Savage, Richard N. · DigitalCommons - CalPoly (California State Polytechnic University) · 1990
An optical switch for transmitting light between a first location and a selected one of a plurality of second locations. The switch includes a mirror having a concave, reflective surface and an axis. The switch also includes a plurality of fiber optic cables, one of which is disposed at the first location and the remainder of which are disposed at the second locations, each cable having a light transmission face at their respective locations. The light transmission face at the first location is substantially parallel to the focal plane of the mirror. The light transmission face at each of the second locations is at an angle which intersects with the axis. A motor connected to the mirror for eccentric rotation thereof with respect to its axis to direct light between the first location and individual ones of the second locations depending upon the rotational position of said mirror about the axis to complete the light switch. The light transmission face at the first location is substantially parallel to the focal plane of the mirror and substantially perpendicular to the axis thereof, and the light transmission face at each of the second locations is at a defined angle to the focal plane. The mirror is preferably spherically concave, or elliptically concave, or parabolicly concave.
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NAKAMURA HITOSHI, SAKANO SHINJI, KATSUYAMA TOSHIO et al. · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1987
PURPOSE:To allow a miniaturized switch array with low dispersion and to attain a high separation ability and a high integration by employing a semiconductor material having an energy gap satisfying a specific relationship as a material for an optical waveguide. CONSTITUTION:In terms of an optical switch capable of leading each optical signal in an optical fiber transmitting light in an optical communication system to any one of plural optical fibers, the semiconductor material having the Eg satisfying a relationship of 0<Eg-hv<0.1eV between the optical energy hv of an incident light beam and the energy gap Eg corresponding to transition between bands is used as the material for the optical waveguide. Accordingly, since a refraction factor can be largely changed only by impressing a current, the optical switch array, which is applicable to optical switching in plural modes and can be highly integrated, can be attained with a simple constitution.
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SASAKI NOBUO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1989
PURPOSE:To accelerate a control system by providing a multiple quantum well (MQW) optical waveguide layer formed on a semiconductor substrate, a diffraction grating formed along the optical waveguide layer, and an electrode which impresses an electric field on the optical layer perpendicularly. CONSTITUTION:When a reverse bias voltage is impressed from a terminal 1, the voltage is added on the MQW optical waveguide layer 8, and the average refractive index and the absorption coefficient of the optical waveguide layer 8 are changed by a quantum confinement Stark effect. When a control pulse voltage is impressed from a terminal 2, it is superposed on the reverse bias voltage, and accordingly, the average refractive index and the absorption coefficient of the optical waveguide 8 are changed. In a state where no control pulse voltage is impressed in case of setting the reverse bias voltage and the control pulse voltage, a waveguide mode as shown in A is set, and by impressing the control pulse voltage, the average refractive index and the absorption coefficient of the optical waveguide layer 8 can be increased by the quantum confinement Stark effect, and the equivalent refractive index of whole of the optical waveguide layer is increased, thereby, the reflecting area of a narrow-band filter consisting of the diffraction grating 6 and the optical waveguide layer 8 is moved to a long wavelength side as shown in B, then, a mode goes to a reflection mode, and incident light is cut off.
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PIERRE FRANCO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1984
An optical switch comprising a switching stage, consisting of two optical changeover switches (10, 11) connecting four selector paths to two intermediate optical channels (12, 13), and a coupling stage consisting of a passive Y-coupling (20) connecting the two intermediate optical channels (12, 13) to a common optical fibre path, serving in particular to switch into service, without interrupting transmission, one laser diode out of four (1, 2, 3, 4) located at one end of an optical fibre (21).
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SpringerReference · 2011
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IKEDA MASAHIRO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1987
PURPOSE:To improve gain and isolation characteristics by forming a waveguide of an active layer and a cladding material surrounding the active layer to thickness and width with which modes as many as all modes excited in an optical fiber coupled with the waveguide are excited. CONSTITUTION:The number of excited modes of the waveguide composed of the active layer and cladding is equalized to the total number of excited modes of the connected multimode fiber. For example, when a grated multimode optical fiber of 25mum in core radius and 0.015 is specific refractive index difference DELTAis connected as input/output waveguides 6A and 6B, NLO needs to be equal to Nf, where Nf is the total number of propagation modes of the multimode fiber and NLO is the total number of modes excited in the waveguide by the active layer 2. Then, the width W of the active is calculated on said condition.
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PIERRE FRANCO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1984
An optical switch comprising a switching stage, consisting of two optical changeover switches (10, 11) connecting four selector paths to two intermediate optical channels (12, 13), and a coupling stage consisting of a passive Y-coupling (20) connecting the two intermediate optical channels (12, 13) to a common optical fibre path, serving in particular to switch into service, without interrupting transmission, one laser diode out of four (1, 2, 3, 4) located at one end of an optical fibre (21).
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楊淳良; 李三良; 徐達儒 · 2015
專利類型：發明 專利國別：中華民國 專利公開/公告號：201510595/I483016 專利申請號：102132661 國際分類號：G02B-006/35(2006.01);G02B-026/08(2006.01)
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Richard N. Savage · DigitalCommons - CalPoly (California State Polytechnic University) · 1990
An optical switch for transmitting light between a first location and a selected one of a plurality of second locations. The switch includes a mirror having a concave, reflective surface and an axis. The switch also includes a plurality of fiber optic cables, one of which is disposed at the first location and the remainder of which are disposed at the second locations, each cable having a light transmission face at their respective locations. The light transmission face at the first location is substantially parallel to the focal plane of the mirror. The light transmission face at each of the second locations is at an angle which intersects with the axis. A motor connected to the mirror for eccentric rotation thereof with respect to its axis to direct light between the first location and individual ones of the second locations depending upon the rotational position of said mirror about the axis to complete the light switch. The light transmission face at the first location is substantially parallel to the focal plane of the mirror and substantially perpendicular to the axis thereof, and the light transmission face at each of the second locations is at a defined angle to the focal plane. The mirror is preferably spherically concave, or elliptically concave, or parabolicly concave.
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WATANABE KAZUAKI · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1990
PURPOSE:To produce the optical switch having high propagation efficiency with a simple process at a good yield by providing clad layers consisting of a II-VI compd. semiconductor and an optical waveguide layer having the refractive index larger than the refractive index of the clad layers in an optical waveguide and forming one layer thereof by selective epitaxial growth. CONSTITUTION:An electrode 16 for carrier injection is provided on the linear optical waveguide and switching is executed by injecting carriers to the optical waveguide layer 13. The optical waveguide has the clad layers 12, 14 consisting of the II-VI compd. semiconductor and the optical waveguide 13 consisting of the II-VI compd. semiconductor having the refractive index larger than the refractive index of the clad layers 12, 14 on a substrate 1 The one layer is formed by the selective epitaxial growth. Namely, the optical waveguide is formed by the selective growth and, therefore, the need for executing stages, such as etching or diffusing, after the growth is eliminated. The flat surface is obtd. in this way and the scattering loss of guided light is decreased. Since the stage is simple and short, the yield is improved.
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FUJIWARA MASAHIKO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1986
PURPOSE:To make an optical switch very small in size and, at the same time, to operate the optical switch under low-voltage conditions, by using a gain guiding type waveguide which utilizes a gain difference caused by carrier injection into a semiconductor material as one of plural channel waveguides. CONSTITUTION:A buffer layer 4, activating layer 5, cladding layer 6, and gap layer 7 are piled up on an N-InP substrate 3 and P-diffused areas 9a and 9b are formed through an SiO2 mask 8. The electric current injecting part of the activating layer 5 acts as a channel waveguide and, when electric currents are injected into electrodes 11a and 11b, incident light 31a advances straight on and becomes outgoing light 31b. When the current injection into the electrode 11b on the opposite side of the incident side is stopped, a level difference in refractive index is produced at the central part of the intersecting section and the light 31a is totally reflected and becomes another outgoing light 31c. Therefore, when the current injection into the P-side electrode on one side is turned on/off, this optical switch makes switching operations and the voltage variation required for making the switching operations is about 2V. Accordingly, an optical switch which is very small in size and low in voltage can be obtained.
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ODAGIRI YUICHI, WATABE NOBUTAKA · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1987
PURPOSE:To increase an extinction ratio by including a semiconductor laser where only an active layer just under a light charging window is about circular and which is coated with a current block layer, the first optical system which charges the input light beams to the window, and the second optical system which transmits the output light beams from the semiconductor laser. CONSTITUTION:When the input light beams are charged from a light charging window 28 to a semiconductor laser 1 by the first optical system 29, the semiconductor laser 1 is changed from the turning-off state to the turning-on state to perform laser oscillation. The output light beams are transmitted by the second optical system 30. At this time, the charging current of the semiconductor laser 1 is fixed 1mA smaller than a laser oscillation threshold. Though a saturable absorber is formed just under the light charging window 28 because current charging there is completely suppressed by the second current block 16, laser oscillation is easily started by sufficient absorption in a circular active layer 13 due to light charging.
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SPAETH, WERNER · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 2000
An optical switch includes an optical transmission path having an optical transmission medium, an input-side end and an output-side end. A radiation source is associated with the input-side end for emitting a primary optoelectronic signal being coupled into the transmission path. A reflection device is associated with the output-side end for receiving the primary optoelectronic signal and converting the primary optoelectronic signal into a secondary, modulated optoelectronic signal being reflected and coupled back into the transmission path. A receiver is associated with the input-side end of the transmission path for responding to the secondary, modulated optoelectronic signal to perform an electronic switching operation.
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KATO MAMORU · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1986
PURPOSE:To attain the reduction of loss, high reliability and miniaturization by using a laser diode enabled to change oscillating wavelength optionally and a branching filter as constitutional elements of an optical switch. CONSTITUTION:The laser diode 5 is a variable waveguide type laser diode of which oscillating wavelength is changed by an applied control current. The output of the laser diode 5 is branched by the branching filter 7 through a fiber and led into output side fibers 8. The branching filter 7 is a filter consisting of an interference film and has a different outgoing angle due to the slight difference of wavelength and plural output side optical fibers 8 are connected to respective outgoing points of the branching filter 7 to branch light.
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FUJIWARA MASAHIKO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1986
PURPOSE:To integrate numerous optical switches on one substrate, by constituting at least one of three channel waveguides in a gain guiding type waveguide which utilizes the gain difference between a section, into which carrier injection is performed, and non-injected section when partial carrier injection is performed into an active layer of a semiconductor material. CONSTITUTION:In a waveguide constitution of a gain guiding type which is constituted by closely arranging plural, for example, three channel waveguides having the same phase constant in parallel with each other at regular intervals, three channel waveguides 20a, 20b, and 20c are formed just below the (p) regions 9a, 9b, and 9c of an active layer 5 by the distribution of gains in the active layer 5, when forward bias is added between electrodes 11a, 11b, and 11c and an electrode 10 and the electrodes are biased to the vicinity of a threshold. That is to say, when electric current injection is performed into the electrodes 11a, 11b, and 11c, an 1-input and 3-output optical switch of the three channel waveguides is obtained.
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Reedy, Robert P. (Livermore, CA) · OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · 2023
An optical switching device (10) is provided whereby light from a first glass fiber (16) or a second glass fiber (14) may be selectively transmitted into a third glass fiber (18). Each glass fiber is provided with a focusing and collimating lens system (26, 28, 30). In one mode of operation, light from the first glass fiber (16) is reflected by a planar mirror (36) into the third glass fiber (18). In another mode of operation, light from the second glass fiber (14) passes directly into the third glass fiber (18). The planar mirror (36) is attached to a rotatable table (32) which is rotated to provide the optical switching.
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Reedy, Robert P. (Livermore, CA) · OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · 2023
An optical switching device (10) is provided whereby light from a first glass fiber (16) or a second glass fiber (14) may be selectively transmitted into a third glass fiber (18). Each glass fiber is provided with a focusing and collimating lens system (26, 28, 30). In one mode of operation, light from the first glass fiber (16) is reflected by a planar mirror (36) into the third glass fiber (18). In another mode of operation, light from the second glass fiber (14) passes directly into the third glass fiber (18). The planar mirror (36) is attached to a rotatable table (32) which is rotated to provide the optical switching.
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IKEDA MASAHIRO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1987
PURPOSE:To improve gain and isolation characteristics by forming a waveguide of an active layer and a cladding material surrounding the active layer to thickness and width with which modes as many as all modes excited in an optical fiber coupled with the waveguide are excited. CONSTITUTION:The number of excited modes of the waveguide composed of the active layer and cladding is equalized to the total number of excited modes of the connected multimode fiber. For example, when a grated multimode optical fiber of 25mum in core radius and 0.015 is specific refractive index difference DELTAis connected as input/output waveguides 6A and 6B, NLO needs to be equal to Nf, where Nf is the total number of propagation modes of the multimode fiber and NLO is the total number of modes excited in the waveguide by the active layer 2. Then, the width W of the active is calculated on said condition.
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FUJIWARA, MASAHIKO · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1988
An optical switch having a plurality of channel waveguides. At least one of which is a gain-guided channel waveguide. In operation, a light beam incident on one end face of the optical switch through one of the channel waveguides exits from the switch through one or another of the channel waveguides in accordance with current injected into the gain-guided channel waveguide. As a result, a compact low-voltage optical switch is possible. The channel waveguides may run parallel to each other, or may come together in a center portion in a X-shape, separated by a relatively small distance, or as a third alternative may be formed in a Y-shape, with a small distance separating the branches of said Y-shape.
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TAKIGUCHI, TOHRU · Institutional Repository of Xi'an Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Xian Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics) · 1995
An optical switch includes a semiconductor substrate having a surface, a ridge waveguide disposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate and including an optical waveguide layer having an MQW structure, first and second cladding layers sandwiching the optical waveguide layer, and a switch disposed in a part of the ridge waveguide. A part of the MQW optical waveguide layer included in the switch is thicker than the other part of the optical waveguide layer, whereby the energy band gap of the optical waveguide layer of the switch is smaller than the energy band gap of the other part of the optical waveguide layer and larger than the energy of the signal light. Therefore, the absorption loss of the signal light traveling through the optical waveguide layer is reduced. Furthermore, since the variation in the refractive index of the switch when current is applied to the switch is increased, the ON/OFF ratio of the switch is increased.
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