Mohammad Dehghani-Habibabadi (14609167), Klaus Pawelzik (477777) · Figshare · 2023
<p><b>(A)</b> Removing spikes. <b>(B)</b> Increasing firing rates. <b>(C)</b> Jitter noise. Patterns durations are 50, 100, and 300 ms, shown in afferents starting from 500 milliseconds. This figure is based on an average of 500 simulations, in which there are 500 afferents, the length of the training epoch is 1000 ms, and <i>r</i><sub>0</sub> = 2 Hz.</p>
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Yuran Chen (6709880), Qian Huang (127640), Qiaoyun Zhang (11677849) · Figshare · 2024
<div><p>This paper investigates the impact of digital inclusive financial development on local government expenditure incentives at the income level. It does so by constructing a multi-level government Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model that incorporates the financial sector. By employing empirical methods that involve uncertainty shocks and counterfactual simulations, the research yields several key findings. Firstly, the development of digital inclusive finance contributes to breaking down the urban-rural dual financial structure, thus facilitating balanced economic development within regions. Secondly, it reduces the proportion of financially excluded areas, accelerates fiscal decentralization, leading to an increase in local government fiscal revenue, and, consequently, an expansion of local fiscal expenditures. Thirdly, at a certain stage of digital inclusive finance development, it tends to crowd out residents’ investment and consumption. Therefore, the decentralization of fiscal power and the expansion of local government expenditure at this stage may paradoxically inhibit regional economic growth. The study’s conclusions validate the significant impact of digital inclusive finance on local government incentives at the income level.</p></div>
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Umesh Srinivasan (313713), Suhel Quader (177275) · Figshare · 2015
<p>The relationship between parameter values and the proportion of predicted flock compositions on changing the values of (A) proportion of time spent by a solitary individual in avoiding predators (<i>t<sub>0</sub></i>), (B) instantaneous probability of an encountered prey item being flushed, and (<i>p<sub>g</sub></i>) (C) the ‘vigilance factor’ (<i>v</i>), which is a measure of how much better a sallier is than a gleaner in detecting predators. Example values of the parameters are shown. In each case, apart from the parameter value being tested, values of the other parameters were set as: <i>k<sub>g</sub></i> = 25, <i>k<sub>s</sub></i> = 25, <i>p<sub>g</sub></i> = 0.01, <i>v</i> = 5, <i>t<sub>0</sub></i> = 0.2, <i>h<sub>g</sub></i> = 1, <i>h<sub>s</sub></i> = 2.</p>
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Lämsä Jarkko, Kaksonen Rauli, Kortti Heikki · 2008
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Duncan Taylor · 2023
Chapter 8 deals with methods to test the robustness of an evaluation. This chapter covers the important concepts of how to carry out sensitivity analyses in order to interrogate the soundness of the Bayesian network architecture, the assumptions made during the evaluation and the data used to inform probability assignments. Chapter 8 provides methods for carrying out sensitivity analyses that range from very simple (such as changing the value of one assigned probability) to more complex (simulated resampling of modelled data) and so provides instructions for laboratories operating at all levels of experience.
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Samer Hanna · Durham e-Theses (Durham University) · 2008
Web services are a new paradigm for building software applications that has many advantages over the previous paradigms; however, Web Services are still not widely used because Service Requesters do not trust services that were built by others. Testing can assuage this problem because it can be used to assess the quality attributes of Web Services. This thesis proposes a framework and presents a proof of concept tool that can be used to test the robustness and other related attributes of a Web Service. The tool can be easily enhanced to assess other quality attributes. The framework is based on analyzing Web Services Description Language (WSDL) documents of Web Services to find what faults could affect the robustness quality attributes. After that using these faults to build test case generation rules to assess the robustness quality attribute of Web Services. This framework will give a better understanding of the faults that may affect the robustness quality attribute of Web Services, how these faults are related to the interface or the contract of a Web Service under test, and what testing techniques can be used to detect such faults. The approach used in this thesis for building test cases for Web Services was used with many examples in order to demonstrate its effectiveness; these examples have shown that the approach and the proof of concept tool are able to assess the robustness of Web Services implementation and Web Services platforms. Four hundred and two test clients were automatically built by the tool, based on the test cases rules, to assess the robustness of these Web Services examples. These test clients detected eleven robustness failures in the Web Services implementations and nine robustness failures in the Web Services platforms. Also the approach was able to help in comparing the robustness of two different Web Services platforms, namely Axis and GLUE. After deploying the same Web Services in both of these platforms; Axis showed less robustness and security failures than GLUE.
Cited by 1Open access
Sui Tian (20183314), Yiran He (15372585) · Figshare · 2025
<div> With the outbreak of the global public health crisis in 2019, enhancing the resilience of regional economies has become the current focal point. Existing studies have mostly focused on the region itself, lacking exploration of regional economic resilience from the aspects of dynamics, multiple perspectives, and multidimensional integration. At the same time, the digital industry, as an emerging sector, should not only consider its impact on economic development itself, but also focus on whether it can continuously and effectively enhance the level of regional economic resilience, in order to cope with crises that may arise at any time. Therefore, through empirical methods, we conducted a detailed study of the spatial correlation and internal driving factors between the digital industry and regional economic resilience, aiming to build a more valuable theoretical framework based on existing research findings and explore a regional resilience development strategy centered around the digital industry. This paper, combining conclusions and methods from existing literature, attempts to expand the definition of regional economic resilience, evaluation index system, and the relationship with the digital industry from the perspective of evolutionary economic geography. This article empirically examines data from 30 provinces in China from 2014 to 2022 (excluding Tibet, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan due to lack of data). Firstly, this paper employs a two-way fixed effects model to examine the direct relationship between digital industry development and regional economic resilience. The research results indicate that the development of the digital industry can effectively enhance regional economic resilience. Secondly, the role of spatial location, as an important aspect of evolutionary economic geography, is also considered in this paper. The spatial Durbin model is used to discover spatial spillover effects of digital industry development on regional economic resilience under different spatial location relationships. Finally, this paper considers environmental regulations as a threshold variable to study the impact of the digital industry on regional economic resilience under different levels of environmental regulation. The results indicate that when the degree of environmental regulation is less than 0.0011, the digital industry can more effectively empower the enhancement of regional economic resilience levels. In conclusion, this paper finds that while emphasizing the role of the digital industry in the resilient development of regional economies, it is also essential to promote regional cooperation for mutual benefit and win-win results. This will accelerate the transformation of digital enterprises, optimize industrial structures, and achieve green development. </div>
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Patryk Szewczyk, Craig Valli · Australasian Journal of Paramedicine · 2006
Consumers require personal firewalls that are highly secure, easy to use, configurable and uptodate with the latest signatures to detect malicious network activity. Robustness tests were performed on a selection of the ten most popular firewalls by market share. The test system used was a vanilla installation of Windows XP with SP2 and all the most recent updates and patches. Each firewall was installed with its default configuration following the didactic instructions given by the firewall. The investigation was carried out by performing an installation, penetration, performance and update test. A third party bitTorrent application was also installed mimicking a home installation of a download application. The Comodo Personal Firewall out performed all the firewalls which were tested including the highly popular ISS Blackice and Zonelabs ZoneAlarm. The results identified that a third party application has a significant impact on the number of vulnerabilities present within the test system.
Cited by 1Open access
Bieke Dejaegher, Yvan Vander Heyden · Journal of Chromatography A · 2007
Cited by 218
Deborah Katz, Milda Zizyte, Casidhe Hutchison et al. · 2020
Robustness testing is an important technique to reveal defects and vulnerabilities in software, especially software for Unmanned Autonomous Systems (UAS). We present Robustness Inside Out Testing (RIOT) as a technique directed at finding failures in autonomy systems that are able to be activated from external interfaces. The technique consists of four main steps: unit-level robustness testing, generalization, permeability analysis, and activation. Each of these steps yields a valuable deliverable in the testing process, and, when applied in succession, expands a unit-level bug to an external interface. RIOT has the following advantages over traditional robustness testing: it finds faults faster, it can find faults missed by traditional approaches, it identifies faults that can be triggered from inputs at an external interface, and it produces useful artifacts to aid in fault diagnosis and repair. In this paper, we outline each step of the RIOT process and provide an example of RIOT finding a bug on a real system that would not have been discovered using existing techniques.
Cited by 7
Shaowei Sun (13392160), Mingzhou Liu (11576333) · Figshare · 2025
<div> This paper presents a novel framework for detecting and predicting abnormal traffic events on highways. Current traffic monitoring systems often rely on single data sources, which limits their detection accuracy and robustness in complex environments. To address these limitations, we propose a framework based on multimodal deep fusion and heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs), incorporating an Ensemble Contrastive Pessimistic Likelihood Estimation (CPLE) algorithm to optimize performance. The framework integrates static and dynamic traffic data, such as video images, traffic flow, vehicle speed, and tunnel weather conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that the model performs well in various scenarios, showing significant improvement in accuracy and stability over existing models like AGC-LSTM and AttentionDeepST. For instance, the proposed MHGNN-CPLE model achieves superior accuracy and F1 score in static detection tasks while maintaining high accuracy under different noise levels in dynamic detection scenarios. This study provides a significant advancement in traffic event analysis by effectively combining multimodal data and leveraging HGNNs to capture complex spatiotemporal dependencies. </div>
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Bieke Dejaegher · 2007
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Li ZJ(李长军), M. R. Luo · SIA OpenIR (Chinese Academy of Sciences) · 2005
CIE TC8-01 has adopted a new color appearance model: CIECAM021 replaces the CIECAM97s.2 The new model consists of a number of refinements and simplifications of the CIECAM97s color appearance model. This article describes further tests to the robustness of the forward and reverse modes.
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Xiaodan Li (132227), Yunci Guo (21578231), Zhen Liu (74646) et al. · Figshare · 2025
<div> The acceleration of global urbanization and the rapid growth of urban populations have intensified the complexity and urgency of parking demand. In megacities with limited land resources, efficiently addressing diverse parking needs has become a critical issue for sustainable urban development. Multi-objective optimization methods are widely applied to tackle such challenges, providing decision-makers with a set of optimal solutions that balance multiple objectives. However, existing studies often lack quantitative analyses of the relationships among these solutions, limiting their applicability in accommodating decision-makers with varying preferences. This study focuses on Jing’an District in Shanghai, a representative region of a Chinese megacity, to address this global issue. Based on real-world data, a multi-objective optimization model is constructed considering convenience, coverage, and cost-efficiency. The model is solved using an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), which dynamically adjusts crossover and mutation rates. Furthermore, the Pareto solution set is quantitatively analyzed from a cost-benefit perspective by integrating marginal benefit theory. This approach provides robust support for decision-makers seeking an optimal balance between cost and benefit, offering scenario-specific strategies. The findings of this study not only present an innovative, systematic, and flexible solution to the “parking dilemma” in high-density residential areas but also provide practical guidance and insights for other large cities in the planning and implementation of smart underground parking facilities. </div>
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Florian Dyck, Cedric Richter, Heike Wehrheim · Lecture notes in computer science · 2023
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Casidhe Hutchison, Milda Zizyte, Patrick E. Lanigan et al. · 2018
As robotic and autonomy systems become progressively more present in industrial and human-interactive applications, it is increasingly critical for them to behave safely in the presence of unexpected inputs. While robustness testing for traditional software systems is long-studied, robustness testing for autonomy systems is relatively uncharted territory. In our role as engineers, testers, and researchers we have observed that autonomy systems are importantly different from traditional systems, requiring novel approaches to effectively test them. We present Automated Stress Testing for Autonomy Architectures (ASTAA), a system that effectively, automatically robustness tests autonomy systems by building on classic principles, with important innovations to support this new domain. Over five years, we have used ASTAA to test 17 real-world autonomy systems, robots, and robotics-oriented libraries, across commercial and academic applications, discovering hundreds of bugs. We outline the ASTAA approach and analyze more than 150 bugs we found in real systems. We discuss what we discovered about testing autonomy systems, specifically focusing on how doing so differs from and is similar to traditional software robustness testing and other high-level lessons.
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Mahendra Mariadassou, Avner Bar‐Hen, Hirohisa Kishino · Elsevier eBooks · 2019
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Bieke Dejaegher · VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) · 2007
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Vander Heyden Yvan · VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) · 1998
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Chengfu Fan (22001658), Shoujiu Xiong (22001661), Fei Zhou (86034) · Figshare · 2025
<div> This paper proposes a multi-path effect analysis model for major economies in the global trade network based on the MH-DP Transformer architecture. The global trade network comprises interconnected nodes, with interactions among major economies (China, the US, Japan, and Europe) being crucial. A trade network model with four regional nodes and their connections is established to simulate trade flow propagation and capture the nonlinear feedback mechanism through an iterative process. The experimental results demonstrate that trade volume changes exhibit significant nonlinear trends, and mutual influences between economies produce strong cascading effects. For instance, China experiences significant fluctuations when interacting with the US and Europe, while Europe shows strong chain reactions with Japan. The model outperforms other comparative models, achieving the best path prediction accuracy (82.5%) and convergence speed, effectively capturing nonlinear effects. Furthermore, the paper uses 3D charts and heat maps to visualize global trade flow changes, offering a quantitative perspective on understanding the complexity of global trade interactions. The experimental results validate the model’s strong ability to analyze multi-path effects and dynamic chain reactions in global trade networks, providing a powerful tool for future economic policy formulation and interactive prediction in regional economic integration. </div>
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