Paul H. Rubin · Cato Journal · 2014
Tumor cell-targeting drug delivery systems are of great importance to anti-tumor therapy in clinics. Owing to the overexpression of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) on the membrane of hepatoma carcinoma cells, the conjugation of lactose on the surface of drug delivery systems has already shown significant advantages for targeting tumor cells. In this study, a disulfide bond-conjugated prodrug targeting delivery system consisting of camptothecin (CPT) and lactose (LA) was synthesized, which was denoted as CPT-S-S-LA. Camptothecin and lactose act as the chemotherapy drug and targeting ligand in the drug delivery system, respectively. Since CPT-S-S-LA is an amphiphilic compound, it can self-assemble into nanoparticles with a diameter of around 110 nm. The CPT-S-S-LA nanoparticles displayed controllable drug release behavior in the physiological environment. Unlike the free CPT, the CPT-S-S-LA nanoparticles firstly assembled at the tumor sites via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and then were phagocytized by the tumor cells with ASGP receptor-mediated endocytosis. Finally, the antitumor agent CPT was released for killing tumor cells, which have a high glutathione (GSH) concentration environment. The nanoparticles displayed favorable ability to target hepatoma carcinoma cells rather than the normal HUVEC cells in vitro. Both the in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that the CPT-S-S-LA nanoparticles display enhanced antitumor ability and reduced side effects. Thus, active targeting prodrug delivery systems should be a promising strategy for liver tumor therapy.
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Tim Raine, Damien Brown, Paul Bowness et al. · 2015
Consistent patterns of expression of HLA class I free heavy chains in healthy individuals and raised expression in spondyloarthropathy patients point to physiological and
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KRAUSS · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · 1896
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KRAUSS · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · 1896
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L. O. Darkschewitsch · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · 1896
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Justin Lev-Tov · Open Context · 2006
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Thomas Wolbers, Paul A. Dudchenko, Emma R. Wood · 2014
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H. M. Popow · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · 1896
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Diana S. Fleischman · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · 2013
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Diana S. FleischmanCentre for Comparative and Evolutionary Psychology, University of Portsmouth, UK
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Quankuan Gu (20539301), Yunlong Wang (180471), Haichao Zhang (221945) et al. · Figshare · 2025
<b>(A)</b>Hematoxylin-eosin staining(n = 6); <b>(B)</b> Masson staining(n = 6); <b>(C)</b> Immunohistochemistry(n = 6); <b>(D)</b> Ashcroft score of mouse lung tissue(n = 6); E: Positive area for fibrosis(n = 6); F: Positive area for α-SMA(n = 6).*<i>P</i> < 0.05; **<i>P</i> < 0.01; ***<i>P</i> < 0.001; ****<i>P</i> < 0.0001.
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The Medical Journal of Australia · 1957
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The Medical Journal of Australia · 1940
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I. W. WHIMSTER · Nature · 1970
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Diane Enns · Columbia University Press eBooks · 2016
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V CERMAK, L KRAL · PubMed · 1961
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Lori E. Koelsch · Journal of Constructivist Psychology · 2014
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John H. Packard · PubMed · 1861
Haldane to the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Edinburgh.A man about 60 years of age, of intemperate habits, fell down some steps and struck his head against a door.He was brought into the hospital in a state of concussion, from which he did not recover, but died about twenty-four hours after admission.On post-mortem examination a scalp wound, extending down to the bone, was found behind the right ear.There was no fracture of the cranial bones.When the brain was removed, a few drops of blood were found lying on the dura mater which lines the middle fossa of the skull on the right side.On slicing the brain, two or three small hemorrhagic extravasations, about the size of pepper-corns, were found in the substance of the corpus cal losum.There was a small superficial clot in the left corpus striatum, and a similar lesion was found in each optic thalamus.Dr. Haldane remarked that hemorrhage into the corpus callosum was, as an idiopathic lesion, almost if not quite unknown; while, even as the result of injury, it was very rare, except in cases where there was extensive disorganization of the brain.In the present case the different hemorrhagic extravasations had no doubt been the result of injury, but they were extremely limited in extent; and it was certainly remark able that a comparatively non-vascular part, like the corpus callosum, should be one of the seats of the lesion.The material lesions of the brain did not seem to be sufficient to account for the fatal result; in fact, as indicated by the symptoms observed during life, the individual died from concussion, having never recovered from the shock of the fall.-(Dublin Medical Press, May 15, 1861.)II.-Fibro-nucleatedTumor of the Brain.Reported by Dr. Sands to the New York Pathological Society.A barkeeper, aged 37, who had been in his usual health on retiring for the night, was found at five o'clock in the morning trying to tear off his night-shirt, and saying that he was poisoned.When seen by Dr. Sands he was dying; per fectly insensible, his respiration nearly extinct, his pulse 120, his pupils widely dilated.At the autopsy, besides slight abnormities of the heart and kidneys, easily accounted for by the intemperate habits of the deceased, there were some interesting lesions observed in the brain.The tuber annulare was increased in breadth by the presence within it of an apoplectic clot, to which death was probably owing." The calvarium was removed in the usual manner; but when the dura mater was cut through on the left side by a scalpel, it was noticed to pass through a soft substance which was not brain matter.Care was then taken to see what was the trouble, when a tumor was discovered, developed from the arachnoid surface of the dura mater.This tumor was hemispherical in its shape, its flattened surface being its point of attachment, the convex sur face crowding upon the surface of the hemisphere without showing any signs of inflammation in the vicinity.The greatest breadth of the tumor was about an inch and a half; its surface was finely lobular, and presented a very vascular ap pearance."Examined with the microscope the tumor was found to contain "a very appreciable amount of connective tissue, disposed in bands, running in vari ous directions, many of them having a concentric direction inclosing circular spaces.These spaces appeared to be filled partly with nuclei and partly with cells."The tumor was thought by Dr. Sands to be "one of a very rare form, to which Mr. Bennett, the Edinburgh physician, has given the name of fibronucleated-a name adopted by Mr. Paget-and in his opinion the tumor is closely allied to those known as fibro-recurrent.The nuclei abound consider ably above the cells; they are oval, and contain either one or two nuclei.Both the nuclei and nucleoli are very minute, the average long diameter of the former being of an inch.The cells are exceedingly slender, and correspond in appearance with those found in the fibro-recurrent tumor.Notwithstanding the tumor seems to have existed a considerable length of time, there were, accord ing to the account of one of his friends, no brain symptoms at any time pres ent, excepting the occasional attacks of delirium tremens."Several other cases were mentioned in illustration of the fact that tumors and abscesses of the brain sometimes are, and sometimes are not, attended by symptoms recognizable during life.-(Amer.Med.Times, June 22, 1861.)III.-Obscure Cases of Cancer of the (Esophagus.By Dr. Wilks.When this disease causes stricture of the tube, and consequently dysphagia, its diagnosis is usually clear; but sometimes the difficulty of swallowing is
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B BIRD · PubMed · 1954
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Erwin Bünning · Heidelberg science library · 1964
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CLYDE E. KEELER · Journal of Heredity · 1935
PATHOLOGICAL HEREDITY Get access CLYDE E. KEELER CLYDE E. KEELER Howe Laboratory and Bussey Institution Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Heredity, Volume 26, Issue 10, October 1935, Pages 422–423, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a103996 Published: 01 October 1935
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