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About 10,000 papers for “Correctness”

Correctness

Denis Diderot (biography), Malcolm Eden · The Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association

Cited by 0

Correctness

Luc Laperrière, Gunther Reinhart · 2014

Cited by 0

Correctness

Alastair Fowler · 2006

Abstract Writing aims to communicate, not to be correct. In any case one can never be perfectly correct in every respect, for there are many sorts of correctness, according to the readership, the kind of writing, and the variety of language. The requirements of one correctness may not be compatible with those of another. For example the demands of formal precision conflict with the requirements of informality: informal, colloquial language is fine for a private letter or email but won’t do for a learned journal.

Cited by 0

Correctness

Nripesh Trivedi · International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) · 2024

Correctness

Cited by 0Open access

Correctness

Sami Chatti, Luc Laperrière, Gunther Reinhart et al. · 2019

Cited by 0

Political Correctness

David C. Paris · Change The Magazine of Higher Learning · 2017

Cited by 3Open access

Political Correctness

Becky R. Ford · Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication · 2017

The term <italic>political correctness</italic> (PC) has been used since the 1930s in Maoist China, where it meant fall in line with the Communist Party’s politics. In the 1980s, there was a revival of the use of the term. For some, PC now primes the prohibition of speech that is seen as derogatory toward historically marginalized groups, and well as the encouragement of more multicultural perspectives. Others see PC in a pejorative sense, thinking of liberal extremism. Since the start of the liberal PC movement in the 1980s, people ranging from sensationalist conservative politicians to serious and thoughtful academics have raised concerns about the negative consequences of PC. Those in support of PC claim that using more inclusive language representing more diverse voices in college classrooms helps improve the lives of members of marginalized groups. On the other hand, many professors and university health professionals have raised concerns that PC culture is too extreme, and the norms are preventing students from developing critical thinking skills. Despite the fact that the debate has being going on for nearly 30 years, little has been resolved. Though many have written their opinions of PC, few have theorized about why it exists or how it functions. Furthermore, although empirical research has peripherally examined the effects of some PC-related issues, very little empirical research has explicitly tested the effects of PC. In order to encourage further theorizing and empirical research about this topic, a short history of the PC movement is presented, a background on social norms and ideology helps provide useful insight for understanding PC, and the small amount of empirical research that explicitly examines PC, such as research on language and the pressure to appear PC, is presented to help with ideas for future research.

Cited by 2

Political Correctness

Csanád Bodó, Gergely Szabó, Ráhel Katalin Turai · Elsevier eBooks · 2025

Cited by 0

Political correctness.

Fairclough, Norman · Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) · 2003

In this article, I approach the controversy over `political correctness' (PC) in terms of three questions: a socio-historical question, a theoretical question and a political question as follows. (1) Why this apparently increasing focus in politics on achieving social and political change through changing culture and changing language - what has happened socially that can explain the `cultural turn' and the `language turn' in politics, in social and political theory, and in other domains of social practice? (2) How are we to understand the relationships among culture, language and other elements of social life and social practices - how are we to understand the relationship between change in culture and language, and social change? (3) For those who are politically committed to substantive social and political change (whether on the right or on the left), what place can a politics centred around culture and language have in a political strategy which is to have some chance of success? The article concludes with a discussion of strategies and tactics for contesting critiques of `PC'.

Cited by 14

Lock correctness

Poetzl, D · Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford) · 2018

&lt;p&gt;Locks are a frequently used synchronisation mechanism in shared memory concurrent programs. They are used to enforce atomicity of certain code portions, avoid undefined behaviour due to data races, and hide weak memory effects of the underlying hardware architectures (i.e., they provide the illusion of interleaved execution). To provide these guarantees, the correct interplay of a number of subsystems is required. We distinguish between the application level, the transformation level, and the hardware level.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On the application level, the programmer is required to correctly use the locks. This amounts to avoiding data races, deadlocks, and other errors in using the locking primitives, such as unlocking a lock that is not currently held.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On the transformation level, the compiler needs to correctly optimise the program and correctly map its operations to machine code. This requires knowing, for example, when it is safe to move a code statement in a thread past a lock operation such that the resulting thread is a refinement of the original thread.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On the hardware level, the lock operations themselves need to be implemented correctly, by usage of low-level primitives such as memory fences and read-modifywrite operations. This requires knowing the relaxations of memory ordering that could occur on the target hardware, and the effect of the primitives that can be used to restore consistency (such as memory fences).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In this thesis, we address an aspect of each of the three levels of correctness mentioned above. On the application level, we provide a sound static approach for deadlock analysis of C/Pthreads programs. The approach is based on a contextand thread-sensitive abstract interpretation framework, and uses a lightweight dependency analysis to identify statements relevant to deadlock analysis. To quantify scalability, we have applied our approach to a large number of concurrent programs from the Debian GNU/Linux distribution.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On the transformation level, we provide a new theory of refinement between threads, which is phrased in terms of state transitions between lock operations. We show that the theory is more precise than existing approaches, and that its application in a compiler testing setting leads to large performance gains compared to a previous approach.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On the hardware level, we provide a toolchain to test the memory model of GPUs and the behaviour of code running on them. We automatically generate short concurrent code snippets that, when run on hardware, reveal interesting properties about the underlying memory model. These code snippets include idioms that typically appear in implementations of synchronisation operations. We further manually test several GPU locking primitives. Our testing has revealed surprising hardware behaviours and bugs in lock implementations.&lt;/p&gt;

Cited by 0Open access