Shu Shun Li, Christopher H. Mody · Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society · 2010
Cryptococcus is a unique environmental fungus. Among the more than three dozen species of Cryptococcus, only C. neoformans and C. gattii commonly cause disease. Although many of these infections occur in immunocompromised patients, C. gattii has recently come to public attention because of an outbreak of devastating illness in immunocompetent individuals. The polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus is a major virulence factor, and in addition to surrounding the organism, it is also released into the environment. Cryptococcus is believed to enter the body through the lung causing pulmonary disease, but because of its neurotropic nature, the central nervous system is a major target organ. The major risk factors include HIV and organ transplantation. Depending on the site of infection and the patient's immune status, the clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to severe life-threatening disease. Treatment regimens depend on the immune status of the patient and the severity of the disease, and include both polyene and imidazole antifungal agents in addition to surgical adjuvant therapy. However, despite antifungal therapy, the mortality remains between 10 and 25% in patients with AIDS, and at least one-third of patients with cryptococcal meningitis experience mycological or clinical failure. Consequently, the mechanism of cryptococcal invasion, immune response, pathogenesis, and treatment continue to be areas of active study. With our advancing knowledge in these areas, we aim at better management for this devastating group of infections.
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2008
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Iglesias Rozas, José Rafael, 1942- · Gredos (University of Salamanca) · 2009
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Tami McDonald, Darin L. Wiesner, Kirsten Nielsen · Current Biology · 2012
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Philippe Kestelyn · 2019
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Iglesias Rozas, José Rafael, 1942- · Gredos (University of Salamanca) · 1984
Diagrama de los hongos del género crytpococcus.
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National Cancer Institute · Definitions · 2020
Ope n Pe e r Re v ie w on Qe
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Cynthia L. McManis · 2025
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Sydney L. Briner, Tamara L. Doering · Current Biology · 2025
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Masako Takashima, Takashi Sugita, Takako Shinoda et al. · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY · 2003
Fifteen strains of the Cryptococcus laurentii complex were reclassified based on sequence analyses of 18S rDNA, the D1/D2 region of the 26S rDNA and the internal transcribed spacer regions, as well as physiological and biochemical properties. The strains were divided into phylogenetic groups I and II. The type strain of C. laurentii (CBS 139T=ATCC 18803T=JCM 9066T=MUCL 30398T=NRRL Y-2536T) was in phylogenetic group I. Phylogenetic group II, which was phylogenetically distant from phylogenetic group I, clustered with Cryptococcus dimennae and Bullera globispora. In phylogenetic group I, the type strain of Torula aurea (CBS 318T=ATCC 32063T=IFO 0372T=NRRL Y-1582T) appeared to be a separate species from C. laurentii, and the designation Cryptococcus aureus comb. nov. is proposed for Torula aurea. Cryptococcus flavescens (formerly Torula flavescens, type strain CBS 942T=ATCC 10668T=DBVPG 6007T=MUCL 30414T) was treated as a synonym of C. laurentii; however, this is a distinct species. The type strains of Torulopsis carnescens (CBS 973T=ATCC 32064T=MUCL 30641T=NRRL Y-1503T), Rhodotorula peneaus (CBS 2409T=ATCC 13546T=MUCL 30643T=NRRL Y-2005T) and Cryptococcus victoriae belonged to phylogenetic group II. Two new combinations, Cryptococcus carnescens comb. nov. (type strain CBS 973T=ATCC 32064T=MUCL 30641T=NRRL Y-1503T) and Cryptococcus peneaus comb. nov. (type strain CBS 2409T=ATCC 13546T=MUCL 30643T=NRRL Y-2005T), are proposed from this group.
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Claudio F. Pérez, Maribel Dolande, M. Moya et al. · Mycopathologia · 2008
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François L. Mayer, James W. Kronstad · Trends in Microbiology · 2019
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Grégori de Souza, Ludmila Leite Sant'Anna, Maria Eduarda Xavier do Carmo et al. · 2025
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Vassil St. Georgiev · Humana Press eBooks · 2003
Cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like fungus that is pathogenic to both animals and man. It was first isolated in 1894 by Busse (1) from a patient with osteomyelitis of the tibia. The fungus is a saprophitic organism that can be found in soil, on a variety of fruits, as well as in close association with pigeon nests (2,3). There are two varieties of C. neoformans: C. neoformans var. neoformans and C. neoformans var. gattii. Each of these varieties, in turn, has two serotypes: A and D for var. neoformans, and B and C for var. gattii. In addition, there have been reports of human infections caused by two other Cryptococcus species: C. albidus and C. laurentii.
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Moghaddam, Masumeh, Watson, Gillian W. · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2024
Genus CRYPTOCOCCUS Douglas Cryptococcus Douglas, 1890b: 155. Type species: Coccus fagi Bärensprung (= Cryptococcus fagisuga Lindinger) by monotypy. Diagnostic characters of the adult female: Live adult female body globular, covered with finely filamentous, white wax secretions. Slide-mounted body ovoid; antennae each with 1 or 2 (rarely 4 or 5) segments. Legs absent or reduced to unsegmented stubs. Spiracles each set in a sclerotized frame with a few associated quinquelocular disc-pores.Anal ring with 4 or 5 setae, rarely with pores.Anal tube well developed, sclerotized. Trilocular, quinquelocular and sometimes quadrilocular pores present. Tubular ducts of two types present on both surfaces. Comments: Worldwide, five species are included in Cryptococcus (García Morales et al. 2016); only C. fagisuga Lindinger has been recorded from Iran (Moghaddam 2009).
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Adele Statzell-Tallman, JW Fell · Elsevier eBooks · 1998
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Adeel Abbasi, Francis DeRoos, José Artur Paiva et al. · 2012
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David W. Warnock · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · 1999
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Tapia,Cecilia, Correa,Néstor · Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scientific Electronic Library Online) · 2014
Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo.
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National Cancer Institute · Definitions · 2020
An encapsulated yeast in the phylum Basidiomycota.T his species is spherical and elongate shaped, urease-positive, pseudohyphae-and nitrate-negative, does not ferment sugars, and assimilates glucose, galactose, maltose, sucrose, trehalose and lactose.C. laurentii is isolated from palm wine and may cause pulmonary and cutaneous infection and CAPD associated peritonitis in humans.
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