Skip to content
Free planNo credit card requiredStart writing
AI for Research home
AI for Research home
Dashboard
Sign inGet started

Search 250 million research papers

Read the abstract, see who wrote it and who cites it, and get the citation in APA, MLA, Chicago or Harvard.

About 260 papers for “cipher modification”

Modification of Vernam Cipher

Jehan Tamna, Manthan Prajapati*, Raviranjan Jha, Yugkumar Bhanderi, Vishal Kar, Twinkle Patel · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2025

In this age of ever-expanding digital world, Communication plays a very important role which helps in growth of new technology. Naturally security of communication services is also essential. To achieve it we use Encryption. Cryptography plays huge role in Encryption of data, Cryptography comes from two Greek words, “krypos” which means “Hidden or Secret” and “graphein” which means “to write”. In this research, we create extension of vernam cipher using square matrix as key matrix.

Cited by 0Open access

Modification of Vernam Cipher

Jehan Tamna, Manthan Prajapati*, Raviranjan Jha, Yugkumar Bhanderi, Vishal Kar, Twinkle Patel · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2025

In this age of ever-expanding digital world, Communication plays a very important role which helps in growth of new technology. Naturally security of communication services is also essential. To achieve it we use Encryption. Cryptography plays huge role in Encryption of data, Cryptography comes from two Greek words, “krypos” which means “Hidden or Secret” and “graphein” which means “to write”. In this research, we create extension of vernam cipher using square matrix as key matrix.

Cited by 0Open access

Hill Cipher Modification: A Simplified Approach

Jessie R. Paragas, Ariel M. Sison, Ruji P. Medina · 2019

Most people nowadays are using the internet as a means of communication to facilitate exchanging sensitive data. Securing this data is vital considering almost all computers in the world are interconnected. Cryptography is a mechanism of sending information in the masked form so that only the intended receiver can retrieve and read this information. In connection with this, data encryption turns out to be an essential part of the secure communication of this important information. In this paper, a simplified method of encryption of data in blocks using the logical XOR and shift operations, and Radix64 for encoding and decoding the data is introduced. The results confirm that the security of the cipher improves to 53% avalanche effect percentage based on the actual experiment.

Cited by 14

Cipher Modification Against Steganalysis Based on NIST Tests

Valery Korzhik, Nguyen Duy Cuong, Guillermo Morales-Luna · 2019

Part of our team proposed a new steganalytic method based on NIST tests at MMM-ACNS 2017 [1], and it was encouraged to investigate some cipher modifications to prevent such types of steganalysis. In the current paper, we propose one cipher modification based on decompression by arithmetic source compression coding. The experiment shows that the current proposed method allows to protect stegosystems against steganalysis based on NIST tests, while security of the encrypted embedded messages is kept. Protection of contemporary image steganography based on edge detection and modified LSB against NIST tests steganalysis is also presented.

Cited by 15

S-Box Modification for the Block Cipher Algorithms

Нamed Zied · PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY · 2023

Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT wydaje czasopisma fachowe informujące swoich czytelników o najnowszych osiągnięciach naukowych i nowoczesnych rozwiązaniach technicznych w Polsce i na świecie, popularyzuje problemy techniczne oraz poszerza wiedzę i kulturę techniczną.

Cited by 5

MODIFICATION OF THE LIGHTWEIGHT STREAM CIPHER ALGORITHM CHACHA20

Makhabbat Bakyt, Khuralay Moldamurat, D. М. Kalmanova et al. · Bulletin of Shakarim University Technical Sciences · 2025

Providing secure and high-speed data transmission for low-orbit aircraft (LOA) is a priority in today's world. The objective of this study is to modify existing encryption methods for LOA to overcome the disadvantages in speed and vulnerability to emerging cyber-attacks, including quantum ones. The main idea is to develop a hybrid approach combining an optimized lightweight stream cipher ChaCha20 with a quantum key distribution protocol BB84. This will provide high encryption speed and information-theoretic key exchange security, which is invulnerable to quantum attacks. The research methodology includes the analysis of existing cryptographic solutions, performance modeling of the proposed hybrid algorithm, and the integration of machine learning-based anomaly detection mechanisms (LSTM) to improve the robustness of the system. The main results show that the proposed method significantly improves throughput, reduces latency and power consumption compared to traditional approaches, while providing resilience to current and future threats. The value of the work lies in contributing to the development of post-quantum cryptography for the aerospace industry and creating a basis for the development of more secure and efficient NOLA communication systems, which has direct practical implications for environmental monitoring, precision agriculture and national security.

Cited by 0Open access

Application Of Hiding Messages With Cryptographic Algorithm Modification of Caesar Cipher and Hill Cipher

Rini Wijayanti, Siska Febriani, Dony Ariyus · 2020

In the current of information technology, we need a way to properly secure message. Message seurity aims to avoid intruders in communication, because the messages sent are confidential. Which can only be accessed by people who have interests. One way to secure messages is by the cryptographic method. There are many cryptograpic algorithms that can be used, such as Caesar Cipher and Hill Cipher. Both of these algorithms are symetric group cryptographic algorithms, because the keys used in the encryption and decryption process use the same key. To provide a double level security, both algorithm modifications were made. Caesar Cipher carried out the conversion process into binary numbers, and carried out XOR operations by shifting keys as an encryption process. Whereas in the Hill Cipher modification is done by using some Regional Bank codes as a key for message encryption and decryption process. The final process to get the ciphertext end result is to do permutations with a modified formula, which is adjusted to needs. The result of this study are a combination of algorithmsthat can be used to secure messages sent tp recipients. The testing process is done by comparing the size of the original image file used with the size of the resulting file size and the number of characters that can be accommodated.

Cited by 0

Modification of Vigenère Cipher to Overcome Kasiski and Friedman Attacks

Ajay Sudhir Bale, Naveen Ghorpade, K Bhagya et al. · 2023

Since the advent of wireless communication, the safe transmission of data from one point to another has been of prime significance and concern. As a result, many algorithms have been developed to encrypt the data being transmitted from the sender's side to avoid unauthorized access. Yet, cybercriminals tend to always find loopholes in algorithms and develop a way to bypass or crack encryption to obtain confidential data. Vigenère Cipher is among the oldest and best-known polyalphabetic ciphers, which uses polyalphabetic substitution with the help of a series of Caesar ciphers to encrypt data. Yet, attackers have found ways to crack the encryption by analyzing the frequency of letters and predicting the key. This paper introduces a new methodology to overcome frequency analysis using the transposition of plain text characters based on the value of the characters from the key being used to encrypt them. As a result, Kasiski and Friedman attacks are nullified on the encrypted text.

Cited by 2

THE NORWEGIAN MODIFICATION OF THE SIEMENS AND HALSKE T52e CIPHER MACHINES

Ernst S. Selmer · Cryptologia · 1994

Two earlier papers in Cryptologia [1, 2] described the WWII German on-line cipher machine known as T52. The circuit which controls the irregular movement of the cam wheels appeared in two forms and it seemed likely that alterations had been made. The reason for these alterations are given in this paper, by the person who made the changes.

Cited by 1

Researching structure and of cryptographic strength of the modification of gamma cipher

Inna Oleksandrivna Rozlomii · Electronics and Communications · 2016

The article deals with the problem of information security of electronic documents. Special attention is focused on cryptographic algorithms for encryption, since it is the main mechanism ensuring the confiden-tiality of documents. The basic requirements for the development of cryptographic systems of electronic document protection has been considered in the article. The improved method of gamma cipher which takes into account the shortcomings of existing algorithms was suggested. Encryption of proposed meth-ods improved by changing the key sequence with each blocks of information. The block diagram of encrip-tion with the modification of gamma cipher was built in result. The criteria that affect the cryptographic strength of encryption were determined. The cryptographic strength of electronic document protection sys-tem built on the basis of the proposed method was researched. Using this modification will increase the effectiveness of electronic documents protection.Referense 13, Figures 4.

Cited by 0Open access

PENYANDIAN CITRA MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA 4D PLAYFAIR CIPHER DENGAN PEMBANGKITAN KUNCI MODIFIKASI LINEAR FEEDBACK SHIFT REGISTER

Rivi Tri Rahayu, Abduh Riski, Ahmad Kamsyakawuni · Majalah Ilmiah Matematika dan Statistika · 2019

The fast development of sophisticated technology make it easier for someone to send a message to other but can also make it easier for third parties to sabotage the content of the message, so a technique called cryptography is needed to secure the message. Image encoding is one of the techniques for securing messages in cryptography. In enhancing security in image encoding, this study discusses about Playfair Cipher, 3D Playfair Cipher and 4D Playfair Cipher with key generation using LFSR Modification. The encryption process using 4D Playfair Cipher with key generation using LFSR Modification visually produces cipher image that is different from the original image compared to using Playfair Cipher and 3D Playfair Cipher. In the decryption process using Playfair Cipher, 3D Playfair Cipher and 4D Playfair Cipher-Modification LFSR can return cipher image to its original image. The result of the study shows that the proposed method can be used to secure the message.
 Keywords: Playfair Cipher, 3D Playfair Cipher, 4D Playfair Cipher, LFSR

Cited by 0Open access

Steganography Technique and Modification of Substitution Cipher Using ASCII Code and Fibonacci Sequences

Musthofa Galih Pradana, Pujo Hari Saputro, Bondan Wahyu Pamekas · CSRID (Computer Science Research and Its Development Journal) · 2021

<br /><em>Cryptography is widely used to secure data and information so that it is not easily misused by parties who are not interested in the data. One type of cryptographic algorithm is Caesar Cipher and Vigenere Cipher. Both of these algorithms are classic cryptographic algorithms that need to be modified so that they become more optimal in the data security process. The first modification is to modify the Vigenere key using Fibonacci. In general, Vigenere Cipher will repeat the same keyword to complete the number of characters that are lacking so that the number of characters is the same as the number of characters in the plaintext. The second modification is to change or convert plaintext letters into ASCII letters so that the code is more difficult to solve. After the ASCII conversion process is done, the next results will be converted back in Hexa letters. In addition to the two modifications made, the steganography technique is also added by hiding the code behind the media in the form of images. Images that are sampled will be renamed and stored in different places.</em>

Cited by 0Open access