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About 10,000 papers for “Enforcement”

Enforcement and Peace Enforcement Operations

Oxford University Press eBooks · 2015

Abstract Enforcement action taken or authorized by the Security Council of a military nature can be subdivided into two broad categories: enforcement operations, which can be characterized as sustained full-scale combat operations against a State authorized by the Security Council to maintain or restore international peace and security; and peace enforcement operations, which, while potentially involving combat, will not amount to sustained full-scale warfare against a State, and which fall conceptually and in terms of their objectives and the intensity of use of force between enforcement operations and traditional peacekeeping. This chapter discusses the legal characterization and basis for enforcement operations and peace enforcement operations under the UN Charter; the status of forces in such operations; the legal parameters for use of force in the context of the UN collective security system; force application in enforcement and peace enforcement operations; and applicability and application of international humanitarian law to these operations.

Cited by 1

Enforcement

Stokes, MD · eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) · 2004

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Frederick M. Herrmann, Ph. D, Le Ec et al. · 1973

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Sudha Narayanan · Palgrave studies in agricultural economics and food policy · 2025

Abstract Across developing countries, a chief problem with contract farming schemes stems from challenges in enforcing the contract. Weak public institutions for enforcement give latitude to both farmers and firms to renege on the contract and parties inevitably resort to various forms self-regulation and other private means of enforcement to maintain transactional relationships. This significant reliance on self-regulation shapes the very nature of contract farming and its trajectories in different contexts. This contested space where farmers and firms fashion the terms of their relationship is viewed variously as relationship maintenance or everyday forms of resistance by farmers. The chapter highlights that contractual relationships may be viewed more as relationships than as contracts, even as there are limits to how much self-regulation and relationship maintenance can support contractual performance.

Cited by 0Open access

Enforcement

Chenyang Zhang · 2023

Abstract In China, if the losing party does not take the initiative to satisfy an effective court judgment, arbitral award and other legal documents, the winning party may apply to the court for enforcement. Then the court may deduct the deposit and/or auction the property of the losing party and use the money/proceeds obtained therefrom to repay the winning party. However, this enforcement power is exclusively vested in the court, and the winning party cannot seize and/or dispose of the property of the losing party on its own. Due to the large number of enforcement cases, the difficulty in tracking down enforceable property and the insufficient punishment against dishonest judgment debtors, China has been plagued by the “difficulty in enforcement” for a long time. In China, the main reason for the “difficulty in enforcement” is that it is difficult to track down the enforceable property of the party subject to enforcement. In order to resolve this problem, Chinese courts have vigorously promoted the information system interconnection between different government departments, which has greatly improved the efficiency of tracking down and/or freezing the property of the party subject to enforcement through the information network system. Another reason for the “difficulty in enforcement” is that it is difficult to sell off non-cash properties. Chinese courts have carried out judicial auctions through the Internet, which has greatly improved the deal closing rate and increased the transaction price of the property auctioned, and greatly improved the possibility of the applicant being compensated. Other than the above approaches, Chinese courts may also impose various restrictions and punishments on dishonest judgment debtors. There are various restrictions and punishments and the implementation thereof depends on the interconnection of different information network systems. If the circumstances in which the party subject to enforcement evades or resists enforcement are serious, the Chinese court may also hold it criminally responsible. In addition, being a contracting state to the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (hereinafter referred to as the “New York Convention”), China has been holding a quite friendly attitude towards the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. In practice, most foreign arbitral awards can be recognized and enforced in China. Compared with the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, there are more requirements and preconditions for the recognition and enforcement of foreign court judgments. Nevertheless, China is now relaxing these requirements and preconditions, and more and more foreign court judgments are being recognized and enforced. With continuous efforts of relevant departments, the enforcement conducted by Chinese courts is getting increasingly effective. We firmly believe that Chinese courts can further improve the enforcement effectiveness as day goes by.

Cited by 0Open access

Enforcement

Ernest Lim · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 2019

I explain the key contributions of my book and the implications that my book has on corporate law and governance

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Michael Lewis, Rosella Mangion, Joël Sollier · 2021

Article 14: EnforcementEach State Party shall take appropriate measures to enforce national laws and regulations that implement the provisions of this Treaty.

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Bloomsbury Professional eBooks · 2018

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Jose Daniel Amado, Jackson Shaw Kern, Martin Doe Rodriguez · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 2017

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Martín Lodge, Kai Wegrich · 2012

Cited by 0

Enforcement

Stephen Jagusch · Oxford University Press eBooks · 2015

Abstract This chapter discusses the enforcement of financial awards in international financial disputes. It explains the presumptive validity of arbitral awards and the ‘pro-enforcement’ approach to the recognition and enforcement of awards under the New York Convention and national arbitration statutes. It considers the limited grounds on which enforcement of an award may be challenged under Article V of the New York Convention, and the circumstances in which the courts of Contracting States may adjourn or suspend recognition proceedings pending the resolution of actions to annul an award in the arbitral seat. It summarizes overviews of the enforcement schemes provided under the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), Panama, and Geneva Conventions, and certain practical issues surrounding the tracking of assets of scofflaw award debtors.

Cited by 0