G. Sadowy, Neil F. Chamberlain, Mark Zawadzki et al. · NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA) · 2011
The Uninhabited Airborne Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) is a pod-based, L-band (1.26 GHz), repeatpass, interferometric, synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) used for Earth science applications. Repeat-pass interferometric radar measurements from an airborne platform require an antenna that can be steered to maintain the same angle with respect to the flight track over a wide range of aircraft yaw angles. In order to be able to collect repeat-pass InSAR data over a wide range of wind conditions, UAVSAR employs an active electronically scanned array (AESA). During data collection, the UAVSAR flight software continuously reads the aircraft attitude state measured by the Embedded GPS/INS system (EGI) and electronically steers the beam so that it remains perpendicular to the flight track throughout the data collection
Cited by 0
L.K. Lam, W. Gregorwich, Steven Horn · 2002
An S-band electronically scanned active phased array antenna, with a figure of merit of 10 dB/K, is designed to receive telemetry within the frequency band from 2.2-2.4 GHz. It provides 24 simultaneous beams and covers a scan volume of /spl plusmn/60/spl deg/ in azimuth and /spl plusmn/40/spl deg/ in elevation. Sixteen of the beams are used for receiving telemetry and the other 8 for direction finding. This paper describes a couple of the key design features of the antenna system. The first feature is a highly integrated active subarray, which is implemented based on multi-layer printed circuit board and surface mount technology. The second key feature is a distributed beamforming architecture, comprising 128 integrated subarrays, 24 panel beamformer modules and 24 adaptive true time delay beamformers. This architecture is designed with an objective to reduce the hardware count by more than 50%. Hence the total cost of manufacturing, testing and calibration is significantly reduced. To facilitate telemetry acquisition and tracking, the antenna system also features a high performance direction finding system, which is implemented based on 8 correlative receivers working in parallel. Test results on the integrated subarray and correlative receiver are presented.
Cited by 5
Stanislav S. Sidorenko, Valeriy V. Demshevsky, Grigory S. Anikin et al. · 2026
Cited by 0
Xiang‐Qian Zhang, Caiyong Hao, Shunsheng Zhang et al. · 2017
In this paper, a new feature characterization algorithm based on mutative trend of the received signal amplitude is proposed for recognition of Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar. In this method, the intercepted model of the reconnaissance receiver is established. With the model of the reconnaissance receiver, signal amplitude is mainly decided by antenna patterns and scanning modes of the different radar system, which consist of mechanical scanning radar, one-dimensional phase sweeping radar and Active Electronically Scanned Array radar. According to the mentioned theories, We design the time window near the extracted peak, extract the amplitude variation feature within the time window, and finally accomplish the identification of AESA radar through the obtained feature. In addition, the following simulation results fully demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method under the parameter variation.
Cited by 9
S.P. Kobeleva, MISIS", A.V. Perevezentsev et al. · Electronic engineering Series 2 Semiconductor devices · 2017
. . 1
Cited by 1Open access
Yongkang Liu, Chu-Yu Chen, Cheng-Yu Tsai et al. · 2024
The Radar Cross Section (RCS) of quadcopters is relatively low, making it challenging for both civilian and military radars to detect their presence. This study investigates the feasibility and performance of Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) Radar in detecting the RCS of specific small drones. By analyzing the radar cross-sectional values, along with the latitude and longitude of the aircraft at one-second intervals, this research aims to understand the drones’ movement characteristics and the correlation between RCS variations and their flight postures. The ultimate goal is to advance Taiwan’s remote sensing capabilities and improve early detection and tracking of small drones, thereby enhancing both civilian and military situational awareness and response strategies.
Cited by 0
Inho Park · The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology · 2024
AESA(Active Electrically Scanned Array) 안테나의 구성품인 TRB에서는 송신할 때에는 HPA, DRA 수신할 때에는 LNA를 제어하여 RF 신호를 증폭한다. 그리고 MFC(Multi Functional Chip)를 통해 RF 신호의 위상 및 세기를 제어하여 빔 조향을 한다. 그 중 MFC에는 phase shifter 및 attenuator가 있어 원하는 곳에 빔조향을 하기 위해서는 두 부분을 알맞게 제어해야 한다. Attenuator의 입력값은 계산이 아닌 근접전계 측정으로 정해지며, Phase shifter의 입력값은 채널의 위치와 phase gradient 값의 곱을 통해 정해진다. 기존 phase shifter 입력값 계산 방식은 하드웨어 복잡도와 레이턴시가 높은 단점이 있었다. AESA 안테나에서 사용하는 6-bit MFC를 고려하여 phase gradient 연산방법 개선과 그에 따른 설계방안은 하드웨어 복잡도와 레이턴시를 줄이도록 설계하였다.
Cited by 1
Donna C. Owens, H. Schuman · 1993
Cited by 0
Hongwoo Park, Won-Jin Lee, Hyun-Seok Oh et al. · The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers · 2025
This article proposes the diagnostic method for power combiner connection inside the active electronically scanned array (AESA) antenna without additional hardware for the measurement. To implement the inspection method, the side lobe blanking (SLB) antenna was used as the signal injection path for the TRM, and the software was designed to enable phase and amplitude comparison. The phase comparison uses the measured phase data of four representative TRMs of each monopulse quadrant and received signals of all TRMs were used for amplitude test. Before the test, effect of amplitude and phase imbalance of single quadrant has been conducted for determining threshold of the failure detection. And then, the threshold was optimized based on the test result of newly manufactured hardware. Test results on three antennas shows similar check result for each quadrants and the method could find the damaged power combiner during flight test activities.
Cited by 0
Marco Lisi · 2021
Active Electronically Scanned Arrays (AESA's) have gained over the last years an increasing interest and utilization, for both space and ground applications. On board satellites, such antennas are often adopted in High-Throughput communications systems and in passive or active remote sensing systems (e.g., Synthetic Aperture Radars, SAR's). On ground, active antennas are widely used for mobile, airborne and maritime satellite communications, as well as in radar systems and 4G/5G cellular communications systems (Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO, antennas). The specification of Active Antenna Systems and its verification through testing is no longer a controversial issue, but many problems still need to be solved, especially at higher frequencies (mmWaves) and facing relatively large-scale productions, e.g., as required for mega satellite constellations.
Cited by 3
Nooshin Valizade Shahmirzadi, Jimmy Nguyen, Romina Kazemivala et al. · 2023
We present an active sensing array for microwave imaging of the breast in the frequency range from 3 GHz to 8 GHz. This array is composed of printed slot antennas integrated with low-noise amplifiers (LNAs). The proposed active array is designed to interface with an array of mixer chips to provide an electronically scanned sensing array with intermediate frequency (IF) switching, thus overcoming the limitations of the current RF-switched arrays employed in tissue imaging. The IF-switched architecture allows for the multiplexing of 16×16 (256) IF sensing ports. The performance of the active sensor array is verified by both simulation and measurement.
Cited by 1
Pierre-Emile J. Duhamel, Haikun Yue, Jeffrey Okurowski et al. · 2024
With new advances in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology, such as the Agilex™ 9 Direct RFSeries FPGA, which combines high speed data converters with a large FPGA device, distributed capture and processing of radar data may become more common. For some radar algorithms transfer of data between the distributed FPGA devices may be necessary. Here we describe the implementation of our Embedded RDMA Lite core design that allows DSP designs on an FPGA to read and write data across a network as easily as using a local DMA operation. We describe how network data transfers may be necessary in a distributed Space Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) application and show an example design that uses the Embedded RDMA Lite core to transfer part of a radar data cube for STAP processing.
Cited by 0
Young-Hwan Kim, Kun-Woo Kim, Ho-Joo Lee · The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology · 2025
모듈형 능동위상배열 레이다에서 모듈 교체 시 발생하는 위상 편차는 필수적으로 보정되어야 하나, 기존 근전계 기반 보정 방식은 과도한 시간과 비용을 요구하여 실용성이 낮다. 본 연구에서는 별도의 근전계 시설 없이 배열 주변에 배치된 안테나를 활용하여 위상 오차를 보정하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방식은 동일 조건에서 반복적인 측정에도 RF 특성이 유지됨을 바탕으로 교체 모듈의 대표 채널만을 측정함으로써 전체 소자의 위상 오차를 효과적으로 보정할 수 있다. 정상 상태 패턴 대비 모듈 교체하고 보정 전/후 패턴을 상관계수, RMS 위상 오차, SLL 변화를 통해 정량적으로 비교한 결과, 제안 기법으로 복원된 패턴이 초기 보정 상태와거의 동일한 수준임을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 제안된 방식이 외부 환경에서도 신속하고 비용 효율적인 모듈 교체 보정을 가능하게 함을 실험적으로 입증하였다.
Cited by 0
Nguyen Thi To Uyen, D. Hung, Lê Trần Bình et al. · Signal Image and Video Processing · 2025
Cited by 0
N.W. Ramsey, C. McComb, David Greig · 2003
An overview of a complete simulation of an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar system is given. The Airborne Radar Environment Simulation (ARES) tool has been developed to represent signals emanating from the radar's environment at the sub-array level. This data forms the input to a test bed simulation in which signal processing algorithms can be developed, in particular adaptive beam forming (ABF) and space-time adaptive processing (STAP) techniques which make use of the sub-array signals. Examples of the outputs from the simulations are presented. The philosophy and methodology of radar systems design and development using simulations is discussed.
Cited by 2
L Babu Saraswathi Kavitha, I. Jacob Raglend · 2013
Phased arrays when mounted on aircraft and missiles will be capable of allowing only the desired signals to be received and simultaneously suppress all other unwanted ones incident from hostile sources. This in turn will make them invisible for the radars at the enemy base or on their aircraft. The paper discusses about the Phased array antenna, Mechanically Steered Planar Array, Passive Electronically Scanned Array, Active Electronically Scanned Array, Wide angle scanning phased array, Mutual coupling effects in phased array and MEMS Electronically steerable antennas. The main aim is analysis of antenna elements suitable for wide-angle scanning array antennas which are useful in airborne radar applications and considers problems related to the design and the analysis of wide-angle scanning phased arrays. The antenna aperture consists many radiating elements used for beam-forming and hence through the adjustment of elemental phases steer the beam efficiently. Moreover, they are capable of rejecting all the unwanted components of the received signals while maintaining at the same time sufficient pattern gain in the desired directions. These characteristics can be implemented for stealth applications.
Cited by 23
Akumalla Lakshmaiah, N. N. S. S. R. K. Prasad, K. P. Ray · Defence Science Journal · 2021
The conventional fighter aircrafts are often equipped with fire control radar (FCR) using mechanically scanned antenna (MSA) with passive slots enclosed with monolithic conical radome. When the fighter platforms get upgraded with the modern active electronically steered array (AESA) FCR for better mission capabilities, even though radome change is desirable for optimum performance of AESA, it may not be feasible due to development time. This necessitate the evaluation of AESA radar with the existing monolithic radome. Hence active antenna aperture radiation pattern is required to be assessed with monolithic radome. To address this issue, simulation is preferred over physical testing, due to the reduced cost, time and complexity in measurements and ability to verify compatibility. In the present paper, the influence of monolithic radome on the active antenna radiation patterns are simulated and analysed. The characterisation studies helped for better optimisation of active aperture, optimum size for new radome development and additional space on fighter platforms that can be used for integration of new subsystems. Simulations are performed at two different locations of antenna inside radome. Experimental validations have been carried out to prove the efficacy of simulated results, which are in agreement.
Cited by 2Open access
Gu-Ho Jeoung, Yun‐Kwon Jung, Tae-Wan Kim et al. · The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science · 2023
In this study, we describe the design and fabrication of an N-way calibration line for an active electronically scanned array radar. The designed calibration line consisted of an open-ended probe and a Wilkinson power divider. It was designed to calibrate by measuring the amplitude and phase of the transmit/receive path. In addition, the signals from the array antenna and transmit/receive module could be transmitted to a calibration assembly using the open-ended probe and power divider. A multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) was used for miniaturization. We described the mechanism and design process of signal transmission through the calibration line. In addition, we described the issue of an N-way calibration line design without a uniform phase distribution of the output ports. This indicated that the signal could not be transmitted at a specific frequency through a random output port. The proposed calibration line was designed to achieve a uniform phase distribution. A calibration line was designed, measured, and tested to validate its performance.
Cited by 0Open access
Seungjai Woo, Sung-Jin Park, Gimin Park et al. · Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B · 2023
함정 내 근접방어무기체계에 탑재되는 능동형 전자주사식 위상배열 레이더는 수백 개의 송수신(T/R: transmit/receive) 모듈과 수천 개의 발열체를 포함하며 전체 시스템에 대한 냉각 설계가 요구된다. 전체 시스템에 대한 냉각 시스템의 수치해석적 평가는 많은 요소 수와 요소별 크기 차이로 인해 많은 계산 비용이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 전체 시스템의 냉각 설계에 대한 단순화된 수치해석적 평가를 진행하였다. 등가 열 유속 기반 단계별 해석을 통해 수치 해석을 단순화하였고 이를 통해 각 위치별 T/R 모듈 내 발열체의 온도를 분석하였다. 해석 결과, 약 60배 빠른 mesh 형성 시간으로 계산 비용을 줄임과 동시에 소자 별 온도 오차를 1% 이내로 도출해낼 수 있었다.
Cited by 0
Gu-Ho Jeoung, Yun‐Kwon Jung, Tae-Wan Kim et al. · The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science · 2023
In this study, we describe the design and fabrication of an N-way calibration line for an active electronically scanned array radar. The designed calibration line consisted of an open-ended probe and a Wilkinson power divider. It was designed to calibrate by measuring the amplitude and phase of the transmit/receive path. In addition, the signals from the array antenna and transmit/receive module could be transmitted to a calibration assembly using the open-ended probe and power divider. A multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) was used for miniaturization. We described the mechanism and design process of signal transmission through the calibration line. In addition, we described the issue of an N-way calibration line design without a uniform phase distribution of the output ports. This indicated that the signal could not be transmitted at a specific frequency through a random output port. The proposed calibration line was designed to achieve a uniform phase distribution. A calibration line was designed, measured, and tested to validate its performance.
Cited by 0Open access