O'Brien, Jennifer L., Raymond, Jane E. · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) · 2012
When humans learn that the presence of a cue predicts the likelihood of an outcome, they can exploit this learned predictiveness, such that formation of subsequent associations between that cue and new outcomes is facilitated. Could such enhanced selection for association arise early enough to facilitate low-level visual processing? In a test of this possibility, adult volunteers first engaged in a value-learning task involving faces that were differentially predictive of monetary wins or losses. Later, in a simple recognition task, these faces were briefly presented for a variable duration and then masked. The critical presentation duration needed to produce criterion-level recognition was measured to index the visual processing speed for each learned face. Critical duration was significantly shorter for stimuli with high learned predictiveness than for stimuli with low learned predictiveness, regardless of whether they were associated with wins or losses. These results show that neural mechanisms involved in predicting future outcomes are able to modulate visual processing efficiency, probably via cortical feedback processes.
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Rashmi Gupta, Jane E. Raymond · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · 2012
Cited by 18Open access
Dieter Sontheimer · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · 1989
The author examined the construct validity of visual information processing in infancy (preference for novel visual targets) as a predictor of later neurological outcome. 104 infants with definite (N = 25), questionable (N = 27) or no evidence of neurological dysfunction (N = 52) were tested at three to seven months (corrected age). The mean novelty preference scores differed significantly between the three groups. These differences were not related to demographic data and still existed when the data were corrected for preterm birth and birthweight. These results support the hypothesis that visual information processing at three to seven months (corrected age) is a reflection of neurological intactness and may be useful in the clinical assessment of cortical function in infants.
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Jihyun Suh, Richard A. Abrams · Attention Perception & Psychophysics · 2018
Cited by 7Open access
Peter Werkhoven, H. P. Snippe, Alexander Toet · Vision Research · 1992
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Michèle Montreuil, Róbert Roland, J. Jouvent et al. · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · 1991
A novel clinical and experimental situation has been created, based on the psychopathological concepts of 'pensée opératoire' and alexithymia and the contribution of recent trends in cognitive science as to the dual skills of the brain hemispheres: the Parallel Visual Information Processing Test. This test was validated in more than 100 subjects, and revealed that holistic visual attention is reduced during logical task performance; this impairment appeared to be typical of patients with poor fantasizing ability and operative behavior. Such findings are consistent with some authors' theory according to which there is a functional commissurotomy in alexithymic and psychosomatic patients.
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Jason J.S. Barton · Handbook of clinical neurology · 2011
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Rong-Ding He, Rong-Qiao He · Science Bulletin · 2016
Cited by 1Open access
Chris Robinson · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · 2020
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Sylvie Chokron, Carole Peyrin, Céline Perez · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) · 2017
International audience
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DigiNole (Florida State University) · 1972
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 33-07, Section: B, page: 3359.
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Pottier, Annick, Soubercaze, Jean-Jacques, Perrot, Claude et al. · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · 1993
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2003
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Judy Quinn · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · 1984
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Tai Sing Lee · Figshare · 2008
Cited by 21Open access
SpringerReference · 2012
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Benjamin S. Lankow, W. Martin Usrey · 2011
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Andejani, Noor · King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) · 2023
Sensory overload is the feeling of over-stimulation that may lead to increased anxiety and panic in individuals with psychiatric disorders such as autism, post traumatic stress disorder, etc. Understanding visual processing is crucial to enhancing our treatments for disorders where sensory overload is a symptom. How do changes in internal states such as stress or hunger alter visual processing? This project aims to explore how visual processing is affected by signaling in the hypothalamus, an area of the brain regulating changes in internal states and stress. Preliminary studies revealed there are a number of neurons projecting from the lateral area of the hypothalamus to the visual cortex. We want to understand the specific location, identity, and neural circuits of these neurons. Visual cortex neurons were retrogradely traced to identify which inputs originate from the hypothalamus, and the geographical location of these cells was mapped out. The molecular identities of these projection neurons was further explored using specific RNAScope probes to check if those cells are expressing any of four genes most commonly expressed in the hypothalamus: Gal, Crh, Hcrt, and Pmch. This exploration will help us understand the type of signals communicated from the hypothalamic nuclei to the visual cortex to modulate visual processing.
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Haim Sompolinsky, David Golomb, David Kleinfeld · Physical Review A · 1991
An oscillator neural network model that is capable of processing local and global attributes of sensory input is proposed and analyzed. Local features in the input are encoded in the average firing rate of the neurons while the relationships between these features can modulate the temporal structure of the neuronal output. Neurons that share the same receptive field interact via relatively strong feedback connections, while neurons with different fields interact via specific, relatively weak connections. The model is studied in the context of processing visual stimuli that are coded for orientation. The effect of axonal propagation delays on synchronization of oscillatory activity is analyzed. We compare our theoretical results with recent experimental evidence on coherent oscillatory activity in the cat visual cortex. The computational capabilities of the model for performing discrimination and segmentation tasks are demonstrated. Coding and linking of visual features other than orientation are discussed.
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S. R. Shaw · Journal of Experimental Biology · 1984
ABSTRACT The present account reviews some of the progress made recently towards understanding better the processing of visual information in the peripheral visual system of insects. To limit the scope, it concentrates mainly upon the group that has been the subject of the most intensive recent work, and that is better understood from most aspects: the Diptera, or true flies. The region discussed is the retina proper and first synaptic neuropile, the lamina, and thus encompasses visual processing up to the level of third-order visual neurones. A number of reviews give either wider or fuller accounts of the same area: those of Laughlin (1980) and Järvilehto (1984) are particularly wide-ranging, Shaw (1981) discusses the neural connections in detail, whilst Meinertzhagen & Frohlich (1983) and Meinertzhagen (1984) provide introductions to aspects of neural development. A recent NATO conference volume features this area (Ali, 1984).
Cited by 162Open access