Michael Fritsch · Oxford University Press eBooks · 2019
Technological progress, competition and trade, relative prices fluctuations, and changes of the institutional framework may require companies, industries, regions, or the whole national economy to undergo a process of significant restructuring. The transformation of the centrally planned socialist economies of Central and Eastern Europe to market economies offers us a natural laboratory to investigate how a transformational shock impacts the restructuring process. This chapter focuses on two basic components of this process. First, adjustments made by incumbent organizations (‘top-down’), and second, the opportunity for new businesses and organizations that complement or compete with the incumbents, entry into the marketplace (‘bottom-up’ transformation). The chapter highlights a variety of causes that forced incumbent firms to make adjustments, and demonstrates that the bottom-up component holds significant importance in such a process. This is particularly true if changes in the framework conditions are abrupt, and adjustments on the side of the incumbents are slow.
Cited by 1
Lu Aiguo · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · 2000
The new wave of modernization in the name of economic reform has introduced significant change in Chinese society and the economy. The move towards an outward-looking, market-driven economy has involved micro- and macroeconomic reform measures, including the decollectivization of agriculture, the decentralization of economic decisionmaking, encouragement for the growth of the non-state sector, enhancement of the incentives for profitmaking among enterprises, and the adoption of liberal economic and fiscal policies. The measures have been implemented in a piecemeal, yet consistent fashion. ‘Shock therapy’ has not been applied, but new initiatives are constantly being undertaken. The reform process has proved to be protracted: nearly 20 years have passed since the onset of reform. Yet, as has been officially recognized, much remains to be done. The transition from the central planning system has turned out to be much longer than the transition to the central planning system.
Cited by 1
Richard Yarwood · 2023
Cited by 0
Gavin Bridge · Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) · 2005
Cited by 0
GSI Repository (German Federal Government)
Cited by 0
Hans Heinrich Blotevogel, Russell King · European Urban and Regional Studies · 1996
The relationship between economic restructuring in Europe and various aspects of demographic change, such as demographic aging and fertility decline, is examined. The focus is on changes in the labor market. "Changing employment conditions--the growth of the secondary labour market, the flexibilization of labour demand and increasingly also of supply, growing female labour force participation rates, generally high ethnic minority unemployment--reflect different aspects of the transition from the Fordist to the postFordist regime as well as changing demographic and life-style influences. Together they have deeply transformed the European landscape of employment and unemployment. The specific role of international migration is also analysed and it is seen to have fundamentally altered between the Fordist and postFordist eras. Less clear to interpret are changing internal migration patterns: has counterurbanization stopped in response to restructuring and integration and is a new postFordist population map unfolding? The paper concludes by evaluating the nature of the relationship between economic restructuring and population trends and identifying pointers for future research."
Cited by 16
2021
Cited by 0
George Hondroyiannis · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics
Papers published in Economic Change and Restructuring (formerly: Economics of Planning)
Cited by 0
1999
Cited by 0
Agenda Publishing eBooks · 2022
Cited by 0
Martha Schteingart, Jaime Sobrino, Vincente Ugalde · 2023
Cited by 0
J Lovering · Bristol Research (University of Bristol) · 1992
Cited by 0
Godius, Kahyarara · 1996
Cited by 0
Jong Kil Kim · 2000
Cited by 0
Gene Hsin Chang, Dianqing Xu · Economics of Planning · 1996
Cited by 3
ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · 1994
An investigation of social divisions in Europe, providing broad coverage of the important issues. The book explores options for European integration and implications for social justice, citizenship, democracy and East European market reform.
Cited by 0
Tianyu Qi, Niven Winchester, Valerie J. Karplus et al. · 2015
research with independent policy analysis to provide a solid foundation for the public and private decisions needed to mitigate and adapt to unavoidable global environmental changes. Being data-driven, the Program uses extensive Earth system and economic data and models to produce quantitative analysis and predictions of the risks of climate change and the challenges of limiting human influence on the environment—essential knowledge for the international dialogue toward a global response to climate change. To this end, the Program brings together an interdisciplinary group from two established MIT research centers: the Center for Global Change Science (CGCS) and the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research (CEEPR). These two centers—along with collaborators from the Marine Biology Laboratory (MBL) at Woods Hole and short- and long-term visitors—provide the united vision needed to solve global challenges. At the heart of much of the Program’s work lies MIT’s Integrated Global System Model. Through this integrated model, the Program seeks to: discover new interactions among natural and human climate system components; objectively assess uncertainty in economic and climate projections; critically and quantitatively analyze environmental management and policy proposals; understand complex
Cited by 0
Massimiliano Trentin · AMS Campus - AlmaDL · 2013
Cited by 0
Brown, Phillip · 1994
Cited by 0
West African studies · 2013
In recent years, West Africa has again become a major geopolitical concern. The Sahel is a place of central interest in understanding this development and its implications, specifically with regard to international migration.
Cited by 0