proctor compaction test
2014
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About 672 papers for “Proctor compaction test”
modified Proctor compaction test
2014
Cited by 1
Results of Standard proctor compaction test.
Peng Hu (196664), Shufeng Chen (1788964), Zhao Duan (840515) et al. · Figshare · 2025
<div> Construction in northwest China is generally packed with issues linked to loess soil with poor engineering properties and day-night and seasonal freeze-thaw (FT) actions. This study explored the potential benefits of nano-MgO (NM) as an innovative solution for improving mechanical properties of loess. To this end, a series of unconfined compression test (UCT) and nuclear magnetic resonance tests (NMRT) were conducted. Results showed that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) exhibited an a “rise-fall” trend with the addition of NM. An optimum dosage of 2% NM is expected to bring about 71.9% and 143.5% strength gain for non-FT and FT samples, respectively. Meanwhile, the FT-induced strength reduction ratio decreased from 56.3% to 38.1% with NM content from 0 to 2%. These illustrated that NM can be very effective in improving mechanical performance and alleviating freeze-thaw damage. On the other hand, deformation modulus presented similar trends with UCS, while failure strain behaved in a reverse way. Accordingly, empirical models for UCS, as well as its relationships with modulus and failure strain, were established and validated by literature data. Furthermore, nuclear magnetic resonance tests revealed that adding NM could increase the proportion of bound water with intensive interaction, yielding improved performance and durability. This investigation shows that NM represents an alternative to cement for soil stabilization, and provides scientific support for the construction design in cold regions. </div>
Cited by 0Open access
Experimental Study of Soil Compaction with Proctor Standard Test Equipment
Nur Addin Fatkunada, Agata Iwan Candra, Dodi Setiawan · CIVED · 2024
Soil is the surface layer of the earth which consists of minerals, organic materials, air, living things. Clay soil is one type of soil that is important in determining the bearing capacity of subgrade required for construction. The bearing capacity of the soil is obtained by compacting it, using the TS-365 Automatic Standard Proctor. Soil compaction is the process of removing air from the pores of the soil, and is effective for improving soil properties in order to increase the density (density) of the soil so that shear strength increases, soil settlement decreases, and soil permeability decreases. The standard proctor test uses 5 separate soil samples weighing 2 kg, with a mixture of 16%, 19%, 22%, 25% and 28% air respectively. The test results show that the soil obtained from the Pojok sub-district area. Mojoroto, East Java obtained the results of soil compaction data using a standard proctor test, it was obtained that the optimum dry volume weight of the soil was 1,630 gr/cm3 and the optimum water content was 32%. So that the results of soil testing in the laboratory can be used as a reference for controlling soil compaction in construction.
Cited by 0Open access
A NEW LABORATORY COMPACTION DEVICE AND ITS COMPARISON WITH THE PROCTOR TEST
Amanjot Singh, B. C. Punmia · 1965
THE DEVICE DESCRIBED AND ILLUSTRATED IS A SMALL LABORATORY ONE KNOWN AS THE JODHPUR MINI-COMPACTOR IN WHICH SOIL IS COMPACTED BY A RAMMING TOOL TO A VOLUME OF 0.3 LITRE UNDER A COMPACTIVE ENERGY NEARLY THE SAME AS THAT USED IN THE STANDARD PROCTOR TEST. THE VALUES OBTAINED FOR MAXIMUM DRY DENSITY AND OPTIMUM WATER CONTENT ARE SAID TO BE THE SAME AS THOSE GIVEN BY THE PROCTOR TEST. THE DEVICE CAN BE USED FOR OTHER TESTS. /RRL/
Cited by 5
Correlation of compaction characteristics of standard and reduced Proctor tests
Shaivan Hirebelaguly Shivaprakash, Asuri Sridharan · Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering · 2020
Analysis of reduced Proctor test and standard Proctor test results collected from literature indicates that it is possible to replace standard Proctor with reduced Proctor due to the advantages that the reduced Proctor test requires 40% less compaction energy, requires no modifications to the standard Proctor compaction apparatus unlike other small compaction tests, and the soil particle size requirements remain the same as those for the standard Proctor test. Correlations were also developed for compaction characteristics obtained by the modified Proctor test and the reduced Proctor test in order to estimate compaction characteristics at the modified Proctor energy level by just performing the reduced Proctor test. The optimum moisture content was found to correlate well with liquid limit. In addition, for the reduced Proctor test, maximum dry density was found to have a very good correlation with optimum moisture content.
Cited by 17Open access
EFFECT OF THE ORGANIC MATTER AT THE COMPACTION OF NEOSSOLO EUTROPHIC BY THE PROCTOR TEST
R.S.A. Lima, V.I.A. Lima, Enric Sales et al. · 2015
Cited by 0
Optimum Compaction Test of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement
정회원·강릉원주대학교 토목공학과 석사과정, Gun Woo Chung, Seung Woo Lee · International Journal of Highway Engineering · 2015
PURPOSES : To ensure appropriate RCC properties with sufficient strength development and workability, it is necessary to secure a proper level of consistency. It is also necessary to secure maximum dry density, which is an important factor for increasing the interaction of aggregate interlocking, leading to an augmentation of RCC strength. On the other hand, the dry density of RCC can be changed owing to the compaction conditions, water content, and particle size distribution. A Proctor test and a modified Proctor test were used for determining the optimum water content needed to achieve maximum dry density with different amounts of compaction energy. A Vebe test, on the other hand, was used for checking the level of consistency, which is important for producing a workable mixture. METHODS : To confirm the degree of compaction at various particle sizes, RCC mixtures with different sand/aggregate ratios were evaluated. The Proctor test and modified Proctor test were applied to these mixtures to check the effect of the aggregate gradation and compaction energy on the maximum dry density and optimum water content. During each test, three specimens were produced for all types of water content under each aggregate gradation. A compaction curve and the optimum water content and maximum dry density for each aggregate gradation were then obtained for both tests. The range of water content for the appropriate consistency of each aggregate gradation was determined through a Vebe test. The optimum water content was then evaluated based on this range. RESULTS : The compaction test results show that the modified Proctor test provides a higher maximum dry density and lower optimum water content compared with the standard Proctor test. For the modified Proctor test, two cases of aggregate gradation (s/a
Cited by 0
Reported correlations on compaction characteristics of fine grained soils in the standard proctor test—a critical reappraisal
Gopika Vinod · 2018
The determination of compaction characteristics is very important in the case of earthworks construction and as such, attempts to develop empirical equations for their prediction has been greatly received. For preliminary design and assessment, correlations of compaction characteristics with index properties have been attempted by various investigators. The reported methods for prediction of compaction characteristics of fine grained soils in the standard Proctor compaction test are critically reviewed in this paper. Among the various correlations, those proposed by Dokovic et al. (2013) and Vinod and Sreelekshmy Pillai (2017), are observed to be the most accurate and precise ones. With the use of toughness limit, which effectively takes care of the combined effect of liquid limit (wL) and plastic limit (wP), a new set of equations for the prediction of compaction characteristics at the standard Proctor compactive effort, are also proposed.
Cited by 1
Compaction Characteristics of Non-Gravel and Gravelly Soils Using a Small Compaction Apparatus
Avirut Chinkulkijniwat, Ekachai Man-Koksung, Anuchit Uchaipichat et al. · Journal of ASTM International · 2010
Abstract The standard Proctor test has been widely used and accepted for characterizing soil compatibility for field compaction control. This paper presents a time- and cost-effective method to predict standard Proctor compaction characteristics of non-gravel and gravelly soils using a proposed small apparatus. This small apparatus is similar to the standard Proctor apparatus and easily introduced into soil mechanics laboratory. A comparison of the compaction characteristics of non-gravel soils measured from the proposed small apparatus and from the standard Proctor apparatus shows that this small apparatus can be used as an alternative to the standard Proctor apparatus and regarded as a practical tool for non-gravel soils. For gravelly soils, gravel content mainly controls compaction energy transmitted to the fine fraction and hence its compaction characteristics. A relationship between the generalized optimum water content of the fine fraction in the gravelly soil and the gravel content is established. This relationship leads to an effective method of predicting standard Proctor compaction characteristics of gravelly soils compacted in standard molds using compaction results from the proposed small apparatus. Comparisons between the predicted and the measured compaction characteristics are in very good agreement.
Cited by 9
ANALISIS DERAJAT KEPADATAN TANAH PADA LAPISANSUBGRADE DENGAN ALAT UJI PRESSURE METHOD
Fazri Hilman · 2018
Pemadatan tanah merupakan salah satu pekerjaan penting dalam setiap proyek perkerasan jalan. Pemadatan tanah berfungsi untuk meningkatkan kekuatan tanah yang memberikan daya dukung kepada lapisan jalan di atasnya, serta juga berfungsi untuk mengurangin besar penurunan tanah yang tidak diinginkan. Dalam setiap pemadatan tanah diperlukan kadar air optimum untuk mencapai kepadatan maksimum yang dapat diketahui dengan uji proctor . Uji proctor yang masih manual dalam pemberian bebannya mengakibatkan membutuhkan tenaga manusia yang cukup besar dalam penggunaannya. Pada penelitian ini membandingkan alat uji proctor baik standart maupun modified yang masih menggunakan metode impact dengan alat tekan modifikasi yang sudah menggunakan metode pressure dengan tujuan mempermudah proses pengujian pemadatan tanah dengan tujuan mendapatkan berat volume kering maksimum dan kadar air optimum. Bahan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu berupa sampel tanah yang berlokasi di Jl. Tirtayasa Kec. Sukabumi, Bandar Lampung. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil pemadatan menggunakan alat uji proctor dan pemadatan menggunakan alat tekan modifikasi dengan metode pressure dengan 3 kuat tekan yaitu 5, 10, dan 15 MPa dengan 3 dan 5 lapisan tanah. Hasil pemadatan menggunakan standard proctor didapatkan γdmaks sebesar 1,47 gr/cm3 sedangkan hasil pemadatan menggunakan modified proctor didapatkan γdmaks sebesar 1,61 gr/cm3. Kata kunci : alat tekan pemadat modifikasi, proctor modified, standard proctor, perbandingan, pressure method. ABSTRACT Soil compaction is one of the most important jobs in any road pavement project. The porpoise of soil compaction is to increase the strength of the soil that provides carrying capacity to the lining of the road above it, and also serves to reduce the size of the undesired soil. In any soil compaction the optimum water content is required to achieve the maximum density which can be known by the proctor test. Proctor tests that still use manual human power in giving the load result in requiring considerable human labor in its use. In this study comparing standard and modified proctor test equipment that still use the impact method with a modified press tool that has used a pressure method with the aim of facilitating the soil compaction testing process to get the result of the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. The material that used in this research is picked from Jl. Tirtayasa Kecamatan Sukabumi, Bandar Lampung. The test was carried out by comparing the results of compaction using a proctor test and compaction using a modified press tool with a pressure method with 3 compressive strengths which is 5, 10, and 15 MPa with 3 and 5 layers of soil. The results of compaction using standard proctor obtained γdmax amounted to 1.47 gr/cm3 while the results of compaction using modofied proctor obtained, γdmax amounted to 1.61 g /cm3. Keywords: modified compactor press tool, modified proctor, standard proctor, comparison, pressure method.
Cited by 0
Maximum relative density of clean sand as a function of median grain size and compaction energy
Patra, C.R., Sivakugan, N., Das, B.M. et al. · ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) · 2011
For granular soils with less than 12% fines, relative density (Dr) is probably a better indicator for end product compaction specification than relative compaction. Relative density is a function of maximum (emax), minimum (emin), and in-situ (e) void ratios of the soils. Past investigators have shown that emax-emin can be correlated with the median grain size (D50). With that background, laboratory compaction tests were conducted on 55 clean sand samples (percent on fines ≤5%). The compaction tests consisted of standard Proctor, reduced standard Proctor, modified Proctor, and reduced modified Proctor tests. The energy of compaction was thus varied from 360 kN-m-m3 to 2700 kN-m-m3. Based on the laboratory test results, the relative densities of compaction at maximum dry unit weight have been detennined. These relative densities have been correlated with the median grain size (D50) and energy of compaction (E).
Cited by 0
Assessment of the Hydraulic Characteristics of Aggregate-Expanded Polystyrene Beads Composite Using Enhanced Standard Proctor Compaction Test Configuration
Shahab Alizadeh Nik, Reza Jamshidi Chenari, Elmira Khaksar Najafi et al. · Iranian Journal of Science and Technology Transactions of Civil Engineering · 2022
Cited by 11
STUDI PERBANDINGAN PEMADATAN TANAH STANDAR PROCTOR DAN MODIFIED PROCTOR MENGGUNAKAN CETAKAN (MOLD) SILINDER DAN KUBUS UNTUK TANAH BERBUTIR HALUS
Syahri Abdul Rahman, 1415011136 · Digilib Repository Unila (Lampung University) · 2021
Tanah adalah setiap partikel mineral yang tidak padat atau sedikit padat yang terbentuk dari pelapukan batuan, yang mempunyai ruang kosong antar partikel yang diisi dengan air dan/atau udara (Craig, 1974). Menurut SNI 03- 1743- 1989, Pengujian pemadatan tanah dengan metode pemadatan laboratorium menggunakan empat metode dengan empat mold yang memiliki diameter yang berbeda. Rumusan masalah yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah hasil pengujian pemadatan tanah akan sama jika mold yang biasa digunakan berbentuk silinder berubah menjadi bentuk kubus. penelitian ini meliputi perbandingan hasil uji pemadatan tanah Standart Proctor dan Modified Proctor baik menggunakan alat penumbuh manual maupun alat pemadat modifikasi. diketahui bahwa pada pemadatan tanah standard proctor metode tumbukan, koreksi kadar air sebesar 100%. Sedangkan koreksi berat volume kering sebesar 99,58%. pada pemadatan tanah modified proctor metode tumbukan, koreksi kadar air sebesar 93,29%. Sedangkan koreksi berat volume kering sebesar 98,81%. pada pemadatan tanah modified proctor metode tekanan, koreksi kadar air sebesar 99,03%. Sedangkan koreksi berat volume kering sebesar 99,27%. Pada pemadatan tanah modified proctor metode tekanan, koreksi kadar air sebesar 96,07%. Sedangkan koreksi berat volume kering sebesar 98,60%. \nKata Kunci : Pemadatan Tanah, Standard Proctor, Modified Proctor, Pressure Method, \n \n \nSoil is any uncemented or weakly cemented accumulation of mineral particles formed by the weathering of rocks, the void space between the particles containing water and/or air (Craig, 1974). According to SNI 03- 1743- 1989, soil compaction test with laboratory compaction method, using four methods with four molds which is different diameter. The formulation of this research problem is whether the test result of soil compaction is same if the mold that usually use cylindrical shape turned into cube shape. This research includes comparison of standard proctor and modified proctor soil compaction result either using manual rammers or a modified compactor. it is known that the standard proctor soil compaction of the collision method, the moisture content correction is 100%. Meanwhile, the correction of dry volume weight is 99,58%. In modified proctor soil compaction of collision method, the moisture content correction is 93,29%. Meanwhile , the correction of dry volume weight is 98,81%. In standard proctor soil compaction of the pressure method, the moisture content correction is 99,03%. Meanwhile the correction of dry volume weight is 99,27%. In modified proctor soil compaction of the pressure method, the moisture content correction is 96,07%. Meanwhile the correction dry volume weight is 98,60%. \n \nKeywords : Soil Compaction, Standard Proctor, Modified Proctor, Pressure Method, \n
Cited by 0
Subgrade Design Parameters from Samples Prepared with Different Compaction Methods
Kyungbook Lee, Mônica Prezzi, Namju J. Kim · Journal of Transportation Engineering · 2007
The standard and modified Proctor compaction tests have been widely used for evaluation of design properties and compaction characteristics of subgrade soils. However, different types of compaction roller equipment, each producing a different level of soil compaction, are used in the field for compaction of subgrade soils. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the design properties of compacted subgrade soils using the gyratory compactor made by Servopac to simulate field compaction conditions. Field compaction data were collected from a road construction site in Pusan, Korea. After compaction of the subgrade soil in the field using a vibratory roller was concluded, block samples of the subgrade material were collected. Disturbed soil samples were collected for preparation of specimens in the laboratory using the Proctor compaction and gyratory compaction methods. Unconfined compression test results show that the peak strength, cohesion, and elastic modulus values of the specimens prepared from the field block samples and that of the specimens prepared using the Superpave gyratory compactor with a 600kPa vertical pressure are similar. On the other hand, much higher values were obtained for these quantities for the laboratory specimens prepared using the modified Proctor method. Our test results indicate that the evaluation of design properties of subgrade soils based solely on the Proctor compaction tests may not be appropriate.
Cited by 15
PERBANDINGAN NILAI DERAJAT KEPADATAN TANAH METODE \nSTANDARD PROCTOR DENGAN ALAT UJI TEKAN MODIFIKASI DAN \n \nUJI SAND CONE DI LAPANGAN
NOVAN ADENORA, 1415011112 · Digilib Repository Unila (Lampung University) · 2021
Semakin meningkatnya teknologi dalam bidang uji pemadatan tanah, \nmenginspirasi para peniliti untuk membuat prototipe alat uji tekan termodifikasi \nyang dapat diatur tekanannya. alat ini beroperasi dengan memasukkan nilai kadar \nair optimum yang diperoleh dari hasil uji pemadatan standard proctor. Nilai kadar \nair tersebut kemudian digunakan untuk menguji sampel dengan variasi tekanan \nsebesar 5 MPa, 10 MPa, dan 15 MPa. \nTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan uji pemadatan tanah \ndengan menggunakan metode standard proctor dan uji pemadatan dengan metode \nalat tekan modifikasi, serta uji sand cone dilapangan untuk mendapatkan nilai \nderajat kepadatan tanah. Pada uji pemadatan dengan metode standard proctor \ndiperoleh berat volume kering maksimum sebesar 1,42 gr/cm3 \n \ndan nilai kadar air \noptimum sebesar 25,80 %. Untuk hasil uji pemadatan tanah yang menggunakan \nmetode tekan termodifikasi, diperoleh nilai berat volume kering pada tekanan 15 \nMPa sebesar 1,58 gr/cm3 \n \n. Nilai derajat kepadatan tanah dari uji sand cone \n(standard proctor) adalah 77,8 %, kemudian dari uji sand cone (5 MPa) diperoleh \nnilai 71,74 %, kemudian dari uji sand cone (10 MPa) diperoleh nilai 71,07 %, \nkemudian dari uji sand cone (15 MPa) diperoleh nilai 69,89 %. Kesimpulan nilai \nderajat kepadatan tanah dari uji sand cone dengan metode standard proctor dan \nmetode alat uji tekan modifikasi terdapat selisih dengan rentang antara 7,78 % \nsampai 10,2 %. \nKata kunci : Pemadatan Standard Proctor, Pemadatan dengan Alat Tekan \n \nModifikasi, Sand Cone. \n \nThe increasing technology in the field of soil compaction testing has \ninspired researchers to create prototypes of modified pressure test equipment that \ncan be adjusted. This tool operates by entering the optimum moisture content value \nobtained from the results of the standard proctor compaction test . The water \ncontent value was then used to test samples with pressure variations of 5 MPa, 10 \nMPa, and 15 MPa. \nThe purpose of this study was to compare the soil compaction test using \nthe standard proctor method and the compaction test using the modified press \nmethod, as well as the sand cone test in the field to get the value of the degree of \nsoil density. In the compaction test using the standard proctor method , the \nmaximum dry volume weight was 1.42 g/cm 3 and the optimum water content value \nwas 25.80 %. For the results of the soil compaction test using the modified \ncompression method, the dry volume weight value at a pressure of 15 MPa was \n1.58 gr/cm 3 \n \n. The value of the degree of soil density from the sand cone test \n( standard proctor) is 77.8%, then from the sand cone test (5 MPa) the value is \n71.74%, then from the sand cone test (10 MPa) the value is 71.07%, then from the \nsand cone test (15 MPa) the value is 69 ,89%. In conclusion, the value of the \ndegree of soil density from the sand cone test with the standard proctor method \nand the modified compression test method has a difference in the range between \n7.78% to 10.2%. \nKeywords: Standard Proctor Compaction, Compaction with Modified Press \n \nTool, Sand Cone .
Cited by 0
The static compaction of soils
B. V. Venkatarama Reddy, K. S. Jagadish · Géotechnique · 1993
This paper describes a new called the compaction test for soils. This is based on the variable peak stress-constant stroke compaction process. Although this does not lend itself to a constant energy impact compaction, an attempt has been made to derive the energy input OMC (optimum moisture content) relationship indirectly. Drawbacks of standard compaction tests are outlined, and a case is made for a static compaction in which the energy input per unit volume can be easily varied. The concept and objectives of the new static compaction are outlined and the procedure described. Results are presented graphically and compared with results using the Proctor compaction test. A difference is found due to the lack of a consolidation phase in the Proctor test. The use of static compaction results using the relationship between optimum moisture content and energy input is discussed.
Cited by 109
Evaluation of the Compaction Characteristics of Untreated and Treated Red Mud
Narala Gangadhara Reddy, B. Hanumantha Rao · Geo-Chicago 2016 · 2016
This paper focuses on evaluating the compaction characteristics of untreated and treated red mud waste in a comprehensive way. Chemical solutions such as NaCl and HCl were used to treat the red mud waste. A series of standard Proctor (SP) and modified Proctor (MP) compaction tests were conducted on identical samples of (a) untreated and (b) NaCl and HCl treated samples. It has been observed that among standard Proctor and modified Proctor test, the latter one yields reproducible compaction curves especially on untreated red mud waste. The results also showed significant variations in the value of maximum dry density and optimum water content between NaCl and HCl treated samples. Further, it has also been found that compaction energy can considerably influence the density characteristics of the red mud waste.
Cited by 23
MOISTURE-DENSITY RELATION (COMPACTION) TEST
Prof Krishna Reddy · 2015
This laboratory test is performed to determine the relationship between the moisture content and the dry density of a soil for a specified compactive effort. The compactive effort is the amount of mechanical energy that is applied to the soil mass. Several different methods are used to compact soil in the field, and some examples include tamping, kneading, vibration, and static load compaction. This laboratory will employ the tamping or impact compaction method using the type of equipment and methodology developed by R. R. Proctor in 1933, therefore, the test is also known as the Proctor test. Two types of compaction tests are routinely performed: (1) The Standard Proctor Test, and (2) The Modified Proctor Test. Each of these tests can be performed in three different methods as outlined in the attached Table 1. In the Standard Proctor Test, the soil is compacted by a 5.5 lb hammer falling a distance of one foot into a soil filled mold. The mold is filled with three equal layers of soil, and each layer is subjected to 25 drops of the hammer. The Modified Proctor Test is identical to the Standard Proctor Test except it employs, a 10 lb hammer falling a distance of 18 inches, and uses five equal layers of soil instead of three. There are two types of compaction molds used for testing. The smaller type is 4 inches in diameter and has a volume of about 1/30 ft3 (944 cm3), and the larger type is 6 inches in diameter and has a volume of about 1/13.333 ft3 (2123 cm3). If the larger mold is used each soil layer must receive 56 blows instead of 25 (See Table 1).
Cited by 0
Mini Compaction Test Apparatus for Fine Grained Soils
A. Sridharan, P. V. Sivapullaiah · Geotechnical Testing Journal · 2005
Abstract The standard and modified Proctor compaction tests are devised to establish dry unit weight-water content relationships for a soil under controlled conditions, such as compactive effort, water content, etc. This paper presents a mini compaction apparatus primarily for use in fine grained soils, which requires only about 1/10th volume of soil needed for the standard and modified Proctor test. Additionally, the time and effort involved in carrying out the compaction test is much less. Also, the compacted soil sample, after trimming, can be used for strength tests.
Cited by 233