. This language is the basis for the development of a set of software tools that includes a language frontend for checking specifications and a theorem prover interface.
Cited by 0