Matthew Nudds · Oxford University Press eBooks · 2013
This chapter presents an account of auditory perception. Its focus is the question of how we perceive the sources of sounds (the sound-producing events) that we take ourselves to hear. The chapter begins by surveying two ways of answering that question—the epistemic account, and the demonstrative account—and argues that neither is adequate. An alternative account—the representational account—is set out and defended. According to this account, auditory experience represents both sounds (and their acoustic properties) and the sources of sounds. What this means is explained, and empirical evidence in support of the account is described.
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Marion F. Cohen · 1993
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2021
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Elsevier eBooks · 1982
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Richard M. Warren · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 2008
This revised and updated third edition describes the nature of sound, how sound is analyzed by the auditory system, and the rules and principles governing our interpretation of auditory input. It covers many topics including sound and the auditory system, locating sound sources, the basis for loudness judgments, perception of acoustic sequences, perceptual restoration of obliterated sounds, speech production and perception, and the relation of hearing to perception in general. Whilst keeping the consistent style of the previous editions, many new features have been added, including suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter, a section on functional imaging of the brain, expanded information on pitch and infrapitch, and additional coverage of speech processing. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in auditory perception, behavioral sciences, psychology, neurobiology, architectural acoustics, and the hearing sciences will find this book an excellent guide.
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D.H. Ashmead · Elsevier eBooks · 2008
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Marion F. Cohen · 1997
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BMJ · 1973
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Paul Warren, Jen Hay, Brynmor Thomas · 1982
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Marion F. Cohen · 1989
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Lisa Wildmo · Encyclopedia of Special Education · 2008
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William A. Yost, Stanley Sheft · Springer handbook of auditory research · 1993
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Aleksander Sęk · Repository of Kazimierz Wielki University · 2000
This paper is concerned with basis of physiology and psychology of hearing. It presents the most important mechanisms in hearing including middle and inner ear mechanics and cooing of acoustic stimuli in the auditory nerve. It also shows some consideration connected with cochlear amplifier that probably exists in the inner ear. The amplifier enhances sensitivity of the auditory system to very weak sounds and brings about high frequency selectivity of the system and its nonlinear properties. The amplifier is based on properties of the outer hair cells and may be a source of energy delivered to the basilar membrane. This mechanism is probably responsible for otoacoustic emission, i.e. very weak sounds generated by the auditory system. This paper presents the most important relations between physical parameters of sound and its loudness and pitch not only for pure tones but also for complex signals. It also shows some details of the auditory filter concept and some aspects of the frequency selectivity of the auditory system. The most important findings concerned with binaural perception of sounds are also included.
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Ellen C. Haas · Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting · 1992
Auditory perception involves the human listener's awareness or apprehension of auditory stimuli in the environment. Auditory stimuli, which include speech communications as well as non-speech signals, occur in the presence and absence of environmental noise. Non-speech auditory signals range from simple pure tones to complex signals found in three-dimensional auditory displays. Special hearing protection device (HPD) designs, as well as additions to conventional protectors, have been developed to improve speech communication and auditory perception capabilities of those exposed to noise. The thoughtful design of auditory stimuli and the proper design, selection, and use of HPDs within the environment can improve human performance and reduce accidents. The purpose of this symposium will be to discuss issues in auditory perception and to describe methods to improve the perception of auditory stimuli in environments with and without noise. The issues of interest include the perception of non-speech auditory signals and the improvement of auditory perception capabilities of persons exposed to noise. The first three papers of this symposium describe the perception of non-speech auditory signals. Ellen Haas defines the extent to which certain signal elements affect the perceived urgency of auditory warning signals. Michael D. Good and Dr. Robert H. Gilkey investigate free-field masking as a function of the spatial separation between signal and masker sounds within the horizontal and median planes. Jeffrey M. Gerth explores the discrimination of complex auditory signal components that differ by sound category, temporal pattern, density, and component manipulation. The fourth paper of this symposium focuses upon the improvement of auditory perception capabilities of persons exposed to hazardous noise, and who must wear hearing protection. Special HPD designs, as well as additions to conventional protectors, have been developed to improve speech communication and auditory perception capabilities of persons exposed to noise. Dr. John G. Casali reviews several new HPD technologies and describes construction features, empirical performance data, and applications of each device. These papers illustrate current research issues in the perception of auditory signals. The issues are all relevant to the human factors engineering of auditory signals and personal protective gear. The perception of auditory stimuli can be improved by the thoughtful human factors design of auditory stimuli and by the proper use of HPDs.
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Arnold M. Small · Ear and Hearing · 1984
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Matt Coler · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · 2020
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Nudds, Matthew · Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick) · 2013
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Durk Talsma · 2023
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John Antony Michael Martin, David P. Martin · BMJ · 1973
Auditory perceptual tasks involving the discrimination of fine differences in frequency, duration, or rhythmic pattern were given to a group of sixth form schoolboys. The results indicate that there is a wide range of auditory skills for different individuals, even within a relatively homogeneous group. There are also differences in a person's ability to carry out distinct tasks; there does not necessarily appear to be any correlation between his ability for each task.The findings support observations arising out of consideration of hearing problems in children and adults that pure tone threshold audiometry and its derivatives give an inadequate definition of hearing disorder and a limited understanding of the nature of hearing.
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Tomasz Łętowski, Szymon Letowski · 2012
Abstract : Research into human auditory localization acuity and factors that compromise this acuity is an ongoing research program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. Although there is a wealth of information in the professional literature about the physical, physiological, and psychological underpinnings of auditory localization, the specific theoretical concepts, localization error metrics, and data collection methodologies found in various books and articles are quite diverse and frequently poorly described, making generalizations and data comparison quite difficult. This report is intended to provide information needed to clarify potential methodological and interpretational issues as well as to describe the state of the art in auditory localization science. The specific issues addressed by the report are (1) a common terminological and methodological framework for information exchange regarding localization acuity, (2) the current state of knowledge regarding human localization ability, and (3) various types of localization tasks, measures of localization accuracy and precision, and methods for handling reversal errors. Due to the angular (directional) nature of localization data, a particular focus of the report is the discussion of both circular (spherical) and linear metrics; the statistical methods of data analysis; and the criteria under which a linear analysis of localization data is justified.
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