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About 10,000 papers for “Adaptive memory”

Adaptive Memory

˜The œPsychology of learning and motivation/˜The œpsychology of learning and motivation · 2010

Cited by 138

Adaptive Memory

James S. Nairne · Oxford University Press eBooks · 2013

Abstract Although a structural stance can produce significant advances in our understanding of cognitive systems, functionless tinkering often leads to directionless research or to theoretical frameworks designed to explain tasks rather than psychological processes (Nairne, 2005; Klein et al., 2002). As William James once said, it is difficult to understand a house by focusing on its bricks and mortar—one needs to know what the house is for, what the house is designed to do, and it is only in this functional context that bricks and mortar make sense. Identifying the adaptive problems that our memory systems evolved to solve provides just such a functional context in which structural investigations of remembering potentially make sense.

Cited by 5

Adaptive Memory

Mark L. Howe, Mary H. Derbish · Oxford University Press eBooks · 2013

Abstract Recent research has shown that when lists of words are processed for their relevance to a survival scenario (e.g., stranded in the grasslands of a foreign land), true memory performance is higher than when the same words are processed for a number of other, well-known meaningful or deep processing scenarios (e.g., moving to a new house, rating for pleasantness, self-reference) (for a review, see Nairne, 2010). This phenomenon, known as the adaptive memory effect, is said to showcase the human memory system’s proclivity toward more efficient processing of information for its survival relevance, something that may permit better adaptation to our environment.

Cited by 5

Adaptive Memory

Jeanette Altarriba, William Blake Erickson, Henry Otgaar et al. · 2024

Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the current volume, Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Advances in Understanding Adaptive Memory, and summarizes the main findings within each of its four sections. Those sections focus on the following: survival scenarios and memory; anthropological and comparative perspectives; age-related perspectives; and cognitive neuroscience and forensic approaches. Within each section, main findings or observations are summarized and discussed with an eye towards the integration of information across chapters and sections, as well as future directions for research and the development of theory in the field of adaptive or survival memory. Concluding remarks point to the following notions: (1) collecting data that uses a ‘cross task’ or triangulation approach can yield richer data and findings in this area of work; (2) fundamental to many of the effects reported herein is a ‘richness-of-encoding’ feature that appears to accompany memory advantages within the survival paradigm; (3) neuroscientific and other technological approaches and advances can yield even more knowledge related to these effects; and (4) emotion and the study of emotional influences on adaptive memory processing is an as yet untapped but potentially rich source of knowledge in terms of the proximal mechanisms that guide these effects. This chapter serves as the final, culminating work that summarizes the overall reported data and observations that are richly detailed within the volume, on the whole.

Cited by 0

Sparse Adaptive Memory

M. J. Flynn, Brian Flachs, Brian Flachs et al. · 1992

Pattern recognition is a budding field with many possible approaches. This paper proposes "Sparse Adaptive Memory," a classifier architecture built upon the strengths of Parzen classifiers, nearest neighbor classifiers, and feed forward neural networks. The structure of Sparse Adaptive Memory is able emulate these established techniques. A key feature of this learning architecture is the ability to adaptively change its prototype patterns. Many interesting properties of this architecture are examined and shown to be related to the underlying probability density surfaces. SAM is described in terms of convolution, sampling and convolution operations applied to these surfaces. As SAM changes the prototype patterns in the list, it isolates modes in the density functions to produce a classifier that is in some senses optimal. Key Words: pattern recognition, adaptive learning, bayesian classification. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Cited by 0

Adaptive Memory Distortions

D. Merika W. Sanders, Daniel L. Schacter · 2024

Abstract Psychologists and neuroscientists have provided abundant evidence of an imperfect memory system. Memories can lack sufficient detail or include incorrect information, resulting in a variety of well-documented errors in laboratory paradigms as well as in everyday life. Although such memory errors can have severe negative consequences in some everyday settings (e.g. eyewitness misidentifications), and thus appear to be critical flaws in the architecture of memory, an alternative perspective argues that memory distortions are byproducts of useful cognitive processes and may even promote adaptive functions. Here we review emerging cognitive and fMRI research that supports an adaptive perspective on memory distortions resulting from schema-based, gist-based, and associative processes; post-event misinformation; future imagining, creativity, and problem solving; and processes that support associative inference. We argue that the converging evidence for an adaptive perspective on these memory errors from cognitive psychology and neuroscience provides important clues concerning the nature and function of human memory.

Cited by 0

ADAPTIVE MEMORY RESEARCH,

George Sebestyen · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · 1963

The state-of-the-art of automatic pattern recognition techniques and related hardware developments is surveyed with special emphasis on the use of the various adaptive memories reported in the literature of late. The intent of this survey is to examine recent developments and techniques for possible use on Air Force intelligence data processing problems. The relationship between pattern recognition problems and Air Force intelligence problems is discusses and the manner in which pattern recognition methods may be applied to these problems is outlined. Most techniques attempt to process a set of simultaneously measured attributes of the input; while there are significant differences in the manner of attribute processing with the various techniques, the major difference between the methods lies in the manner in which a set of attributes are extracted from the physical world. The better-known set of machine learning and recognition techniques are examined, described, and analyzed in a common terminology. The major activities in automatic photographic data processing (target recognition) conducted in various laboratories of the United States are discussed. (Author)

Cited by 0

What Is Adaptive about Adaptive Memory?

Bennett L. Schwartz, Mark L. Howe · Oxford University Press eBooks · 2013

Abstract Human memory, like other biological systems, has been subject to natural selection over the course of evolution. However, cognitive systems do not fossilize, which means that current researchers must infer evolutionary influences on human memory from current human behavior rather than from fossils or artifacts. Examining the potential for cognition as adaptation has often been ignored by cognitive psychology. Recently, a number of researchers have identified variables that affect human memory that may reflect these ancestral influences. These include survival processing, future-oriented processing, spatial memory, cheater detection, face memory, and a variety of social influences on memory. The current volume grew out of discussion at the symposium on survival processing at the SARMAC conference in June 2011 in New York City. The goal of this volume will be to present the best theoretical and empirical work on the adaptive nature of memory. It features the most current work of a number of cognitive psychologists, developmental psychologists, comparative psychologists, and cognitive neuroscientists who have focused on this issue. This is important because much of this work is necessarily interdisciplinary and is therefore spread out across a range of journals and conferences.

Cited by 95

Utilization-adaptive Memory Architectures

Panwar, Gagandeep · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) · 2024

DRAM contributes significantly to a server system's cost and global warming potential. To make matters worse, DRAM density scaling has not kept up with the scaling in logic and storage technologies. An effective way to reduce DRAM's monetary and environmental cost is to increase its effective utilization and extract the best possible performance in all utilization scenarios. To this end, this dissertation proposes Utilization-adaptive Memory Architectures that enhance the memory controller with the ability to adapt to current memory utilization and implement techniques to boost system performance. These techniques fall under two categories: (i) The techniques under Utilization-adaptive Hardware Memory Replication target the scenario where memory is underutilized and aim to boost performance versus a conventional system without replication, and (ii) The techniques under Utilization-adaptive Hardware Memory Compression target the scenario where memory utilization is high and aim to significantly increase memory capacity while closing the performance gap versus a conventional system that has sufficient memory and does not require compression.

Cited by 0Open access

Adaptive software transactional memory

Joel C. Frank · 2008

This thesis addresses the problem of contention management in Software Transactional Memory (STM), which is a scheme for managing shared memory in a concurrent programming environment.STM views shared memory in a way similar to that of a database; read and write operations are handled through transactions, with changes to the shared memory becoming permanent through commit operations.Research on this subject reveals that there are currently varying methods for collision detection, data validation, and contention management, each of which has different situations in which they become the preferred method.This thesis introduces a dynamic contention manager that monitors current performance and chooses the proper contention manager accordingly.Performance calculations, and subsequent polling of the underlying library, are minimized.As a result, this adaptive contention manager yields a higher average performance level over time when compared with existing static implementations.

Cited by 1

Adaptive Software Transactional Memory

Joel C. Frank · 2008

This thesis addresses the problem of contention management in Software Transactional Memory (STM), which is a scheme for managing shared memory in a concurrent programming environment. STM views shared memory in a way similar to that of a database; read and write operations are handled through transactions, with changes to the shared memory becoming permanent through commit operations. Research on this subject reveals that there are currently varying methods for collision detection, data validation, and contention management, each of which has different situations in which they become the preferred method. This thesis introduces a dynamic contention manager that monitors current performance and chooses the proper contention manager accordingly. Performance calculations, and subsequent polling of the underlying library, are minimized. As a result, this adaptive contention manager yields a higher average performance level over time when compared with existing static implementations.

Cited by 0Open access

An ‘adaptive’ memory experiment.

Denise M. Wolf (272435), Lisa Fontaine-Bodin (272436), Ilka Bischofs (272437) et al. · Figshare · 2015

<p>In an adaptive memory experiment, each (identical) sample of a biological system is subjected to one of several conditions prior to time t0, and then observed in a common condition after t0. If different past histories lead to different short-term behaviors in current conditions, the system can be said to exhibit short-term memory. If different past histories lead to different long-term behaviors, the system can be said to exhibit long-term memory.</p>

Cited by 0Open access

Adaptive Memory: Source Memory is Positively Associated With Adaptive Social Decision Making

Raoul Bell, Marie Luisa Schaper, Laura Mieth · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · 2019

The key insight behind the adaptive memory framework is that the primary function of re-membering is not to help us to relive the past but to inform adaptive behavior in the future. Howev-er, the beneficial effects of memory on the individual’s fitness are often difficult to study empirical-ly. In the case of social cooperation, it is comparatively easy to derive testable predictions about the relationship between specific types of memory (e.g., source memory) and specific types of adaptive decision making (e.g., direct reciprocity). In the present study, we examined both the participants’ behaviors in a Prisoner’s Dilemma game and their memory performance in a source-monitoring test. Participants showed evidence of adaptive decision making. Their willingness to cooperate was strongly determined by their partners’ behaviors in previous rounds. Individual parameter estimates of old-new recognition, source memory, and guessing were obtained via hierarchical multinomial processing tree modeling. Source memory was positively associated with adaptive decisions in the Prisoner’s Dilemma game. The better participants’ source memory, the more often they cooperated with cooperators and the less often they cooperated with cheaters. Guessing in the memory test, by contrast, was unrelated to cooperation. The results underline the importance of source memory in adaptive decision making.

Cited by 0