Andrew Haugen, Nathan Moore · arXiv (Cornell University) · 2014
The paper describes a curricular framework for introducing microcontroller programming in the University Physics lab. The approach makes use of Modeling Instruction, an effective approach for teaching science at the secondary level in which student learn the standard material by developing and deploying models of the physical world. In our approach, students engage with a context-rich problem that can be solved with one or more sensors and a microcontroller. The solution path we describe then consists of developing a mathematical model for how the sensors' data can be mapped to a meaningful measurement, and further, developing an algorithmic model that will be implemented in the microcontroller. Once the system is developed and implemented, students are given an array of similar problems in which they can deploy their data collection system. Results from the implementation of this idea, in two University Physics sections, using Arduino microcontrollers, are also described.
Cited by 7Open access
Mohd Tariq · American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems · 2013
Energy is one of the issues that is causing the most controversy as fossil fuels are the greatest pollutants and the greatest contributors to the greenhouse effect .The increasing importance of environmental concern, fuel savings and unavailability of power has led to the renewal of interest in renewable energies. It therefore stands to reason that developing countries whose energy consumption rate is increasing at a very fast rate should be investigating new energy systems based on renewable energies that do not pollute and which are inexhaustible such as the Solar system. In this paper a simple, reliable and effective solar panel charging system has been introduced consisting of a solar panel of desired size and shape. This solar panel is integrated with an embedded system ( which contains three modules i.e. dc to ac converter, microcontroller/compiler module and charging output and a battery system).This embedded system regulates the electricity produced (after being converted to ac from dc) between the storage battery and charging output with the help of microcontroller which is programmed to combat the situations in presence and in absence of input supply and able to supply stored energy at night or in unavailability of solar source.
Cited by 18Open access
Marek Babiuch, Pavel Smutný · Future Internet · 2026
Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong potential for automated code generation in software development, yet their effectiveness in embedded systems programming—requiring understanding of software logic and hardware constraints—has not been well studied. Existing evaluation frameworks do not comprehensively cover practical microcontroller development scenarios in real-world Internet of Things (IoT) projects. This study systematically evaluates 27 state-of-the-art LLMs across eight embedded systems scenarios of increasing complexity, from basic sensor reading to complete cloud database integration with visualization dashboards. Using ESP32 microcontrollers with environmental and motion sensors, we employed the Analytic Hierarchy Process with four weighted criteria: functional, instructions, output and creativity, evaluated independently by two expert reviewers. Top-performing models were Claude Sonnet 4.5, Claude Opus 4.1, and Gemini 2.5 Pro, with scores from 0.984 to 0.910. Performance degraded with complexity: 19–23 models generated compilable code for simple applications, but only 3–5 produced functional solutions for complex scenarios involving Grafana and cloud databases. The most frequent failure was hallucinated non-existent libraries or incorrect API usage, with functional capability as the primary barrier and instruction-following quality the key differentiator among competent models. These findings provide empirical guidance for embedded developers on LLM selection and identify limitations of zero-shot prompting for hardware-dependent IoT development.
Cited by 0Open access
Iosr Journals, Ashish Soni, Prof. Jagdish Nagar · Figshare · 2015
Cited by 0Open access
Sadrina, Sadrina, Yuliardi, Yuliardi · BIOTIK: Scientific Journal of Biology Technology and Education (Indonesian Institute of Sciences) · 2024
Based on preliminary observations, researchers discovered that the teacher is frequently at the heart of the learning process. Instructors don't actively involve pupils in the learning process and don't employ a variety of techniques. Expository or lecture methods are what teachers typically employ when delivering material. In contrast, pupils only pay attention to what the teacher says while making notes in their books. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the interactive cooperative learning paradigm at SMKS Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh affects the learning results in studying microprocessor and microcontroller programming techniques. This study takes a quantitative approach with an experimental methodology. There are 12 students in the study's sample. Pre-test and post-test methods were used to gather data. The study's findings show that the interactive cooperative learning model at SMKS Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh has an impact on the learning objectives of class XI students. An increase in the pre-test score from 70 to 80 in the post-test indicates this effect. The results of the hypothesis test indicate that the interactive cooperative learning model has an impact on the learning outcomes of class XI students at SMKS Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh in the topic of Microprocessor and Microcontroller Programming Techniques (p-value = 0.005 < 0.05), hence Ha is accepted. It is clear that interactive cooperative learning environments enhance students' learning results in vocational schools.
Cited by 0
Pavel Smutný, Marek Babiuch · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
Cited by 0Open access
Norbert Grotz · EDULEARN proceedings · 2021
Teaching microcontroller programming is well established in engineering education. The key to success is a lab setup with real microcontrollers, a breadboard to build simple devices and the conventional development tools for microcontrollers to enable a hands-on knowledge. In an online class, however, especially if it has to be set up on very short notice, this approach is not feasible and a different approach became inevitable. The chosen solution uses a standard web browser in a multifold way. First, it provides a simple microcontroller and breadboard simulation as a webpage. Second, it offers a basic development environment (IDE) on the same webpage, Third, it utilizes the browsers integrated debugger and its other development tools. This setting emulates the whole lab setup and makes it useable for all students online at the same time. Video transmission of a hardware microcontroller setup identical to the emulation and screen sharing of the standard development tools during the lectures complements the online course. The setup was successfully tested in multiple microcontroller courses. The microcontroller web emulation, the lab setup and the integration of both into the lecture is presented in this paper.Learning how to use microcontrollers in industry setups requires not only the programming of the microcontroller but also interfacing the microcontroller hardware with inputs, outputs. The usual way to teach this is to provide the students with a hard- and software setup of a microcontroller, an extension board with some sensors and actors connected to the microcontrollers in- and outputs and a personal computer with software tools and connectors installed to write and transmit the program for the microcontroller. This computer usually hosts an additional tool to be able to debug the code running on the microcontroller. This setup is hosted several times in a laboratory at the university and the students can access it in groups. Due to the students not being able to access the labs during the pandemic, a different setup was needed. The solution was to move the real world lab setup to an emulation in the browser.All up-to-date web browsers include a programming language interpreter (interpreting JavaScript) and sophisticated development tools. The implemented design of a microcontroller web emulation utilizes especially the browsers debugger and its network communication monitor.The user interface of the laboratory emulation is a webpage. It shows the task description, the code editor (including file management) and the microcontroller plus hardware emulation. The user can code, run and debug the microcontroller-programming task online, without any local installation required. Using the browser’s communication capabilities even IoT (internet of things) scenarios are implemented.As the emulation is a digital twin of an existing real-world microcontroller circuit, the physical version is used via video and screen sharing in lectures and code is frequently transferred from the emulation to the real implementation and vice versa and requires only minor changes.
Cited by 0
Fredrick M. Cady · Medical Entomology and Zoology · 2007
Software and Hardware Engineering is designed for courses in the architectiure and design o microprocessors, using Freescales's (formerly Motorola) star processor, the M68HC(S)12, as its core example. This text can be used for the microcontrollers/microprocessors/microcomputers course, taught in Electrical and Computer engineering departments, usually dovetailing with the computer architecture course. Students taking this course will have already taken a programming course and introductory logic design. In this second edition, more of the core principles of microcontroller theory beyond the specifics of HC12 implementation, are integrated into the text. the new edition is updates to cover changes in the technology, and to incorporate Metro Werks Code Warrior Integrated Development Environment, a development tool from Freescale.
Cited by 13
Ms-Ece Hilario A. Calinao · 2021
This study aimed to develop system that can be used by the student on building a microcontroller unit based project utilizing the PIC16F877A microcontroller and for students having Microprocessor System subject. The study utilized the combination of textual programming and visual programming technique. The AGCPIC system is composed of software and hardware. The software is used to create schematic diagram and flowchart. The software generates source code that is equivalent to the configuration and system flowchart created by the user.
Cited by 0
Rehberger, Ivo · DSpace VŠB-TUO (VŠB-TUO) · 1998
Cited by 0
Iosr Journals, Ashish Soni, Prof. Jagdish Nagar · Figshare · 2015
Cited by 0Open access
Sadrina, Sadrina, Yuliardi, Yuliardi · BIOTIK: Scientific Journal of Biology Technology and Education (Indonesian Institute of Sciences) · 2024
Based on preliminary observations, researchers discovered that the teacher is frequently at the heart of the learning process. Instructors don't actively involve pupils in the learning process and don't employ a variety of techniques. Expository or lecture methods are what teachers typically employ when delivering material. In contrast, pupils only pay attention to what the teacher says while making notes in their books. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the interactive cooperative learning paradigm at SMKS Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh affects the learning results in studying microprocessor and microcontroller programming techniques. This study takes a quantitative approach with an experimental methodology. There are 12 students in the study's sample. Pre-test and post-test methods were used to gather data. The study's findings show that the interactive cooperative learning model at SMKS Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh has an impact on the learning objectives of class XI students. An increase in the pre-test score from 70 to 80 in the post-test indicates this effect. The results of the hypothesis test indicate that the interactive cooperative learning model has an impact on the learning outcomes of class XI students at SMKS Muhammadiyah Banda Aceh in the topic of Microprocessor and Microcontroller Programming Techniques (p-value = 0.005 < 0.05), hence Ha is accepted. It is clear that interactive cooperative learning environments enhance students' learning results in vocational schools.
Cited by 0
Pavel Smutný, Marek Babiuch · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2026
Cited by 0Open access
Putu, Sudira · ePrints - UNY (Yogyakarta State University)
The main objective of this study was to describe the microcontroller programming competencies, describe and implemented strategies master in microcontroller programming competencies and assesment for teachers SMK electronics study program according to vocational \n education development principles. This activities used discussion methode, demonstration, problem solving, project work related microcontroller programming and interfacing. There are 14 sub competencies must be training in microcontroller programming and interfacing implemented with discussion dan practice approach. \n Teacher must be master in programming problem identification, problem define, programming algorithm, flowchart, used instruction set, writing program, running assembler, download program to microcontroller, and test the program. \n Keyword : competencie, microcontroller, vocational education
Cited by 0
Hanwen Gong, Hu He, Bin Gao et al. · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · 2023
Embedded non-volatile memory (NVM) plays a significant role in modern information systems. Larger embedded NVM could empower a microcontroller unit (MCU) to run more advanced applications. Compared to conventional embedded NVM, e.g., Flash, Resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) has shown many advantages in speed, power, and cell size. However, heterogeneous integration of ReRAM with logic circuits still faces two key challenges: 1) integrating high-accuracy logic circuits and large-scale ReRAM with reasonable reliability and access speed; 2) achieving multiple bits per cell with acceptable circuit overhead. In this brief, we present a fully integrated 32-bit MCU monolithically integrated with 1Mb programming configurable ReRAM subsystem. Measured results show that the chip achieves >95% read accuracy and a 1.3% mean error for all targets in 3-bit mode. The CMOS circuits are fabricated on a 110nm CMOS process.
Cited by 3
Manos Garefalakis, Spyros Panagiotakis · 2023
In this paper, there will be presented the design and implementation of the Remote Laboratory (RL) of the Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU). It will be also presented the hardware which is used and the software running on the RL. Additionally, the paper will present the technologies of the RL used for interconnection with learning platforms and learning analytics, according to the IEEE 1876-2019 standard. The IEEE 1876-2019 standard provides the framework for the design and implementation of RL with learning systems, but not how they can be used in a pedagogical way. So, in this presentation we will address the research question of how the RL can be used in a course of an LMS, which to the best of our knowledge is not presented in other relevant works.
Cited by 4Open access
Lincoln, David · 2006
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Plauska, Ignas,, Liutkevičius, Agnius,, Janavičiūtė, Audronė, · KTUePubl (Repository of Kaunas University of Technology) · 2023
The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications requires high computational efficiency, low-cost, and low-power solutions for various IoT devices. These include a wide range of microcontrollers that are used to collect, process, and transmit IoT data. ESP32 is a microcontroller with built-in wireless connectivity, suitable for various IoT applications. The ESP32 chip is gaining more popularity, both in academia and in the developer community, supported by a number of software libraries and programming languages. While low- and middle-level languages, such as C/C++ and Rust, are believed to be the most efficient, TinyGo and MicroPython are more developer-friendly low-complexity languages, suitable for beginners and allowing more rapid coding. This paper evaluates the efficiency of the available ESP32 programming languages, namely C/C++, MicroPython, Rust, and TinyGo, by comparing their execution performance. Several popular data and signal processing algorithms were implemented in these languages, and their execution times were compared: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA), Infinite Impulse Response (IIR), and Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters. The results show that the C/C++ implementations were fastest in most cases, closely followed by TinyGo and Rust, while MicroPython programs were many times slower than implementations in other programming languages. Therefore, the C/C++, TinyGo, and Rust languages are more suitable when execution and response time are the key factors, while Python can be used for less strict system requirements, enabling a faster and less complicated development process.
Cited by 0Open access
Angel Dianne Abraham · SSRN Electronic Journal · 2026
Cited by 0Open access
Summerville, Douglas · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2009
The vast majority of computers in use today are encapsulated within other systems. In contrast to general-purpose computers that run an endless selection of software, these embedded computers are often programmed for a very specific, low-level and often mundane purpose. Low-end microcontrollers, costing as little as one dollar, are often employed by engineers in designs that utilize only a small fraction of the processing capability of the device because it is either more cost-effective than selecting an application-specific part or because programmability offers custom functionality not other
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