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About 1,037 papers for “Serial position effect”

Serial Position Effect

Kenneth D. Keith · The Encyclopedia of Cross‐Cultural Psychology · 2013

The serial position effect is the tendency for individuals to most easily learn and remember items at the beginning and end of a list.

Cited by 8

Effect of Serial Position

Kristina M Visscher (273936), Elina Kaplan (273938), Michael J Kahana (273940) et al. · Figshare · 2015

<p>Difference from mean proportion correct responses (<i>P</i>(correct) diff) is plotted as a function of the serial position of the matching study item. Data are shown for the case in which four stimuli were presented. Statistics show a significant effect of serial position and list length, but no interaction between them. The mean proportions correct subtracted for each stimulus type were: sound, 0.72; moving visual, 0.62; and stationary visual, 0.61.</p>

Cited by 0Open access

Composition during serial learning: A serial position effect.

Peter A. Frensch · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · 1994

Composition is a computational learning mechanism that merges serially performed elementary processes into hierarchically organized knowledge structures. The main goals of this research were to explore (a) the role of serial position in composition and (b) the relation between degree of composition and explicit serial recall in serial learning. In 3 experiments, Ss performed a rule-based serial reaction time task in which they had to categorize a sequence of 12 stimuli shown simultaneously on a video monitor. A procedure based on the comparison of reaction times to random sequences and a repeating sequence identified a serial position effect of composition that was, however, moderated by Ss' explicit, postexperimental recall of the repeating sequence. A production-system-based computational model of composition is described that qualitatively reproduces the empirical findings. Implications for the mechanisms governing serial learning are discussed.

Cited by 35

Effect of category on serial position effect (1)

Kayoko Kihara, Tokuko Ogawa · The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association · 2014

2) (3) F (1, 48) = 15.83, p < .01; F (2, 96) = 49.51, p < .01; F (2, 96) = 6.00, p < .01 F (1, 48) = 2.59, ns.; F (1, 48) = 0.20, ns. F (1, 48) = 19.25, p < .01 Mse = 0.0357, p < .

Cited by 0Open access

Serial position effect in group decision-making

Bartłomiej Bindas, Krzysztof Kontek, Independent researcher et al. · Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology Organization and Management Series · 2025

Purpose: The paper investigates the presence of the serial position effect in group decision- making. The aim is to explore how this cognitive phenomenon, known for enhanced recall of items at the beginning (primacy) and end (recency) of a sequence, may affect outcomes in collective evaluations. Design/methodology/approach: The study examines voting methods commonly employed in classical music competitions, sports, and project evaluations, some of which are specifically designed to reduce manipulation or the influence of outliers. An experimental procedure was implemented in which participants ranked an identical set of alternatives twice, with the order of presentation systematically varied between rounds. Statistical analyses, including Kendall tau, swap distance, and transposition distance, were used to compare voting outcomes between rounds. The research is situated within the fields of behavioral economics and social choice theory. Findings: The results demonstrate that the serial position effect influences the tested voting methods, although the impact is not consistent across all methods. Research limitations/implications: The primary limitation of the study is the exclusive use of economics students as participants. Future research should include individuals with backgrounds in music or sports to provide a broader perspective. Practical implications: The findings provide practical guidance for designing equitable and robust voting systems in contexts such as classical music and sports competitions. Originality/value: This study introduces a novel perspective by examining the serial position effect in group decision-making. The analysis is relevant both to researchers in social choice theory and behavioral economics and to practitioners involved in developing voting rules for competitions. Keywords: serial position effect, group decision-making, voting methods, experiment. Category of the paper: Research paper.

Cited by 0Open access

The serial position effect of free recall.

Bennet B. Murdock · Journal of Experimental Psychology · 1962

The serial position curve is characterized by a steep, possibly exponential, primacy effect extending over the 1st 3 or 4 words in the list, an S-shaped recency effect extending over the last 8 words in the list, and a horizontal asymptote spanning the primacy and recency effect. The shape of the cu

Cited by 1,722

Malingering, coaching, and the serial position effect

Julie A. Suhr · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · 2002

The normal pattern of performance on list-learning tasks is to recall more words from the beginning (primacy) and end (recency) of the list. This pattern is also seen in patients with closed head injury, but malingerers tend to recall less words from the beginning of word lists, leading to a suppressed primacy effect. The present study examined this pattern on both learning trials and delayed recall of the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) in 34 persons performing with normal effort, 38 naive malingerers, 33 warned malingerers, and 29 head-injured patients. Both malingering groups had lower scores on the primacy portion of the list during learning trials, while normals and head-injured patients had normal serial position curves. During delayed recall, normals and head-injured patients did better than the two malingering groups on middle and recency portions of the list. Findings suggest that the serial position effect during learning trials may be a useful pattern of performance to watch for when suspicious of malingering.

Cited by 2

Spatial Descriptions Eliminate the Serial Position Effect

Ilaria Santoro, Fabrizio Sors, Serena Mingolo et al. · The Open Psychology Journal · 2023

Aims: The present study aims to investigate the occurrence of the serial position effect in the recall of items verbally presented in three different contexts. Background: The serial position effect has been studied with both verbal ( e.g ., words) and visuospatial ( e.g ., locations) stimuli but not with verbal-spatial stimuli ( i.e ., spatial description of an environment). In particular, a spatial description of an environment has both spatial information and a meaningful context. Objective: The objective of the present study is to determine whether the use of different contexts (namely, a classic word list, a spatial description of a room, and a narrative without spatial information) can alter the serial position effect. Methods: Depending on the condition, participants were exposed to a) a list of objects, b) a spatial description of a room containing the same objects; c) a narrative presenting the same objects in lack of spatial information. After this learning phase, participants performed a recognition task. Results: The recognition task revealed different accuracy distributions in the three conditions. In particular, in the spatial description condition, the accuracy distribution did not change across the item position. Conclusion: This result is in line with previous studies with visuospatial stimuli. Thus, it seems that spatial descriptions are a particular kind of verbal stimuli, which are encoded similarly to visuospatial stimuli. Overall, these outcomes support the idea that spatial descriptions elicit a spatial representation, which enhances item retention and eliminates the serial position effect.

Cited by 1Open access

The Effect of Serial Position on Lineup Decisions

Queen Margaret University Publications Repository (Queen Margaret University) · 2015

Incorrect eyewitness testimony causes many issues for the justice system - with the most severe being high numbers of incorrect prosecutions and this therefore calls for a redesign of the structure of lineups to assess what may be the cause of such inaccuracies. Positioning of targets within lineups has been theorised as being influential for witnesses identifications of potential perpetrators and is therefore the key area of investigation for the current study. Many studies have aimed to investigate whether there is a serial position effect observed in recall for list items, but very few have investigated whether said serial position effect can also be reported in tests of recognition - specifically, within lineup decisions. To gain a better insight into the possibility of such effects, we assessed the influence of target position on 72 participants' recognition for the target, whilst also recording potential influences on accuracy through one or two lap viewing of lineups. The results revealed non-significant results for position or lap viewings on accuracy of identifications, but instead reported significant results for confidence within accurate decisions when influenced by position of target within target present lineups - although both target-present and target-absent lineups were tested. It was proven that witnesses report higher confidence levels for accurate decisions made for targets in later positions (7-9) when compared to earlier positions (1-3). However, these results suggest that there is no serial position effect, or lap effect within sequential lineups - thus meaning that police officers may not have to account for position as much as was first thought - however, it must be acknowledged that the current study does not fully support the results presented by past research.

Cited by 0

The Effect of Serial Position on Lineup Decisions

Anonymous, · Queen Margaret University eTheses Repository · 2015

Incorrect eyewitness testimony causes many issues for the justice system – with the most severe being high numbers of incorrect prosecutions and this therefore calls for a redesign of the structure of lineups to assess what may be the cause of such inaccuracies. Positioning of targets within lineups has been theorised as being influential for witnesses identifications of potential perpetrators and is therefore the key area of investigation for the current study. Many studies have aimed to investigate whether there is a serial position effect observed in recall for list items, but very few have investigated whether said serial position effect can also be reported in tests of recognition – specifically, within lineup decisions. To gain a better insight into the possibility of such effects, we assessed the influence of target position on 72 participants’ recognition for the target, whilst also recording potential influences on accuracy through one or two lap viewing of lineups. The results revealed non-significant results for position or lap viewings on accuracy of identifications, but instead reported significant results for confidence within accurate decisions when influenced by position of target within target present lineups – although both target-present and target-absent lineups were tested. It was proven that witnesses report higher confidence levels for accurate decisions made for targets in later positions (7-9) when compared to earlier positions (1-3). However, these results suggest that there is no serial position effect, or lap effect within sequential lineups – thus meaning that police officers may not have to account for position as much as was first thought – however, it must be acknowledged that the current study does not fully support the results presented by past research.

Cited by 0