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About 4,394 papers for “Security token”

Security Token

Sushil Jajodia, Pierangela Samarati, Moti Yung · 2025

Cited by 0

Security Token

Henk C. A. van Tilborg, Sushil Jajodia · 2011

Cited by 0

Security Token Offerings

World Bank · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics

Finance and Financial Sector Development-E-Finance and E-Security Finance and Financial Sector Development-Currencies and Exchange Rates Finance and Financial Sector Development-Financial Regulation & Supervision

Cited by 0

Non-fungible token security

Peter Mell, Dylan Yaga · 2024

Non-fungible token (NFT) technology provides a mechanism to enable real assets (both virtual and physical) to be sold and exchanged on a blockchain. While NFTs are most often used for autographing digital assets (associating one’s name with a digital object), they utilize a strong cryptographic foundation that may enable them to regularly support ownership-transferring sales of digital and physical objects. For this, NFT implementations need to address potential security concerns to reduce the risk to purchasers. This publication explains NFT technology and then identifies and discusses a list of 27 potential security issues. All of the identified issues can be addressed through use of a systematic security approach that promotes a secure design and implementation.

Cited by 2Open access

Non-Fungible Token Security

Peter Mell · 2023

Non-fungible token (NFT) technology provides a mechanism to enable real assets (both virtual and physical) to be sold and exchanged on a blockchain.While NFTs are most often used for autographing digital assets (associating one's name with a digital object), they utilize a strong cryptographic foundation that may enable them to regularly support ownership-transferring sales of digital and physical objects.For this, NFT implementations need to address potential security concerns to reduce the risk to purchasers.This publication explains NFT technology and then identifies and discusses a list of 27 potential security issues.All of the identified issues can be addressed through use of a systematic security approach that promotes a secure design and implementation.

Cited by 1Open access

Figure 1. Security Token

Paul J. Leach, Chris Kaler, Blair Dillaway et al. · 2015

This paper describes a conceptual authorization model for Web Services. It is an adaptation of those of Taos [Lamp92] and SDSI [Lamp96] with terms changed to correspond more closely to those introduced with the WS-Security model [WS02]. In contrast to the more formal and mathematical presentation used for Taos and SDSI, this presentation is conceptual and informal, which hopefully may provide more intuition for some readers; it also might provide an outline for the class hierarchy of an object-oriented implementation. In addition, this model abstracts away from issues of distribution and network security such as authentication [Need78] and encryption (for example, by assuming that messages include the unforgeable identity of the sender and are private and tamperproof) so as to focus on authorization, but it does deal with the extensibility and composability of security services, and partial trust. It also abstracts away from issues of syntax and encoding (for example, ASN.1, proprietary binary formats, and XML) and focuses on semantics. The following figure illustrates many of the elements of this model that will be described in this paper:

Cited by 0

Token Security, or insecurity

Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)

Hi. I am starting a crew of hackers, gamers and techs. While providing a very friendly atmosphere, and fun environment for the: growth, learning and development of each member. I understand you might feel that you are not that good of a hacker. After all you probably joined this community because you wanted to become a good hacker, and what not. I would still ask if you want to join with us? Do you feel you are more a gamer, then a hacker. That is fine. I would still ask, if you want to join us? The purpose of the set up is; If you get tired of hacking, and tired of learning how to hack, and feel like gaming. Perhaps someone in the crew wants to join you. Or perhaps you feel like hacking, and learning more. Then perhaps someone in the crew who wants do the same. The idea or the purpose of it all, is that try to grow skills, develop new ones. Not only that, like I said before. To do all of this in a fun environment. One of the things we try not to do is flame others for asking questions. We encourage questions. As they can become a topic of discussion, and everyone gets to learn. Simply because we want to encourage growth amoung our members. I am coming to you because I hope you would share in these ideals and principals and again, ask if you wish to join my team? You can contact me on these messengers if you want for immediate responses: Yahoo!: z3us_zf SKYPE: zeus.olympian Hit me up on any of these two if you wish to talk to me directly. We also hang out at IRC channel. You can check us out from a chat widget on this site here [url="http://mountolympus.myvnc.com"]The Gates of Olympus[/url] under a page called, "Chat Room." Either way is of contact is fine for me. I hope to hear from you soon. ~ZEUS OUT~

Cited by 0

Security Token Offerings (STOs)

Νίκη Τσάμπηρα · Open MIND · 2025

Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να προσφέρει μια σφαιρική κατανόηση των Προσφορών Ψηφιοποιημένων Αξιογράφων (Security Token Offerings – STOs) και της σχέσης τους με την τεχνολογία blockchain, αναδεικνύοντας τις δυνατότητες και τις προκλήσεις αυτής της σύγχρονης μεθόδου άντλησης κεφαλαίων. Tο πρώτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρεται σε παραδοσιακές μεθόδους χρηματοδότησης, αναδεικνύει την ανάγκη για εκσυγχρονισμό των χρηματοδοτικών μηχανισμών και παρουσιάζει κάποια σύγχρονα μέσα άντλησης κεφαλαίων. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο επικεντρώνεται στην τεχνολογία blockchain, αναλύοντας τη δομή και τη λειτουργία της, ενώ παράλληλα παρουσιάζει εφαρμογές της σε ποικίλους τομείς. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο εστιάζει στις STOs ως προς την έννοια, την διαδικασία διεξαγωγής, τα προτερήματα και τα μειονεκτήματά τους και παρουσιάζει πληροφορίες για το νομικό και ρυθμιστικό πλαίσιο που τις διέπει. Τέλος, στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζεται μια περίπτωση μελέτης (case study), η οποία αφορά την έκδοση του ψηφιακού ομολόγου από τη Siemens μέσω της τεχνολογίας blockchain.

Cited by 0

Token-based security using ECC.

Meshari D. Alanazi (21615785) · Figshare · 2025

<div> Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are integral to the Internet of Things (IoT), yet they face significant security challenges, including vulnerabilities to various attacks like Man-in-the-Middle and insider threats. Traditional security mechanisms are often insufficient in providing the necessary level of security while accommodating the processing and energy limitations of resource-constrained devices. Hence the research proposes an innovative Elliptic Curve Cryptography and Triple-Layer Authentication Framework (ECC-TLAF) that enhances the security of WSNs while improving energy efficiency and reducing latency. The framework utilizes a lightweight authentication approach involving biometrics, smart cards, and passwords. The research results indicate that the ECC-TLAF model significantly enhances performance, achieving a 98.9% improvement in energy efficiency, a 95.6% increase in security, and a 96.7% attack detection rate. Moreover, it reduces processing time by 1.02 seconds and latency by 0.1 milliseconds compared to conventional frameworks. The ECC-TLAF framework effectively addresses the security challenges in WSNs, ensuring robust protection against cyber threats while optimizing resource utilization. This research contributes to the advancement of security protocols for IoT environments, paving the way for more secure and efficient WSN applications. </div>

Cited by 0Open access

Software security token for authentication

Jason Lim · DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University) · 2015

In our security-conscious society today, two factor authentication has been widely deployed for user authentication. In particular, usage of software-based security tokens has been increasingly favoured among organisations because it is cheap and convenient. However, there are concerns that software-based tokens are not as secure compared to hardware-based tokens, as software-based tokens are vulnerable to duplication attacks and malware residing on the underlying computing device. Hence, this project aims to design a system that can address these issues. The current implementation of the two factor authentication for smartphone has been surveyed to determine how the implementation can be improved. Methods that can uniquely identify individual smartphones have been explored and discussed. An experiment based on the HTML5 fingerprinting canvas has been conducted to ascertain its feasibility as a novel method for two factor authentication. Despite not having favourable results, a two factor authentication system based on fingerprinting canvas was designed and carried out. The system is able to generate a one-time password consistently for a smartphone and protect itself against malware. However, it could only partially mitigate duplication attacks. Despite not being able to provide full protection against duplication attacks, there are still some advantages of employing the fingerprinting canvas for a two factor authentication system such as tying the generation of OTP to a physical device and serving as a deterrence to potential attackers.

Cited by 0

MSc Computer Security FTSecurity token definition:

Maxim Strygin · 2012

A security token (or sometimes a hardware token, hard token, authentication token, cryptographic token, or key fob) may be a physical device that an authorized user of computer services is given to ease authentication. The term may also refer to software tokens. eTokenseToken USB-based strong authentication and password management solution for organizations worldwide. Highly flexible and cost effective security for networks, data and applications. eToken Strong Authentication Something you have- eToken device Something you know- eToken password With eToken you can securely access business resources, digitally sign documents and emails, encrypt and mobilize sensitive data, securely store all their passwords and keys on their token, use their token for both logical and physical access, and more. There are rich family of eToken devices eToken PRO – USB smart card token token with Advanced Smart Card Technology Which means no special readers are required. Users can securely carry all their credentials with them wherever they go, and using the eToken USB key is as simple as plugging in to any computer with a USB port. Easy to use In order to authenticate with eToken PRO, users simply plug the token into the USB port and enter their eToken password. Highly flexible- eToken PRO supports all eToken PKI and password management applications, as well as software development tools for seamless integration with third party applications.- The token functionality can be extended to be used with any custom applications through the loading of Java applets on-board the tokens.- In addition, eToken PRO can be customized to include RFID, logo printing and unique colors for branding purposes, and more. Specifications Supported operating systems:

Cited by 0

Open Source Security Token for Linux

Ben Mohammad, JohanFredriksson, Adam Mathiesen, ChristofferRoxbergh, ElinÖrtenberg, Gustav · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · 2017

The project investigates and implements a two-factor authentication system utilizing\nthe RSA cryptography scheme. The system consists of an FPGA security token and\na PAM module for Linux. Two similar solutions were made, one air-gapped with\na shorter key (version A), whereas the other communicated over USB (version B).\nThe cryptography module in the FPGA supports no more than 512-bit RSA and is\nthe greatest area of improvement - since a longer key would provide more security\nand still be supported by the rest of the system. Additionally, interesting follow-up\nprojects could be to explore quantum safe cryptography schemes - especially if to\nbe used for decades to come. Altogether, the prototype created is a basic, yet fully\nfunctional, two-factor system with no obvious security flaws if deployed correctly.\nThe project is released as open source under the BSD license.

Cited by 0Open access

Wagnisfinanzierung durch Security Token Offerings (STOs)

Janosch Janosch · DUNCKER UND HUMBLOT eBooks · 2023

Abstract Während ihrer Hochphase galten Security Token Offerings (STOs) vor allem für Start-ups aus der Krypto-Branche als Finanzierungsalternative. Inzwischen scheinen traditionelle Venture Capital-Investoren ihre Vormachtstellung jedoch verteidigt zu haben. Mit zunehmender Tendenz zeichnen sich dabei Verbindungslinien zwischen den Finanzierungsarten ab. So nutzen Emittenten einen Token Sale vermehrt, um eine bereits erfolgte Venture Capital-Finanzierung zu ergänzen. Aus diesem Funktionswandel speist sich das Untersuchungsprogramm der Arbeit. Zunächst werden die technischen und rechtlichen Grundlagen der Finanzierungsform beleuchtet. Anschließend werden die ökonomischen Potenziale und Hemmfaktoren von STOs analysiert. Im Vordergrund steht schließlich die Frage, welche Gestaltungsaufgaben sich den Beteiligten stellen, wenn neben Venture Capital-Investoren und Gründern auch Token-Anleger in die Wagnisfinanzierung eingebunden werden.»Venture Financing Through Security Token Offerings (STOs)«: Security Token Offerings (STOs) were seen as a financing alternative, especially for start-ups in the crypto sector. Meanwhile, traditional Venture Capital investors seem to have defended their supremacy in start-up financing. However, with increasing tendency, connecting lines between the financing types are emerging. The author explores these interrelations between STOs and Venture Capital with a particular focus on the resulting design challenges.

Cited by 0

Research for Introduction of Security Token

Min-Seop Yun · BUSINESS LAW REVIEW · 2022

비트코인 이후 전 세계적으로 암호자산에 관한 관심이 높아지고 있으며, 이에 대한 규제체계를 구축하려는 논의가 지속되고 있다. 최근에는 암호자산 중 증권형 토큰에 대한 규제개선에 관한 논의도 활성화되고 있다. 최근 한국예탁결제원은 증권형 토큰의 발행 및 유통 플랫폼 구축을 위한 로드맵을 마련하기로 공표하였고, 비상장주식 거래 플랫폼인 ‘서울거래 비상장’ 운영사인 피에스엑스는 증권형 토큰 거래지원을 시작하겠다는 것을 공표하였다. 특히 이번 정부에서도 국정과제에 국내 ICO 발행여건을 조성하여, 관련 규제 체계 마련을 포함하면서 증권형 토큰의 제도화에 관한 기대가 높아지고 있다. 이에 맞추어 금융위원회는 증권형 토큰 규율체계 방향에 관한 의견수렴을 위한 세미나를 개최하였는데, 해당 세미나를 통해서 현재까지 검토한 사항을 발표하였다. 이 논문에서는 증권형 토큰에 관한 국내외 관련 법제 및 금융위원회의 논의를 살펴보고, 증권형 토큰을 제도화하는 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

Cited by 0

Localization Construction of Security Token Offering

Yinwei Wang · Transactions on Economics Business and Management Research · 2024

The Security Token Offering (STO) embodies a convergence of traditional securities and blockchain token issuance, categorized into asset-based STO, derivatives-based STO, and payment-based STO, establishing a unique tripartite legal relationship among the issuer, trading platform, and subscriber. This essay commences by defining the essence of STOs, delving into the foundational legal principles, and scrutinizing the primary challenges in localizing construction, specifically the limitations of the conventional civil law system and the complexities in establishing a rights bundle paradigm. In accordance with prevailing regulations, it advocates for a localized construction approach, involving an expanded interpretation within the criminal law and civil law systems. The adaptation within the criminal law system involves recognizing the property attributes to prevent classification as illicit tokens or other violations. The adaptation within the civil law system entails endorsing the legalization of security token trading and validating the legitimacy of entrusted investment and trading activities involving security tokens.

Cited by 0Open access

Token Open Security Model for Updatable Encryption

Yang Song, Haiying Gao · 2022

Updatable encryption (UE) is suitable for key rotation and ciphertext data update in cloud storage environment. For most updatable encryption schemes, when the tokens are all open and the keys of the past epochs are corrupted by the adversary, the adversary can easily obtain the keys of all epochs, and the scheme is no longer safe. However, the existing security models for UE often use firewalls and insulated regions to limit the information obtained by the adversary when proving the security of the scheme, and require the adversary not to corrupt all the update tokens. We believe that this limitation is far from the real attack scenario, and in this paper we present a new security model for UE, token open security model, which allows the adversary to corrupt all update tokens and keys of the past epochs. We prove that a secure UE scheme under this model must have no-directional key updates and uni-directional ciphertext updates. We prove an equivalent condition of this model. We also present a general construction approach for UE schemes to satisfy token open security model.

Cited by 4