Wolfgang A. Halang, Alexander D. Stoyenko · Medical Entomology and Zoology · 2013
NATO's Division of Scientific and Environmental Affairs sponsored this Advan- ced Study Institute because it was felt to be timely to cover this important and challengjng subject for the first time in the framework of NATO's ASI programme. The significance of real-time systems in everyones' life is rapidly growing. The vast spectrum of these systems can be characterised by just a few examples of increasing complexity: controllers in washing machines, air traffic control systems, control and safety systems of nuclear power plants and, finally, future military systems like the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). The import- ance of such systems for the well-being of people requires considerable efforts in research and development of highly reliable real-time systems. Furthermore, the competitiveness and prosperity of entire nations now depend on the early app- lication and efficient utilisation of computer integrated manufacturing systems (CIM), of which real-time systems are an essential and decisive part. Owing to its key significance in computerised defence systems, real-time computing has also a special importance for the Alliance. The early research and development activities in this field in the 1960s and 1970s aimed towards improving the then unsatisfactory software situation. Thus, the first high-level real-time languages were defined and developed: RTL/2, Coral 66, Procol, LTR, and PEARL. In close connection with these language develop- ments and with the utilisation of special purpose process control peripherals, the research on real-time operating systems advanced considerably.
Cited by 9Open access
Mathai Joseph · Cambridge University Press eBooks · 1996
Real-time computing has been the domain of the practical systems engineer for many decades. It is only comparatively recently that very much attention has been directed to its theoretical study. Using methods originally developed for use in operations research and optimization, scheduling theory has been used to analyse characteristic timing problems in the sharing of resources in real-time computing systems. Independently of this, specification and verification techniques used in sequential and concurrent programming have been extended to allow definition of the timing properties of programs. In terms of effectiveness, the two approaches are still limited and experimental, and neither on its own can yet be used to provide an exact timing analysis or to verify the timing properties of even modestly complex real-time programs of practical size. But if restricted classes of program are considered, they are rapidly approaching the point of practical usefulness. This suggests that the development of a discipline of real-time programming would allow the construction of programs with analyzable and verifiable timing properties. Such a discipline will need to be built upon on a well integrated framework in which different methods are used where appropriate to obtain timing properties to which a high level of assurance can be attached.
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Maryline Chetto, Audrey Queudet · Elsevier eBooks · 2016
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NATO ASI series. Series F : Computer and system sciences · 1994
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John A. Stankovic · 2024
Real-time computing is currently undergoing a revival. Many new and exciting applications are being developed, there is a wealth of new research results being produced, and the community of real-time experts is growing at a rapid pace. This revival is largely due to the demand for sophisticated real-time systems, such as space exploration, systems involving robots, and some systems involving expert systems programs [ 1 ]. Some common examples of real-time systems are command and control systems, process control systems, automated manufacturing, flight control systems, avionics, the space station, space-based defense systems such as SDI, visions and robotics, and teams of robots working in hazardous environments. More detailed accounts of these types of demanding applications can be found elsewhere [ 1-6 ].
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Professor John, John A. Stankovic · 1992
this article it is sufficient to take a simplistic view of predictability. Consider that predictability means that when a task or set of tasks is activated it should be possible to determine its completion time subject to failure assumptions. This must be done taking into account the state of the system (including the state of the operating system and the state of the resources controlled by the operating system) and the tasks' resource needs. In summary, real-time systems differ from traditional systems in that deadlines or other explicit timing constraints are attached to tasks, the systems are in a position to make compromises, and faults including timing faults may cause catastrophic consequences. This implies that, unlike many systems where there is a separation between correctness and performance, in real--time systems correctness and performance are very tightly interrelated. 2 Characterizing Real-Time Systems
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Morio Onoe, Kendall Preston, Azriel Rosenfeld · 1981
This book is concerned with the aspects of real-time, parallel computing which are specific to the analysis of digitized images including both the symbolic and semantic data derived from such images.
Cited by 34Open access
Author(s S. Altmeyer · 2016
Copyright It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content licence (like
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John A. Stankovic · 2002
This paper outlines the key areas of research in distributed real-time systems that are being investigated within the Spring Project at the University of Massachusetts. This includes reflective, multiprocessor operating systems, dynamic guarantees, adaptive flow, control filters, adaptive fault tolerance, architecture support, and active real-time databases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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Giorgio Buttazzo · CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies) · 2006
82 - Automazione e Strumentazione - Febbraio 2007 Most of today’s control systems are implemented in software and often require the concurrent execution of several periodic and aperiodic activities interacting through a set of shared resources (typically consisting of memory buffers storing global data). In a modular design, each sensory acquisition activity is normally associated with a periodic task that gets data from the sensory board and puts them into a shared memory buffer. Control activities are also implemented as periodic tasks that read data from buffers, compute the output values of the control variables and put the results in other buffers, used by device drivers to actually drive the actuators. In some cases, especially when the system is based on a hierarchial architecture, control and acquisition activities are required to run at different rates.
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Nitesh Kumar Jangid · 2011
With the development of parallel computing, distributed computing, grid computing, a new computing model appeared. The concept of computing comes from grid, public computing and SaaS. The vision of cloud computing is to reduce the cost of computing, increase reliability, and increase flexibility by transforming computers from something that we buy and operate ourselves to something that is operated by a third party. Real-time application distinguishes itself from general-purpose application by imposing time restrictions on parts of the runtime behavior. Such restrictions are typically placed on sections of the application such as an interrupt handler, where the code responding to the interrupt must complete its work in a given time period. It is possible to realize a Real Time Cloud Computing where applications in cloud will respond within a specified time frame. If some Real Time Clouds will be developed then it may be possible to manage a disaster sites more efficiently with more intelligent robots that ever before, help hospitals to cure their critical patients within specified time frame, etc.
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Emanuele Di Saverio, Marco Cesati, Christian Di Biagio et al. · 2008
Abstract. Modern parallel and distributed computing solutions are often built onto a “middleware ” software layer providing a higher and common level of service between computational nodes. Harness is an adaptable, plugin-based middleware framework for parallel and distributed computing. This paper reports recent research and development results of using Harness for real-time distributed computing applications in the context of an industrial environment with the needs to perform several safety critical tasks. The presented work exploits the modular architecture of Harness in conjunction with a lightweight threaded implementation to resolve several real-time issues by adding three new Harness plug-ins to provide a prioritized lightweight execution environment, low latency communication facilities, and local timestamped event logging.
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Borko Furht, Dan Grostick, David P. Gluch et al. · Kluwer international series in engineering and computer science · 1991
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Jan Vítek · 2011
No abstract available.
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Giorgio Audrito, Ferruccio Damiani, Gianluca Torta · Lecture notes in computer science · 2024
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J.K. Strosnider, R. P. Bianchini · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · 1991
The research effort this year focused in four major areas. (1) Developing schedulable fault recovery strategies that guarantee minimum interference with fault free tasks, and graceful degradation; (2) Developing analytical techniques that support quantitative analysis of computer architectures for fault-tolerant computation; (3) Investigating how intelligent integrated agents can enhance distributed system' dependability; and (4) Developing network diagnostic strategies with provable timing properties. The project members are also concerned with the transition of the theory being developed to the user community, especially the U.S. Navy. For this reason, project members have a close relationship with the RTSIA (Real-Time Scheduling in Ada) project in the CMU Software Engineering Institute, and Distributed Combat Control Project at Naval Ocean Systems Center in San Diego.
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Giorgio Buttazzo · 2023
This textbook explains concepts and algorithms to understand and design safety–critical software for time-sensitive systems and implement in real-time.
Cited by 35Open access
Ralf Klamma · Computer · 2015
Near-real-time communication and interaction technologies enable almost seamless collaboration via the Web and could usher in a new era of social computing.
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Edward A. Lee, Yang Zhao · Lecture notes in computer science · 2007
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Jan Vítek · 2012
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