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About 10,000 papers for “Hamstring”

Hamstring

National Cancer Institute · Definitions · 2020

Ope n Pe

Cited by 0Open access

Reconstruction of chronic proximal hamstring tear with hamstring autograft—hamstring on hamstring technique: technical note

Raquel Lima Cunha, Alexandre Castro, M. Bertomeu Padín et al. · Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery · 2025

Abstract Chronic proximal hamstring tears, often resulting from sports-related trauma or repetitive strain, present a challenging clinical scenario characterized by long-standing tendon damage and functional impairment. These injuries, particularly common in the fourth and fifth decades of life, significantly affect an individual’s quality of life and athletic performance and require effective treatment strategies. Surgical intervention is indicated when conservative treatments fail, with the primary goal of restoring the mechanical function of the hamstrings. Traditional primary repair may not be feasible in chronic cases with tendon retraction and muscle atrophy. Surgical reconstruction techniques aim to restore tendon integrity and improve symptoms. This technical note describes a surgical technique using gracilis and semitendinosus autografts from the contralateral leg to repair chronic proximal hamstring tears. This approach aims to reinforce the reconstruction and overcome the limitations of direct repair in chronic cases, with the aim of improving strength and durability, offering a promising alternative for patients with significant tendon retraction. Reconstruction of chronic proximal hamstring tears with autografts represents an innovative approach to a challenging clinical problem. This technique offers potential benefits in strength and function restoration, with careful patient selection and surgical technique being crucial for successful outcomes. As evidence for this approach evolves, it may become a valuable tool in managing chronic proximal hamstring tears.

Cited by 0Open access

Proximal Hamstring Tears: Endoscopic Hamstring Repair

William Arroyo, Carlos A. Guanche · Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery · 2021

Proximal hamstring tears are common among athletes, especially in sports involving eccentric lengthening during forced hip flexion and knee extension, such as hurdles or water skiing. Tears are described by timing (acute [<1 month] or chronic) and severity (partial or complete). Complete tears are easily identified with magnetic resonance imaging; however, partial tears may be subtle and potentially missed. The spectrum of pathology associated with acute injuries ranges from minor strains to complete tears or avulsions. Acute tears commonly present as pain and bruising over the posterior thigh along with weakness with active knee flexion and often a sensation of instability of the lower extremity. Chronic injuries typically present with ischial pain associated with repetitive activities, and the spectrum includes chronic tendinopathies, ischial bursitis, partial tears, and nonoperatively treated complete tears. Nonoperative treatment is recommended in the setting of low-grade partial tears and insertional tendinosis. However, failure of nonoperative treatment of partial tears may benefit from surgical debridement and repair. Further, surgical repair of complete tears with retraction is usually recommended for active patients. Historically, surgical treatment has been limited to open surgical approaches, although endoscopic management of proximal hamstring tears and chronic ischial bursitis is an option. Our endoscopic technique employs the use of two anchors, double loaded with high-strength suture, and may support a faster recovery due to decreased surgical morbidity. It is important to note that some patients may not be candidates for this endoscopic repair as a result of several factors, including prior chronic and retracted tears, as well as those with altered regional tissue planes due to prior surgical repair.

Cited by 8

Hamstring Exercises

Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)

In the POSE Method, it's crucial to pull quickly. Pulling quickly requires your hamstrings to be finely tuned in order to be responsive. This week, Dr. Romanov demonstrates some ways to strengthen your hamstrings with assistance from Debbie Savage.

Cited by 0

Nordic hamstring.

Abdolhamid Daneshjoo (294638), Abdul Halim Mokhtar (294639), Nader Rahnama (294641) et al. · Figshare · 2015

Cited by 0Open access

Hamstring Strain

Ferrero, Michaela · TopSCHOLAR (Western Kentucky University) · 2023

CLINICAL PRESENTATION &amp; EXAM: During the physical examination, the patient can recall the moment that the injury occurred. The patient will typically complain of a sudden or severe pain in the posterior thigh during exercise. Runners often notice a popping or tearing sensation at the time of the strain. Posterior thigh pain and tenderness will develop immediately after the incident. Depending on the severity of the strain the athlete may start showing signs of discoloration of the skin and swelling distal to the glutes. A simple palpation test of the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and bicep femoris muscles is used in the physical examination to determine the exact area of the strain. ANATOMY &amp; PATHOLOGY: The semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and bicep femoris (hamstrings) are a group of powerful skeletal muscle fibers that are long and predominantly composed of type II fibers. The hamstrings extend from the ischial tuberosity, cross the knee joint posteriorly, and attach to either side of the tibia. The hamstrings, therefore, cross the hip and knee joint which can lead to other pathologies in these areas. A hamstring strain typically comes from muscle overload during eccentric contraction. In a hamstring strain there is either a partial or complete tear of the muscle fibers. The strain can occur in either the muscle belly or where the fibers join the tendon. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING &amp; CONSIDERATIONS: The initial diagnosis is completed with a simple palpation test which will determine if imaging needs to occur. Hamstring strains are graded as I, II and III. A grade I injury is a mild muscle strain or a pull of the muscle. A grade II injury is a partial muscle tear in one of the three hamstring muscles, and a grade III injury is a complete tear of the muscle. An X-ray and an MRI are on occasion used to determine the diagnosis. The X-ray films would be expected to show an avulsion fracture. An MRI would be taken to determine the grade of muscle strain as well as the extent of the injury. TREATMENT &amp; RETURN TO ACTIVITY: Conservative treatment for a hamstring strain is usually successful, though the strain can reoccur. Inflammation may be controlled with resting the leg, ice, compression, and elevation as well as anti-inflammatory medication. Also, therapeutic stretching and strengthening exercises are routinely prescribed for hamstring strains. Occasionally, a grade III strain will require a surgical repair. The surgical repair involves the pulling of the hamstring tendon back into place. The tendon is reattached with devices called anchors. In any treatment, patient compliance is crucial for successful results, and the injury usually improves when the activity that aggravates the area is limited.

Cited by 0

Hamstring Strain

Lapole, Christopher, Spindler, Lindsay, Ruot, Chuck · TopSCHOLAR (Western Kentucky University) · 2025

CLINICAL PRESENTATION & EXAM: A patient with a hamstring strain will present with pain on the posterior thigh, swelling and bruising, and tenderness at the muscle-tendon junction. Stiffness and weakness are present on the upper posterior aspect of the injured leg. The patient may experience a popping sensation at the time of injury, as well as pain when sitting or extending the knee. The exam will begin by palpating the hamstring at three locations; bicep femoris which is lateral of the midline, semimembranosus which is medial to the midline, and semitendinosus which is between the bicep femoris and semimembranosus. A test of the range of motion (ROM) may indicate signs of a hamstring strain along with possible bruising and swelling. ANATOMY & PATHOLOGY: Rapid acceleration and deceleration movement of the thigh can result in an eccentric overload causing a strain of the hamstring muscle fibers. Hamstring strains are classified using three grades of severity. Grade one- minor hamstring strain from overstretching with swelling and pain with 0-4 weeks recovery. Grade two- one or more muscles are partially torn resulting in more pain and swelling resulting in limited use of the affected leg for 2-6 weeks during recovery. Grade 3- the muscle tissue completely tears away from the tendon or bone. This is the most severe grade which takes 4-8+ weeks to recover. The pathology of the hamstring strain may include fiber disruption, inflammation, and scar tissue formation. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING & CONSIDERATION: A hamstring strain is diagnosed by observing, palpation, testing strength with resisted knee flexion, bent knee stretch, and a straight leg raise. A Nordic hamstring test may be used to assess eccentric and concentric strength of the hamstring. Further objective testing will include an ultrasound for muscle tears and hematoma formation and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the severity of the strain differentiating between partial or complete muscle tears. A hamstring strain could be misdiagnosed as sciatic nerve irritation, ischial tuberosity avulsion, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and gluteal strain or lumbar radiculopathy which can overlap with hamstring injuries. TREATMENT & RETURN TO ACTIVITY: For an acute hamstring strain (0-7 days) patient should follow the rest, ice, compression and evaluation (RICE) protocol to help relieve swelling and promote healing and flexibility. The patient may take pain/anti-inflammatory medication like ibuprofen and avoid strenuous/aggressive stretching. In weeks 1-4 emphasis is on restoring strength and flexibility. A physician can prescribe light resistance isometric holds, glute bridges and swimming or cycling, if pain free. In weeks 4-8 exercises such as Romanian deadlifts, single-leg bridges, plyometrics, dynamic drills like side shuffle and lateral movements are used. Sport-specific cutting, sprinting, and jumping, may be prescribed as well. Strength, range of motion, swelling, and pain levels should be monitored closely to ensure appropriate healing is occurring. Apply effective warm-ups, eccentric strength training along with hip and core stability, while monitoring workloads to avoid reinjury risks.

Cited by 0

Hamstring injuries

Kishan Gokaraju, Sekhar Garikipati, Neil Ashwood · Trauma · 2008

Hamstring strains or ruptures require accurate diagnosis and appropriate management for a successful return to normal function. Such injuries may occur to varying severities in one or more of the individual muscles at any point throughout their length. Understanding of the anatomy and mechanics of the lower limb are essential for accurate assessment and treatment of the insult. The type and severity of the injury determines whether conservative or surgical approaches are utilised for definitive management. In addition, the importance of immediate measures and appropriate rehabilitation should not be underestimated

Cited by 2

Hamstring Syndrome

Gian Nicola Bisciotti, L. Pulici, Alessandro Quaglia et al. · Sports et traumatologie · 2016

Cited by 0

Hamstring Muscles

Byas Ghosh · Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. eBooks · 2007

Cited by 0

18. Hamstring

Solveig Torvik · University of Washington Press eBooks · 2012

Cited by 0

Hamstring Strain

Ferrero, Michaela · TopSCHOLAR (Western Kentucky University) · 2023

CLINICAL PRESENTATION & EXAM: During the physical examination, the patient can recall the moment that the injury occurred. The patient will typically complain of a sudden or severe pain in the posterior thigh during exercise. Runners often notice a popping or tearing sensation at the time of the strain. Posterior thigh pain and tenderness will develop immediately after the incident. Depending on the severity of the strain the athlete may start showing signs of discoloration of the skin and swelling distal to the glutes. A simple palpation test of the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and bicep femoris muscles is used in the physical examination to determine the exact area of the strain. ANATOMY & PATHOLOGY: The semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and bicep femoris (hamstrings) are a group of powerful skeletal muscle fibers that are long and predominantly composed of type II fibers. The hamstrings extend from the ischial tuberosity, cross the knee joint posteriorly, and attach to either side of the tibia. The hamstrings, therefore, cross the hip and knee joint which can lead to other pathologies in these areas. A hamstring strain typically comes from muscle overload during eccentric contraction. In a hamstring strain there is either a partial or complete tear of the muscle fibers. The strain can occur in either the muscle belly or where the fibers join the tendon. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING & CONSIDERATIONS: The initial diagnosis is completed with a simple palpation test which will determine if imaging needs to occur. Hamstring strains are graded as I, II and III. A grade I injury is a mild muscle strain or a pull of the muscle. A grade II injury is a partial muscle tear in one of the three hamstring muscles, and a grade III injury is a complete tear of the muscle. An X-ray and an MRI are on occasion used to determine the diagnosis. The X-ray films would be expected to show an avulsion fracture. An MRI would be taken to determine the grade of muscle strain as well as the extent of the injury. TREATMENT & RETURN TO ACTIVITY: Conservative treatment for a hamstring strain is usually successful, though the strain can reoccur. Inflammation may be controlled with resting the leg, ice, compression, and elevation as well as anti-inflammatory medication. Also, therapeutic stretching and strengthening exercises are routinely prescribed for hamstring strains. Occasionally, a grade III strain will require a surgical repair. The surgical repair involves the pulling of the hamstring tendon back into place. The tendon is reattached with devices called anchors. In any treatment, patient compliance is crucial for successful results, and the injury usually improves when the activity that aggravates the area is limited.

Cited by 0

Hamstring Strains

Thomas M. Best, William E. Garrett · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · 1996

Strains to the hamstring muscle group are prevalent and, unfortunately, often recurrent, with prolonged rehabilitation and persistent disability. Most hamstring injuries are of a single muscle near the muscle-tendon junction. Rarely, the hamstring muscle group may avulse from the ischial tuberosity. The diagnosis can usually be made by history and physical exam, but MRI can be used to help pinpoint the extent and location of the injury. Initial treatment typically consists of rest, ice, compression, elevation, and pain relief. There is no consensus on optimal rehabilitation, but functional exercises with stretching and strengthening have been emphasized.

Cited by 16