Hugh W. Holbrook, Brad Cain · 2006
IP version 4 (IPv4) addresses in the 232/8 (232.0.0.0 to 232.255.255.255) range are designated as source-specific multicast (SSM) destination addresses and are reserved for use by sourcespecific applications and protocols. For IP version 6 (IPv6), the address prefix FF3x::/32 is reserved for source-specific multicast use. This document defines an extension to the Internet network service that applies to datagrams sent to SSM addresses and defines the host and router requirements to support this extension.
Cited by 251Open access
Konstantinos Katrinis · ETH Zürich Research Collection · 2006
Cited by 0Open access
Záň, Stanislav · Brno University of Technology Digital Library (Brno University of Technology) · 2008
Tato práce se zabývá problematikou síťové komunikace s použitím metody Source Specific Multicast. Zaměřuje se na problematiku, přihlašování, odhlašování a administrace klientů v multicastové skupině a protokolu IGMP, který má toto na starost. Dále na problematiku signalizace mezi zdrojem dat a přihlášenými klienty, kteří data odebírají. V úvodu této práce je rozebrána problematika multicastové komunikace. Následuje kapitola se zaměřením na metodu Source–Specific Multicast (SSM). Další kapitola se zaměřuje na rozbor používaných protokolů potřebných k distribuci datového vysílání pomocí SSM ve směru od zdroje vysílání ke klientům a opačně. Následující kapitola se zabývá signalizací komunikace v SSM, zvláště se zaměřuje na použití metody přeposílání paketů a metody spojování paketů ve zdroji. Kapitola také uvádí základní matematické vztahy pro výpočet odesílání signalizace a navrhuje také možná řešení a postupy pro zjednodušení komunikace a zmenšení zpoždění, které je pro signalizaci důležitou vlastností. Následně už se práce zabývá rozdíly obou používaných metod signalizace. Na znalostech získaných teoretickými poznatky je v praktické části navržena aplikace simulující komunikaci klientů a zdroje v SSM multicastu. Daná problematika je vysvětlena v MSC diagramech. Aplikace také simuluje reálné chování komunikace za použití obou signalizačních metod v závislostech na počtu klientů a použité metodě signalizace. V poslední kapitole jsou výsledky simulace za použití obou signalizačních metod zhodnoceny.
Cited by 0
Yingxu Lai, Zenghui Liu, Hua Qin et al. · Advances in intelligent and soft computing · 2011
Cited by 0
Záň, Stanislav · Brno University of Technology Digital Library (Brno University of Technology) · 2008
Tato práce se zabývá problematikou síťové komunikace s použitím metody Source Specific Multicast. Zaměřuje se na problematiku, přihlašování, odhlašování a administrace klientů v multicastové skupině a protokolu IGMP, který má toto na starost. Dále na problematiku signalizace mezi zdrojem dat a přihlášenými klienty, kteří data odebírají. V úvodu této práce je rozebrána problematika multicastové komunikace. Následuje kapitola se zaměřením na metodu Source–Specific Multicast (SSM). Další kapitola se zaměřuje na rozbor používaných protokolů potřebných k distribuci datového vysílání pomocí SSM ve směru od zdroje vysílání ke klientům a opačně. Následující kapitola se zabývá signalizací komunikace v SSM, zvláště se zaměřuje na použití metody přeposílání paketů a metody spojování paketů ve zdroji. Kapitola také uvádí základní matematické vztahy pro výpočet odesílání signalizace a navrhuje také možná řešení a postupy pro zjednodušení komunikace a zmenšení zpoždění, které je pro signalizaci důležitou vlastností. Následně už se práce zabývá rozdíly obou používaných metod signalizace. Na znalostech získaných teoretickými poznatky je v praktické části navržena aplikace simulující komunikaci klientů a zdroje v SSM multicastu. Daná problematika je vysvětlena v MSC diagramech. Aplikace také simuluje reálné chování komunikace za použití obou signalizačních metod v závislostech na počtu klientů a použité metodě signalizace. V poslední kapitole jsou výsledky simulace za použití obou signalizačních metod zhodnoceny.
Cited by 0Open access
Ana Catarina Grilo, Pedro F. Oliveira, Rui Valadas · IET Networks · 2024
Abstract Source‐specific multicast is a key technology for multicast services such as IPTV broadcasting, which relies on IGMPv3/MLDv2 for source‐group membership signalling and multicast routing protocols such as PIM‐SSM for building and maintaining receiver‐initiated source‐based distribution trees across the network. The authors propose the Hard‐state Protocol Independent Multicast—Source‐Specific Multicast (HPIM‐SSM), a novel multicast routing protocol that keeps the design principles of PIM‐SSM but overcomes its limitations, such as slow convergence and the possibility of creating suboptimal trees. The state machines of HPIM‐SSM were designed to react promptly to all network events susceptible to reconfiguring the multicast trees, avoiding the need for soft‐state maintenance through the periodic transmission of control messages. Moreover, the authors eliminated the need for designated routers, which led to suboptimal trees, and introduced a control‐driven assert protocol that operates per source, allowing for considerable memory savings. Finally, the protocol enables the coexistence of multiple unicast routing protocols. HPIM‐SSM was implemented in Python, and its correctness was extensively validated through model‐checking techniques. Furthermore, a comparison between HPIM‐SSM and PIM‐SSM was conducted, encompassing both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation of convergence times. The results demonstrate clearly that HPIM‐SSM outperforms PIM‐SSM, exhibiting significantly faster convergence times and completely avoiding suboptimal trees.
Cited by 0Open access
Supratik Bhattacharyya, H Holbrook, D Cheriton et al. · 2003
The purpose of this document is to provide an overview of Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) and issues related to its deployment. It discusses how the SSM service model addresses the challenges faced in inter-domain multicast deployment, changes needed to routing protocols and applications to deploy SSM and interoperability issues with current multicast service models.
Cited by 227Open access
Rivadeneyra Sicilia, José Mª · Communities in ADDI (Universidad del Pais Vasco) · 2015
Cited by 0Open access
Shiwei Lin · 2009
In this paper we propose a new scheme named Differentiated QoS Multicast (DQM) based on the Source Specific Multicast (SSM) model in order to provision limited qualitative QoS channels for supporting heterogeneous end users. Based on Service Level Agreements, both sources and group members should select a specific QoS channel available from the network for group data transmission, and arbitrarily quantitative QoS states are eliminated. Moreover, we use the group address G contained in the (S;G) tuple in the SSM service model to encode QoS channels, and data packets belonging to the same QoS channel identified by a common class D address can be treated aggregately within core networks. Hence the proposed DQM scheme can be regarded as an overlay solution to single source multicast applications.
Cited by 0
Supratik Bhattacharyya · 2000
Cited by 6
Group H. Holbrook, B. Haberman, Jhu Apl · 2006
This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards " (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Copyright Notice
Cited by 0
Khalid Al‐Begain, Yewen Cao · International Journal of High Performance Computing and Networking · 2006
A novel Source Specific Multicast (SSM) protocol, called Scalable Recursive Multicast (SREM) is proposed. Unlike existing SSM protocols, which in general use the source-centralised control mechanism, SREM is a decentralised-control multicast scheme. A pair of Branch Node Messages (BNMs) is introduced to construct a branching node-based multicast tree, which is built up gradually, locally and dynamically as group members join/leave. Delivering multicast packets is carried out recursively between BN Routers by unicast. SREM has fixed size control messages, and low join/leave latency and is scalable. Simulation shows that SREM outperforms recently proposed algorithms in terms of processing and delivering costs.
Cited by 0
D. Meyer, Robert Rockell, Gordon M. Shepherd · 2006
IP Multicast group addresses in the 232/8 (232.0.0.0 to
232.255.255.255) range are designated as source-specific multicast
destination addresses and are reserved for use by source-specific
multicast applications and protocols. This document defines
operational recommendations to ensure source-specific behavior within
the 232/8 range. This document specifies an Internet Best Current
Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and
suggestions for improvements.
Cited by 4
Safdar Hussain Shaheen, Muhammad Yousaf · 2015
Group-oriented applications require multicast communication for distributing information among the group members efficiently. The deployment of such kind of applications in strategic and military grade organizations needs the secure group-oriented mechanism. The key concerns involved in secure multicast communication are "forward and backward security", "source/recipient identification and authentication", "key revocation" and "secure rekeying". This paper proposes a source specific centralized secure multicast scheme based on IPSec infrastructure by addressing these security challenges. The key management, in proposed secure multicast scheme, has been carried out using the Group Internet Key Exchange (G-IKE v2) version 2 protocol.
Cited by 2
Aisha Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Wan Hazlina Hassan, Muaz Zainal Arifin et al. · Sunway Institutional Repository (Sunway University) · 2008
The Aggregated Source Specific Multicast (ASSM) scheme is proposed to overcome the limitations of Source Specific Multicast (SSM). It aims to handle the scalability issue of SSM. The key idea is that multiple groups are forced to share a single delivery tree. However, the ASSM scheme suffers from routers under utilization problem. In our previous work we have proposed an approach to overcome this problem. In this paper our proposed approach was presented and evaluated. It was shown that our proposed scheme results in achieving higher routers utilization.
Cited by 1Open access
Milan Šimek, Radim Bürget, Dan Komosný · 2007
Any Source Multicast (ASM) called Internet Standard Multicast (ISM) and its extension, Specific Source Multicast (SSM), are two known multicast technologies for delivering a data flow to a great number of customers over IP networks without cumulative bandwidth consumption. ASM technology is suitable for the many-to-many delivering model such as videoconferencing, where more sources are sending the traffic to one multicast group. SSM technology was developed as a solution for one-to-many delivering model such as the Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), where the receiver exactly defines the source of the multicast traffic. ASM and SSM can co-operate together on the network if specific conditions are complied with. The paper deals with describing the experiences and the measurement results from the implementation of these two multicast technologies in an experimental network.
Cited by 0Open access
Ning Wang, George Pavlou, Konstantina Papantoni · Lecture notes in computer science · 2003
Cited by 1
Thomas C. Schmidt, Matthias Wählisch, Maik Wodarz · Telecommunication Systems · 2009
Cited by 6
Dario Pompili, Luca Lopez, Caterina Scoglio · 2004
In this work DIMRO, an efficient algorithm to build source specific multicast trees, is presented. DIMRO aims at achieving a high traffic balance in the network in order to avoid bandwidth bottlenecks and consequent network partitions, one of the main causes for low network performance. To do so, it computes multicast trees by dynamically selecting the least loaded available paths, obtaining an optimal distribution of network resources. Strictly integrated with the DiffServ Quality of Service (QoS) approach, the proposed multirate native multicast algorithm maps the QoS service requested by receivers into the proper DiffServ class, so as to respect the expected QoS requirements. The results are a better leverage of the network bandwidth resources, an improved QoS perceived by multicast group members, and time and resource saving due to its low computational complexity, as shown through extensive C++ based simulation campaign.
Cited by 8
Ning Wang, George Pavlou · Computer Networks · 2003
Cited by 2