Skip to content
Free planNo credit card requiredStart writing
AI for Research home
AI for Research home
Dashboard
Sign inGet started

Search 250 million research papers

Read the abstract, see who wrote it and who cites it, and get the citation in APA, MLA, Chicago or Harvard.

About 2,768 papers for “Transcoding”

Architecture and Pragmatics of Server-Directed Transcoding

Bjorn Knutsson, Honghui Lu, Jeffrey Mogul · 2002

Proxy-based transcoding adapts Web content to be a better match for client capabilities (such as screen size and color depth) and last-hop bandwidths. Traditional transcoding breaks the end-to-end model of the Web, because the proxy does not know the semantics of the content. Server-directed transcoding preserves end-to-end semantics while supporting aggressive content transformations.

Cited by 0

Apple Compressor PAL-NTSC HD transcoding demo

Wolfgang Winne · Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)

Apple compressor can transcode 50i to 60i perfectly. This is a small excerpt taken from http://www.fxsupport.de/15.html to show the results in HD. Original 50i file is at: http://www.archive.org/download/hdv_a1_fx7/A1_03.mpg

Cited by 0

Web Page Transcoding Based on Eye Tracking

Web Ergonomics Laboratory, #, Akpinar, Elgin, Yesilada, Yeliz · Figshare · 2014

As web technologies evolve and enable designers to create more visually interactive and consequently complex web pages, unfortunately, accessing these pages in alternative forms such as by using screen read- ers or mobile devices, is still a major problem. In the context of eMINE project, an algorithm to visually identify visual elements and their roles in the web pages, and eMINE Scanpath Analysis Algorithm to generate a common scanpath for visual elements by using eye tracking data were proposed. In this technical report, a number of transcoding techniques and their architectures are discussed. These techniques aim to combine the visual element identification with eMINE Scanpath Analysis Algorithm.

Cited by 0Open access

Streaming media caching algorithms for transcoding proxies

Xueyan Tang, Fan Zhang, Samuel T. Chanson · 2003

Streaming media is expected to become one of the most popular types of Web content in the future. Due to increasing variety of client devices and the range of access speeds to the Internet, multimedia contents may be required to be transcoded to match the client's capability. With transcoding, both the network and the proxy CPU are potential bottlenecks for streaming media delivery. This paper discusses and compares various caching algorithms designed for transcoding proxies. In particular we propose a new adaptive algorithm that dynamically selects an appropriate metric for adjusting the management policy. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms those that cache only untranscoded or only transcoded objects. Moreover motivated by the characteristics of many video compression algorithms, we investigate partitioning a video object into sections based on frame type and handling them individually for proxy caching. It is found that partitioning improves performance when CPU power rather than network bandwidth is the limiting resource, particularly when the reference pattern is not highly skewed.

Cited by 44

Transcoding Kant: Kracauer’s Weimar Marxism and After

Mike Wayne · Historical Materialism · 2013

Abstract Kracauer’s rehabilitation in the 1990s sidelined his Marxist framework of the middle-to-late Weimar era in favour of the then still dominant if decaying paradigms of poststructuralism and postmodernism. It was also silent on the relationship between Kant and Marxism in Kracauer’s work. This essay addresses these weaknesses by arguing that Kracauer transcoded the structure of Kant’s ‘problematic’ around reification into a Marxist framework in the middle-to-late Weimar period. The essay considers how Kracauer conceived the mass ornament (photography and film especially) as a site of reification and critical pedagogy. It explores his strategies of de-reification and their overlap with Walter Benjamin and the ruptures and continuities between the radical Weimar work and his later Theory of Film . The essay argues that the Theory of Film can be better understood as a transcoding of Kant’s philosophy of the aesthetic in the third Critique into the film camera itself, although the Marxian framework of the Weimar period is now considerably attenuated.

Cited by 2

Video transcoding architectures and techniques: an overview

Anthony Vetro, C. Christopoulos, Huifang Sun · IEEE Signal Processing Magazine · 2003

Throughout this article, we concentrate on the transcoding of block-based video coding schemes that use hybrid discrete cosine transform (DCT) and motion compensation (MC). In such schemes, the frames of the video sequence are divided into macroblocks (MBs), where each MB typically consists of a luminance block (e.g., of size 16 × 16, or alternatively, four 8 × 8 blocks) along with corresponding chrominance blocks (e.g., 8 × 8 Cb and 8 × 8 Cr). This article emphasizes the processing that is done on the luminance components of the video. In general, the chrominance components can be handled similarly and will not be discussed in this article. We first provide an overview of the techniques used for bit-rate reduction and the corresponding architectures that have been proposed. Then, we describe the advances regarding spatial and temporal resolution reduction techniques and architectures. Additionally, an overview of error resilient transcoding is also provided, as well as a discussion of scalable coding techniques and how they relate to video transcoding. Finally, the article ends with concluding remarks, including pointers to other works on video transcoding that have not been covered in this article, as well as some future directions.

Cited by 676

Fast video transcoding and graphics hardware acceleration

Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) · 2006

Fast video transcoding and graphics hardware acceleration by Ho Chi-Wang thesis 2006 xii, 123 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm Video transcoding is one of the key technologies in modern multimedia systems to enable effective access for a wide diversity…Read more ›

Cited by 0

Efficient HEVC-based video adaptation using transcoding

Pham Van, Luong · Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) · 2017

In a video transmission system, it is important to take into account the great diversity of the network/end-user constraints. On the one hand, video content is typically streamed over a network that is characterized by different bandwidth capacities. In many cases, the bandwidth is insufficient to transfer the video at its original quality. On the other hand, a single video is often played by multiple devices like PCs, laptops, and cell phones. Obviously, a single video would not satisfy their different constraints. \nThese diversities of the network and devices capacity lead to the need for video adaptation techniques, e.g., a reduction of the bit rate or spatial resolution. Video transcoding, which modifies a property of the video without the change of the coding format, has been well-known as an efficient adaptation solution. However, this approach comes along with a high computational complexity, resulting in huge energy consumption in the network and possibly network latency.\nThis presentation provides several optimization strategies for the transcoding process of HEVC (the latest High Efficiency Video Coding standard) video streams. First, the computational complexity of a bit rate transcoder (transrater) is reduced. We proposed several techniques to speed-up the encoder of a transrater, notably a machine-learning-based approach and a novel coding-mode evaluation strategy have been proposed. Moreover, the motion estimation process of the encoder has been optimized with the use of decision theory and the proposed fast search patterns. Second, the issues and challenges of a spatial transcoder have been solved by using machine-learning algorithms. Thanks to their great performance, the proposed techniques are expected to significantly help HEVC gain popularity in a wide range of modern multimedia applications.

Cited by 0Open access

The implementation of an audiovisual transcoding system

Hiroyuki Kasai, Mike Nilsson · 2001

Multimedia transcoding technology can provide interoperability between different types of audiovisual terminals and between terminals that connect to different networks. This paper describes a flexible multimedia transcoder that enables service interoperability between different types of terminals across heterogeneous networks.

Cited by 3

Multimedia Transcoding in Mobile and Wireless Networks

Shiguo Lian · IGI Global eBooks · 2011

Secure multimedia transcoding is a challenge that operates the encrypted multimedia content directly. For example, the encrypted multimedia data’s bit rate is changed directly in order to adapt a narrow channel. However, since it avoids the triple operations decryption-transcoding-re-encryption, it is suitable for the application scenarios requiring low cost operations, such as wireless or mobile multimedia communication. In this chapter, the secure transcoding scheme for scalable video coding is proposed and analyzed, together with the introduction to scalable video coding and multimedia encryption, the overview of existing secure transcoding schemes, and some open issues in this field. The chapter is expected to provide researchers or engineers valuable information on secure multimedia transcoding and communication. Request access from your librarian to read this chapter's full text.

Cited by 1

LwTE: Light-Weight Transcoding at the Edge

Alireza Erfanian, Hadi Amirpour, Farzad Tashtarian et al. · IEEE Access · 2021

Due to the growing demand for video streaming services, providers have to deal with increasing resource requirements for increasingly heterogeneous environments. To mitigate this problem, many works have been proposed which aim to ( i) improve cloud/edge caching efficiency, (ii) use computation power available in the cloud/edge for on-the-fly transcoding, and (iii) optimize the trade-off among various cost parameters, e.g., storage, computation, and bandwidth. In this paper, we propose LwTE, a novel Light- weight Transcoding approach at the Edge, in the context of HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS). During the encoding process of a video segment at the origin side, computationally intense search processes are going on. The main idea of LwTE is to store the optimal results of these search processes as metadata for each video bitrate and reuse them at the edge servers to reduce the required time and computational resources for on-the-fly transcoding. LwTE enables us to store only the highest bitrate plus corresponding metadata (of very small size) for unpopular video segments/bitrates. In this way, in addition to the significant reduction in bandwidth and storage consumption, the required time for on-the-fly transcoding of a requested segment is remarkably decreased by utilizing its corresponding metadata; unnecessary search processes are avoided. Popular video segments/bitrates are being stored. We investigate our approach for Video-on-Demand (VoD) streaming services by optimizing storage and computation (transcoding) costs at the edge servers and then compare it to conventional methods (store all bitrates, partial transcoding). The results indicate that our approach reduces the transcoding time by at least 80% and decreases the aforementioned costs by 12% to 70% compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.

Cited by 23Open access

Secure Scalable Video Transcoding Over Wireless Network

Marwa Elsharkawy, Abdellatif Elkouny, Imane Aly et al. · 2007

Transmission of secured video stream, from a centralized server to different clients, is performed via a middle-ware named transcoder server. The role of this transcoder is to adapt the contents of a video stream. The adaptation performed in order to fit the client capabilities and to satisfy the channel restriction bandwidth This process should be performed while preserving the stream security. Selective encryption techniques provide content protection. Just a minor part of the data containing the relevant features is encrypted. Using the selective encryption techniques save computational overheads while still achieving adequate security. In this paper, we present a new model for three tier transcoding architecture. The outcome of that model is to minimize the overhead processing of the transcoding operations while upholding the security aspect of the stream.

Cited by 2

CrowdTranscoding: Online Video Transcoding With Massive Viewers

Qiyun He, Cong Zhang, Jiangchuan Liu · IEEE Transactions on Multimedia · 2017

Driven by the advances in personal computing devices and the prevalence of high-speed network accesses, crowdsourced livecast platforms have emerged in recent years, through which numerous broadcasters lively stream their video content to fellow viewers. Compared to professional video producers and broadcasters, these new generation broadcasters are highly heterogeneous in terms of the network/system configurations and, therefore, the generated video quality, which calls for massive encoding and transcoding in order to unify the video sources and serve multiple quality versions to viewers with different configurations. On the other hand, with the rapid evolution in the hardware industry, high-performance processors become mainstream in personal computer market. More end devices can easily transcode high-quality videos in realtime. We witness huge computational resource among the massive fellow viewers that could potentially be used for transcoding. In this paper, we propose CrowdTranscoding, a novel framework for crowdsourced livecast systems that offloads the transcoding assignment to the massive viewers. We identify that the key challenges in CrowdTranscoding are to detect qualified stable viewers and to properly assign them to the source channels. We put forward a viewer crowdsourcing transcode scheduler to smartly schedule the workload assignment. Our solution has been evaluated under diverse viewer/channel conditions as well as different parameter settings. The trace-driven simulation confirms the superiority of CrowdTranscoder, while our PlanetLab-based and real world end-viewer experiments show the practical performance of our approach, which also give hint to the further enhancement.

Cited by 25

Performance Analysis of PCM/ADPCM Transcoding Systems

Jin-Ick Lee, C.K. Un · IEEE Transactions on Communications · 1985

In this paper, the performances of PCM/ADPCM transcoding systems are analyzed. The coders studied are the 64 kbit/s PCM with μ-255 companding law and the 32 kbit/s ADPCM proposed by Cummiskey et al. The theoretically predicted performance agrees closely with the results of computer simulation for a wide range of input signal level. According to the results, the performance degradation resulting from the code conversion process appears to be minimal for the single tandem case. However, for the case of multiple tandem code conversions, the performance becomes significantly degraded as the number of tandem coders increases. The overall performance of the transcoding system depends largely on the performance of the coder that is inferior to the other coder being cascaded.

Cited by 3

Efficient HEVC-based video adaptation using transcoding

Luong Pham Van · 2017

In a video transmission system, it is important to take into account the great diversity of the network/end-user constraints. On the one hand, video content is typically streamed over a network that is characterized by different bandwidth capacities. In many cases, the bandwidth is insufficient to transfer the video at its original quality. On the other hand, a single video is often played by multiple devices like PCs, laptops, and cell phones. Obviously, a single video would not satisfy their different constraints. These diversities of the network and devices capacity lead to the need for video adaptation techniques, e.g., a reduction of the bit rate or spatial resolution. Video transcoding, which modifies a property of the video without the change of the coding format, has been well-known as an efficient adaptation solution. However, this approach comes along with a high computational complexity, resulting in huge energy consumption in the network and possibly network latency. This presentation provides several optimization strategies for the transcoding process of HEVC (the latest High Efficiency Video Coding standard) video streams. First, the computational complexity of a bit rate transcoder (transrater) is reduced. We proposed several techniques to speed-up the encoder of a transrater, notably a machine-learning-based approach and a novel coding-mode evaluation strategy have been proposed. Moreover, the motion estimation process of the encoder has been optimized with the use of decision theory and the proposed fast search patterns. Second, the issues and challenges of a spatial transcoder have been solved by using machine-learning algorithms. Thanks to their great performance, the proposed techniques are expected to significantly help HEVC gain popularity in a wide range of modern multimedia applications.

Cited by 0