Naixi Liu (18707006), Yu Li (183836), Mingzhe Jiang (5509499) et al. · Figshare · 2024
<div><p>COVID-19 has been a massive trade shock that has disrupted global trade, making the last few years a special phase. Even during normal times, epidemic diseases have acted as trade shocks in specific countries, albeit not to the same extent as COVID-19. For some trade shocks, the situation normalizes after the disease transmission is over; for some, it does not. Thus, specific countries can sometimes lose their original trade ratio due to trade diversion; that is, an epidemic disease could lead to unexpected industry restructuring. To examine this, based on data on 110 WHO members from 1996 to 2018, we use a fixed-effect panel model supported by the Hausman Test to empirically identify whether epidemic diseases can cause trade shocks and trade diversion. We find: First, epidemic disease can lead to negative shocks to a country’s trade growth and its ratio of worldwide trade. Second, with a longer epidemic, the probability of the trade diversion effect increases. Our results hold even after considering country heterogeneity. This presents a considerable concern about the shock of COVID-19 lasting further. Many countries are not just facing the problem of temporary trade shocks, but also the challenge of trade diversions. In particular, the probability of trade diversions is increasing rapidly, especially for late-developed countries due to their lack of epidemic containment and vaccine-producing capabilities. Even middle and high income countries cannot ignore global industry chain restructuring. Forward-looking policies should be implemented in advance; it may be too late when long-term trade damage is shown.</p></div>
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Mary Princip (12769977), Roland von Känel (111523), Sinthujan Sivakumar (17328021) et al. · Figshare · 2023
<div><p>Objective</p><p>Unfavorable blood lipid profiles are robust risk factors in predicting atherosclerotic disease. Studies have shown that positive affect (PA) is associated with a favorable lipid profile. However, longitudinal studies regarding the course of PA and lipid profiles in myocardial infarction (MI) patients are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to prospectively explore the association between PA and blood lipid levels across three inv estigations over 12 months following acute MI.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Patients following an acute MI were examined at hospital admission (n = 190), and at 3 months (n = 154) and 12 months (n = 106) thereafter. Linear mixed effect regression models were used to evaluate the relation between PA, assessed with the Global Mood Scale, and blood lipid levels. Potential confounding variables were controlled for in the analysis.</p><p>Results</p><p>Higher PA was significantly associated with higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and a lower total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio over time, independent of demographic factors, indices of cardiac disease severity, comorbidity, medication use, health behaviors, serum cortisol and negative affect (p≤0.040). No association was found between PA and the two blood lipids low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Positive affect was independently associated with HDL-C levels and the TC/HDL-C ratio in patients up to 1 year after MI. The findings support a potential role of PA for cardiovascular health through an association with a favorable blood lipid profile.</p></div>
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Salazar, Jaime · RACO (Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert) (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · 1992
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Salazar, Jaime · RACO (Revistes Catalanes amb Accés Obert) (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · 1992
When a project is final/y built new variables always appear, new orientations which had not appeared on paper.They are neither the basis of the project, nor do they respond to initia/ intentions, yat they imply important formal decisions in volved in tha configuration of the final resu/t.The project for the Shooting Range was planned from the outset with industrial sobriety, with no room for possib/e /icence.The complexity involved in its m aterialisation -the dimensions of the project and the race against time to complete it, severa/ parts in volved in the result and numerous factors afien to the project itself-had of necessity to favour a c/ear proposa/.In this way.rather than distorting the result the subsequent variations would focus it on the intentions of the project.For exampla, the apparent/y natural greenery surrounding the
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Gil Gómez, José Antonio · RiuNet (Politechnical University of Valencia) · 2010
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Jose Antonio Gil Gómez · 2010
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Fiallo Rendón, Nini Johana · 2019
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Yue Liu (292931), Pierre Failler (11770622), Yan Ding (39795) · Figshare · 2022
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Masanja Laurent Lugelongi (21954981), Andrew Martin Kilale (12319327), Kabemba Evans Mwape (6714650) · Figshare · 2025
<div> Background Infection of the brain with the larval stage of <i>Taenia solium</i> leads to neurocysticercosis (NCC), a leading cause of epilepsy with a considerable global burden. Neurocysticercosis-induced epilepsy is among the poverty-related diseases and is prevalent, particularly in regions where <i>T. solium</i> is endemic. In Tanzania, NCC-associated epilepsy is endemic, it causes substantial health burdens and economic losses. Studies on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding NCC in the country are limited. Methodology A cross-sectional healthcare professional-based study was conducted in northern Tanzania between May and July 2023. A structured questionnaire was administered to healthcare workers (HCWs) using a random stratified sampling to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward prevention and control of NCC-induced epilepsy. One-way ANOVA was used to compare mean scores of KAP, Chi-square test to assess the association between independent factors and KAP scores, and logistic regression model to determine the predictors of KAP scores. Results A total of 250 HCWs were interviewed. The study revealed that HCWs had inadequate overall knowledge (scores = 55.5%), negative attitudes (score = 54.0%) and poor practices (scores = 49.3%). Only 22.4% had adequate knowledge, 10.8% had positive attitudes, and 12.8% had good practices towards control of NCC-induced epilepsy. Educational levels of respondents (OR: 3.361, 95% CI: 1.147–9.848, p < 0.01) were significant predictors of positive attitudes. Laboratory technologists were five (OR:5.821, 95% CI: 2.033-16.664, p < 0.01) times more likely to be knowledgeable, followed by assistant physicians (OR:3.141, 95% CI:1.484-6.650, p < 0.01) compared to other health professionals interviewed. Knowledgeable respondents were more likely to have positive attitudes (OR: 6.087, 95% CI:2.534-14.622, p < 0.01), and better practices (OR: 4.750, 95% CI: 2.099-10.748, p < 0.01) towards control of NCC-induced epilepsy. Conclusion This study found that HCWs had limited knowledge, poor practices, and negative attitudes toward the control of NCC-induced epilepsy. There is an urgent need to promote better knowledge of acquired epilepsy among HCWs, including re-training using the One Health approach in <i>T. solium</i> endemic areas. </div>
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Hermann Dinges · 2005
Cited by 3
Douglas Fisher · Software Practice and Experience · 1983
Abstract Much modern programming theory places emphasis on the localization of the use of program variables and only occasionally justifies the use of global variables. This paper does not support that point of view. In fact it advocates exactly the reverse.
Cited by 3
Dever, Joshua Bruce · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · 1998
Variables is a project at the intersection of the philosophies of language and logic. Frege, in the Begriffsschrift, crystalized the modern notion of formal logic through the first fully successful characterization of the behaviour of quantifiers. In Variables, I suggest that the logical tradition we have inherited from Frege is importantly flawed, and that Frege's move from treating quantifiers as noun phrases bearing word-world connection to sentential operators in the guise of second-order predicates leaves us both philosophically and technically wanting.
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Megan Hall, John Protzko · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · 2022
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Health Professional Card, Godesberger Allee, Health Professional Card · 2007
— — this page was intentionally left blank —— page 2 of 103 Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der InformationstechnikCommon Criteria Protection Profile Version 2.5, 6 th April 2009
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Floor Denecker, Koen Ponnet, Lieven De Marez et al. · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · 2023
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Gökhan Binzat · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · 2025
Independent, dependent, and control variables employed throughout the thesis, including definitions and operationalization.
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Kyeongah Nah (6796805), Felicia Maria G. Magpantay (6796808), Ákos Bede-Fazekas (6796811) et al. · Figshare · 2019
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Annabelle J. Bockey (18404991), Cornelia Braun (9200707), Johannes Camp (8304528) et al. · Figshare · 2024
<div><p>Background</p><p>Limited evidence on utilisation of health care by recently arrived asylum seekers and refugees in high-income countries is available. This study aims to describe the implementation of an integrated care facility (ICF) in an initial reception centre and measure the utilisation of care and the influence of operational parameters.</p><p>Methods</p><p>In a retrospective cohort study design, using medical records, we followed inhabitants of a reception centre in Germany between 11.10.2015 and 30.05.2018. We assessed frequency of visits and revisits to a newly established integrated care facility (ICF), and the effects of the ICF on visits to the local emergency department (LED) in the regional tertiary hospital using survival analysis and time series regression. We also explore the influence of operational parameters on the different implementation phases; phase 1: provisional clinic with 1–2 hours of physician presence daily, phase 2: implementation of ICF with 2–4 hours of care by a team of doctors and nurses daily, phase 3: routine running of ICF with daily operational hours of 10am–2pm with care provided by an interdisciplinary team of doctors and nurses.</p><p>Results</p><p>14,419 total medical visits were recorded from 1,883 persons seeking health care in the ICF. The absolute number of visits per day remained similar over the study period (19·9/day), yet the relative number of visits changed from 2·2 to 15 per 100 inhabitants from phase 2 to 3, respectively. Most visits were due to respiratory infections (612/3080, 20%), and trauma and musculoskeletal conditions (441/3080, 14%). The rate of revisits to ICF was 2·9 per person per month (95%CI 2·9–3), more for those older, female, from North Africa and those with a translator present. The ratio of visits to the LED changed from 0·3/100 inhabitants per day to 0·14/100 inhabitants after implementation of the ICF and back to 0·3/100 inhabitants during the routine running.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Though seasonal variation and referral practices must be considered, a high rate of revisits to the ICF were recorded. While visits to the LED decreased after the implementation of the ICF, visits returned to the pre-ICF levels during the routine running of the ICF. The results show that AS&R require reliable access to health care, yet the needs of specific groups of migrants may be different, especially those with language barriers, minority groups or those from certain regions. As such, care should be migrant sensitive and adapt to the changing needs of the population. Though more research is required to better understand the differing needs of migrants, this study may help to inform guidelines surrounding migrant sensitive standards of care in Germany.</p></div>
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Mark Awe Tachega (22446812), Junjian Wang (758464), Yanjiao Chen (5891363) et al. · Figshare · 2025
<div> Investment is a key driver of economic growth in emerging markets, yet the factors that enable or hinder foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic investment (DI) remain contested. Regulatory reforms aimed at improving the ease of doing business (EDB) have been widely promoted as a means to attract capital, but empirical evidence on their effectiveness, especially in diverse and institutionally heterogeneous economies, is mixed. This study examines how EDB affects investment flows in nine BRICS+ economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates) over 2004–2020. Three objectives guide the analysis: assessing the direct EDB-investment link, testing the mediating role of institutional quality, specifically, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, and control of corruption, and analyzing moderation by financial development, economic freedom, and macroeconomic stability. A Pooled Mean Group, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) approach is employed for the panel estimations, complemented by Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to quantify mediation effects. The results reveal a dual effect of EDB, as it stimulates DI but exerts a modest negative long-term impact on FDI, likely due to transitional adjustment costs and the withdrawal of targeted investment incentives. Mediation analysis shows that institutional quality strongly channels the benefits of EDB to both FDI and DI, with indirect effects often exceeding direct ones. Financial development strengthens the positive EDB-investment relationship, while economic freedom and inflation partially dampen it. Country-specific results indicate substantial heterogeneity in the EDB-investment nexus, with some economies experiencing counterintuitive or insignificant effects. Policy implications differ by investment type. For FDI, reforms should be sequenced gradually, supported by transitional incentives, and aligned with targeted institutional strengthening to offset short-term deterrents. For DI, priority should be given to reducing operational costs, expanding access to finance, and maintaining macroeconomic stability, which collectively enhance domestic firms’ capacity to invest and grow. </div>
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Wei Wang (17594), Jie Wen (121424), Zhigao Luo (3201879) et al. · Figshare · 2023
<div><p>As an important means of environmental regulation, environmental punishment lacks in empirical evidence on its impact on regional green technology innovation in China. Based on panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020, this paper systematically examines the relationship between environmental punishment and regional green technology innovation. It is found that environmental punishment has the quantity and quality enhancing effects on regional green technology innovation, and the quantity enhancing effect is greater than the quality enhancing effect. There is no significant effect difference between monetary punishment and non monetary punishment on green technology innovation effect, but the effect of punishment on institutions is obviously greater than that of punishment on individuals. And the performance of ecological provinces and provinces with better legal environment is also relatively better. Environmental punishment enhances the quantity and quality of green technology innovation through pressure, and improves the quality of green technology innovation through deterrence. Besides, in China, deterrence promotes regional green technology innovation together with the Central Government’s environmental protection inspection, the national green manufacturing strategies and other policies concerned.</p></div>
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