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About 10,000 papers for “Problem statement”
Austin Che, Reader George Church · 2005
Natural intron-like self-splicing ribozymes have been re-engineered to trans-splice two arbitrary RNA pieces together. This capability has potential to be tremendously useful for the synthetic biologist. We propose analyzing the suitability of these ribozymes as a tool for engineering biology by adapting trans-splicing ribozymes for use in measuring, debugging, patching, and building biological circuits.
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Vassily Olegovich Manturov · 2009
The aim of the present paper is to study free knots, a dramatic simplification of the notion of virtual knots also connected to finite type invariants, curves on surfaces and other objects of low-dimensional topology. It turns out that the objects of such sort (a factorization of arbitrary graphs modulo three formal Reidemeister moves) can be studied by using some very much simpler objects: in the paper we construct an invariant valued in the set of equivalent classes of the same graphs modulo only the second Reidemeister move. By using this invariant, one can easily prove the non-triviality of some free knots; previously, the existence of non-trivial free knots was not evident. During the whole article by graph we mean a finite graph, possibly, having loops and/or multiple edges, not necessarily connected. Herewith, by a connected component of such graph we also admit (besides graphs in the usual sense) free loops without vertices. The number of connected components of a graph is thought to be finite. A 4-valent graph G (possibly, with free loops) is called framed if for every vertex V of G the four emanating half-edges are split into two pairs of (formally) opposite edges. Denote by G0 the one-component free loop. By a unicursal component of a framed graph we mean the equivalence class of its edges generated
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Wayne E. Larson, Wayne E Larson, Chas E et al. · 1975
Part of the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at
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2008
There is increasing research evidence that stressors in the social and physical environment (e.g., poverty, inadequate housing, air pollution, income inequalities, racism, lack of employ-
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Yoav Nir · 2009
This document describes a requirement from IKE and IPsec to allow for more scalable and available deployments for VPNs. It defines
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2016
Children experience stress in school where they need to earn good grades; a majority of them feel overwhelmed by tests and homework. Participants in this action research study are third grade students in two classrooms at two different schools. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of meditation on the students ’ behavior. Outcomes will be measured through the use of behavior management plans.
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2007
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2008
There are on-going activities in the networking community to develop solutions that aid in IP handover mechanisms between heterogeneous wired and wireless access systems including, but not limited to, IEEE 802.21. Intelligent access selection, taking into account link layer attributes, requires the delivery of a variety of different information types to the terminal from different sources within the network and vice-versa. The protocol requirements for this signalling have both transport and security issues that must be considered. The signalling must not be constrained to specific link types, so there is at least a common component to the signalling problem which is within the scope of the IETF. This draft presents a problem statement for this core problem.
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Grenzbedingungen Bei, G. David Forney · 1972
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Minkyu Kim · 2026
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R. Greeley · 2001
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Benjamin A. Oyegbile · 2016
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Methodius Tigor · 2020
Bagaimana Menyatakan Permasalahan Riset (Research Problem)? Langkah pertama dan paling penting dalam menyusun artikel ilmiah atau proposal tesis/disertasi adalah menyatakan permasalahan riset (research problem) yang valid. Sejatinya, semua penelitian dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi permasalahan atau peluang riset yang bernilai tinggi (meaningfull/ signifikan/valuable/useful) dimana kita ingin mendapatkan pengetahuan baru atau mencari solusi yang lebih baik. Sebenarnya permasalahan atau peluang untuk penelitian selalu ada di sekitar kita. Tinggal seberapa kita jeli atau peka untuk mengenalinya. Biasanya kita dapat menemukannya antara lain dari berbagai isu atau masalah di organisasi/institusi tempat anda bekerja, pengalaman pribadi, reviu literatur, atau ingin mereplikasi pekerjaan peneliti lain untuk mencari pemahaman yang lebih baik atau menjelaskan suatu fenomena. Banyak ahli yang mengatakan bahwa mengidentifikasi permasalahan riset (Research Problem=RS) merupakan bagian yang paling sulit dari sebuah penelitian. RS bisa dikatakan jantung dari penelitian anda. RS akan mengarahkan semua tahapan penelitian yang anda lakukan: tujuan penelitian, pertanyaan penelitian, hipotesis, reviu literatur, metodologi penelitian dan kesimpulan. Semua usaha kita ditujukan untuk menyelidiki dan menyelesaikan permasalahan yang kita ajukan. Membaca atau mereviu literatur pada bidang/topik riset anda sangat penting dan mendasari segala hal yang anda lakukan. Setiap bagian dari artikel/tesis/disertasi anda akan dipengaruhi dan didukung dari apa yang anda baca. Anda dapat mengidentifikasi RS dengan membaca literatur sesuai topik yang anda minati. RS juga dapat kita temukan dari saran penelitian sebelumnya yang dapat kita temui pada bagian “further research”. Dengan membaca literatur, kita juga akan mendapatkan pengetahuan yang diperlukan untuk menjelaskan latar belakang penelitian sekaligus meyakinkan pembaca akan pentingnya (signifikansi) dari research problem (RS) yang diusulkan. Salah satu tips untuk memastikan bahwa RS anda penting adalah lulus uji “Who cares”!! Ketika saya berdiskusi dengan beberapa peserta di sebuah pelatihan scientific writing, pada umumnya mereka bisa menjelaskan gambaran besar tentang apa yang ingin mereka lakukan. Namun ketika ditanya apa research problem (RS) yang menjadi fokus penelitian anda? Mereka kesulitan dalam menjelaskannya. Jadi kali ini saya akan membagikan tips bagaimana menyatakan permasalahan penelitian (RS), yang disebut dengan research problem statement. Biasanya RS tidak berdiri sendiri dalam sebuah artikel/tesis/disertasi, kita perlu menjelaskan terlebih dahulu apa yang menjadi latar belakang penelitian (background of problem). Kita juga perlu menyampaikan kepada pembaca mengapa penting untuk mengangkat RS tersebut, yang disebut significance of the problem. Yang perlu diingat, background dan significance bukan merupakan pendapat pribadi tetapi kita harus menambahkan referensi dari literatur terkait. Simak contoh berikut ini: Background:Many students enter college with weak math backgrounds (Bosley, 2009). In schools where general requirements include math classes, historically the failure rate for algebra I is approximately 15% (alderman, 2011).Narasi di atas sangat baik sebagai dasar dalam membangun latar belakang untuk permasalahan. Selanjutnya, ditindaklanjuti dengan menjelaskan mengapa menyelidiki masalah tersebut (signifikansi) serta memasukkan referensi ke literatur untuk mendukungnya.Problem Statement:African American students at ABC College fail entry-level Algebra I classes at rates higher (i.e., 22%) than the historical United Statesaverage of 15%.Significance:Failure of classes early in a student’s academic career not only extends their time in school for having to repeat a course, it is a major predictor of dropping out of college (schneider, 2006).Jika digabung maka akan menjadi Research Problem yang baik (Background/Problem/Significance):Many students enter college with weak math backgrounds (Bosley, 2009). In schools where general requirements include math classes, historically the failure rate for algebra I is approximately 15% (alderman, 2011). African american students at aBC College failentry-level algebra I classes at significantly higher rates (i.e., 22%). Failure of classes early in a student’s academic career not only extends their time in school for having to repeat a course, it is a major predictor of dropping out of college (schneider, 2006).
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Pamela A. Kasyan-Howe, Kristin Domville, Michael A. Pizzi · 2025
A clear and concise problem statement is necessary to show an in-depth understanding of your phenomena of interest. Students who take the time to fully understand the problem are better able to articulate the purpose of their selected project as well as develop meaningful objectives for their experience. This chapter walks students through the process of crafting a strong problem statement for their capstone project and experience. Students can make sure their work is well-founded by emphasizing precision and clarity. While frequently asked questions (FAQs) provide useful information, worksheets help structure and refine the problem statement and ensure students have the tools they need to succeed.
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2024
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Tim Roughgarden · 2014
Our final two lectures bring together multiple themes of the course to reason about a couple of new problem domains. In this lecture we discuss online network design. The next lecture covers online decision-making. We’ve discussed online algorithms before, in the context of paging algorithms (Lectures #2 and #4). While paging is a paradigmatic online problem, online algorithms are relevant in many other settings as well.
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Konstantin Usevich, Ivan Markovsky, Dept Elec · 2013
Let q(1)(x) = g(1)(x)h(x), q(2)(x) = g(2)(x)h(x). We observe p(1), p(2): p(1) = q(1) + ε(1), p(2) = q(2) + ε(2). Goal: recover the common divisor h and cofactors g(1) and g(2). But, gcd(p(1), p(2)) = 1 for almost all ε(1) and ε(2) ⇒ we need a notion of approximate (greatest) common divisor.
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Eva Reid · Peter Lang eBooks · 2016
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2015
This document provides an overview of the issues associated with the deployment of service functions (such as firewalls, load balancers, etc.) in large-scale environments. The term "service function chaining " is used to describe the definition and instantiation of an ordered list of instances of such service functions, and the subsequent "steering " of traffic flows through those service functions. The set of enabled service function chains reflects operator service offerings and is designed in conjunction with application delivery and service and network policy. This document also identifies several key areas that the Service Function Chaining (SFC) working group will investigate to guide its architectural and protocol work and associated documents. Status of This Memo This document is not an Internet Standards Track specification; it is published for informational purposes. This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the
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T. Parthasarathy · Lecture notes in mathematics · 1983
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