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Reliability analysis.

Hamda AlKetbi (10960635), Fatma Hegazy (10994273), Arwa Alnaqbi (10960629) et al. · Figshare · 2021

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Reliability analysis.

Veronica Kembabazi (19429167), Arnold Tigaiza (13874096), Charles Opio (19429170) et al. · Figshare · 2024

<div><p>Background</p><p>Whereas digital payments have been identified as a solution to health payment challenges, evidence on their adoptability among Community Health Workers (CHWs) is limited. Understanding their adoptability is crucial for sustainability. This study assessed the adoptability of digital payments for CHWs in Wakiso district, Uganda.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted between November and December 2022, in Wakiso district, Uganda. We surveyed a random sample of 150 CHWs using a structured questionnaire and conducted key informant interviews among three purposively selected Digital payment coordinators. The study utilized the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework to assess the adoptability of digital payments among CHWs. Factor analysis was performed to extract composite variables from the original constituting variables. Using the median, the outcome was converted to a binary variable and logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between the TAM constructs and adoptability of digital payments by CHWs. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA 14, while qualitative data was transcribed verbatim and analyzed using ATLAS.ti 22.</p><p>Results</p><p>Nearly all participants (98.0%; n = 49) had previously received payments through mobile money, a digital payment method. (52%; n = 78) of CHWs said they intend to use digital payment modalities. Perceived risk of digital payments was associated with 83% lower odds of adoptability of digital payment modalities (OR = 0.17;95%CI:0.052, 0.54), while perceived trust had nearly three times higher odds of adoptability of digital payment modalities (OR = 2.82;95%CI:1.41, 5.67). Qualitative interviews showed that most CHWs reported positive experiences with digital health payments, including effectiveness and completeness of payments except for delays associated with mobile money payments across payment providers. Mobile money was reported to be easy to use, in addition to fostering financial responsibility compared to cash.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>CHWs in Wakiso district intend to use digital payment modalities, particularly mobile money/e-cash. Perceived risk of the payment method and trust are key determinants of adoptability. Synergized efforts by both payment providers to manage payment delays and mitigate risks associated with digital payments could attenuate perceived risk and build trust in digital payment modalities.</p></div>

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Reliability Analysis

2018

Of the thousands of measurement scales that have been constructed, two critical questions are asked of each: “Is it reliable?“ and “Is it valid?“ The question of reliability (the topic of this chapter) addresses the issue of whether this instrument will produce the same results each time it is administered to the same person in the same setting. Instruments used in the sciences are generally considered reliable if they produce similar results regardless of who administers them and regardless of which forms are used. The tests given to Nehemiah were certainly reliable: The same tests given many times over several weeks would yield a 40-yard dash of about 4.2 seconds, a vertical leap of about 53 inches, and a bench press of about 355 pounds. But this raised the second question. The cognoscenti of football coined the phrase, “Yeah, but can he take a hit?“ You see, in track and field it is considered impolite to tackle your opponent while running a hurdles race! They acknowledged Nehemiah’s exceptional physical skills, but he hadn’t played football since high school. Were these measures of physical skill good predictors of his ability to play in the NFL? They were concerned about the validity of the measure used by the 49ers. In a general sense, validity asks the question, “Does it actually measure what it is trying to measure?“ In the case of Nehemiah, they wondered if measures of 40 yards speed, leaping ability, and strength actually measured his ability to play professional football.

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Reliability Analysis

Darren George, Paul Mallery · 2021

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Reliability analysis.

Khizar Ansar Malik (15231874), Ayesha Fahim (15231868), Abeer Anjum (22821854) et al. · Figshare · 2025

<div> Objective A positive clinical learning environment is essential for the professional development of medical and dental students. The Healthcare Education Micro Learning Environment Measure (HEMLEM) was originally developed in the UK but lacked cross-cultural validation, limiting its global applicability. This study aims to adapt and validate a revised version of HEMLEM (HEMLEM 2.0) in Pakistani medical and dental schools, with a focus on factorial structure, measurement invariance, and psychometric robustness. Methodology The HEMLEM was culturally adapted and validated for content and face validity through expert assessments and pilot testing to evaluate Pakistani medical and dental institution’s micro-learning environment. A subsequent cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the tool’s construct validity and reliability using a sample population. Data was collected using a revised 12-item HEMLEM instrument administered via Google Forms. Descriptive statistics, including skewness and kurtosis, were calculated. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to compare one-factor, three-factor, and bifactor models. Measurement invariance was tested across gender and academic discipline (MBBS/BDS) using multi-group CFA. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega. Results A 20-expert panel assessed the content validity of HEMLEM tool, with an I-CVI score above 0.78 for each item and UA-CVI at 0.8. Ten items were revised based on feedback, forming HEMLEM 2.0. Construct validity was evaluated through responses from 628 Pakistani medical and dental students. The three-factor model of HEMLEM 2.0, comprising “Supervision,” “Autonomy,” and “Atmosphere,” demonstrated good fit (CFI = 0.932, RMSEA = 0.081) and was preferred over the bifactor model due to theoretical parsimony. Full configural, metric, and scalar invariances were confirmed across both gender and discipline. Item-level skewness and kurtosis indicated acceptable normality. Reliability testing showed Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.897, Omega coefficient of 0.929, and composite reliability of 0.901, indicating strong internal consistency. Conclusion HEMLEM 2.0 is a culturally adapted, psychometrically robust tool for assessing the clinical micro-learning environment in Pakistani healthcare education. Its strong validity and reliability support its use for quality improvement, curriculum evaluation, and educational research. Future studies should examine test-retest reliability, specialty-specific insights, and applicability in other low- and middle-income countries. </div>

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Reliability Analysis

Bent Natvig · Encyclopedia of Actuarial Science · 2004

Abstract In reliability analysis, one is interested in studying the reliability of a technological system being small or large. As examples of small systems, we have washing machines and cars, whereas tankers, oil rigs, and nuclear power plants are examples of large systems. By the reliability of a system, we will mean the probability that it functions as intended. It might be tacitly assumed that we consider the system only for a specified period of time (for instance, one year) and under specified conditions (for instance, disregarding war actions and sabotage). Furthermore, one has to make clear what is meant by functioning. For oil rigs and nuclear power plants, it might be to avoid serious accidents such as a blowout or a core‐melt. Reliability analysis is a very helpful tool in risk assessment when determining the insurance premiums for risks, especially of rare events, associated with large systems consisting of both technological and human components. Furthermore, reliability analysis is relevant in risk management of any technological system, the aim now being to say something helpful on how to avoid accidents. This is an area of growing importance representing an enormous challenge for an insurance company.

Cited by 1

Reliability analysis.

Xiaotong Ren (15244904), Aimin Zhu (18813541), Jiao Yu (4097278) et al. · Figshare · 2025

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Public sector employees, as the crucial link between the party, government, and the general public, represent the frontline in safeguarding the interests of the people and providing services to them. They profoundly influence the implementation and execution of national policy directives. Using data from China’s Labor Force Survey and employing a combination of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, this research constructs an evaluation index system for public sector employees’ Professional Identity. By dividing the evaluation index system into secondary indicators, and utilizing a structural equation standardization model, the study accurately determines the extent to which each level of indicators within the evaluation index system influences Professional Identity. This research provides pathway recommendations to enhance the Professional Identity of public sector employees, with the aim of mitigating occupational burnout and improving the quality of public services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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Reliability analysis

Gossner, S., Guldner, W., Dietlmeier, W. et al. · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)

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Reliability analysis.

Huiqian Li (16436895), Cheng Zhou (307152) · Figshare · 2023

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Background&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leadership style and job satisfaction are currently hot issues in the field of management psychology research, especially with regard to young employees.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Objective&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study attempted to explain the mechanism of improving employees’ job satisfaction by combining the key factors of work-family balance and psychological capital.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Methods&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We adopted the literature method, questionnaire survey method, and statistics method to conduct the research. And we conducted structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of 540 young university employees in China using the random sampling method for sampling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Based on the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of 540 young university employees in China, the results show that inclusive leadership has a positive impact on improving employees’ job satisfaction and that work-family balance is beneficial to serving leaders in improving employees’ job satisfaction. Simultaneously, psychological capital positively moderates the indirect effect of inclusive leadership on improving job satisfaction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conclusion&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The final model revealed an important path from inclusive leadership to job satisfaction through work-family balance. These findings not only extend and enrich the relevant research on the relationship between inclusive leadership and job satisfaction but also shed some light on university management practice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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Reliability analysis.

Nilesh Jayanandana (17684229), Ruwan Jayathilaka (9557787) · Figshare · 2023

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study investigated the influence of the physical work environment, work life balance, work flexibility, and effective communication on the job performance of IT professionals in Sri Lanka’s IT industry who work from home (WFH). A standard questionnaire was used to collect data from 293 IT specialists in 50 different IT organizations in Sri Lanka, and a stepwise probit model was employed for data analysis. According to the findings, both the physical work environment and work life balance had a significantly positive effect on job performance. A one-unit increase in the physical work environment and work life balance increased the likelihood of high job performance by 0.21% and 0.19%, respectively. In contrast, work flexibility had a negative effect on job performance, with an increase of one unit resulting in a 0.18% decrease in the likelihood of high job performance. The positive impact of effective communication on job performance was less significant. The study emphasises the significance of providing a conducive work environment and promoting work life balance to enhance the job performance of IT professionals in Sri Lanka’s IT industry who WFH.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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Reliability Analysis

Stephen M. Croucher, Stephanie Kelly, Cheng Zeng · 2025

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Reliability Analysis

Weicheng Cui, Shixiao Fu, Zhiqiang Hu · Encyclopedia of Ocean Engineering · 2022

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Reliability Analysis.

Richard E. Barlow, William S. Jewell, Sheldon M. Ross · 1986

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Reliability Analysis

Frontier research in computation and mechanics of materials and biology · 2023

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Reliability analysis.

Nour El Hoda Saleh (22641021), Ali Orabi (22641024), Sleiman Fneish (22641027) et al. · Figshare · 2025

<div> Background Community integration is a critical factor influencing the quality of life for individuals with physical disabilities. However, there is a lack of culturally adapted tools to assess community integration in Arabic-speaking populations. This study aimed to translate, validate, and examine the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Community Integration Questionnaire (AR-CIQ) among Lebanese adults with physical disabilities. Methods A total of 150 individuals with various physical disabilities participated in the study. The AR-CIQ was translated and adapted to the Lebanese cultural context. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to determine the factor structure, while reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients. Correlations between community integration and quality of life (QOL) were also explored using the SF-12 questionnaire. Results The EFA revealed a four-factor structure of the AR-CIQ, which explained 68.27% of the total variance. These factors included social outdoor integration, productive and social management, domestic integration, and social support. The reliability of the AR-CIQ subscales varied, with the domestic integration subscale showing excellent internal consistency (α = 0.830). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between community integration and QOL, with the mental health component (MCS-12) showing a moderate positive correlation with community integration (r = 0.418, p < 0.01). Conclusion The AR-CIQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing community integration in Lebanese adults with physical disabilities. Its factor structure reflects the unique cultural and contextual aspects of Lebanon. This study highlights the need for culturally sensitive tools in disability research and suggests that enhancing community integration could improve mental health outcomes for individuals with physical disabilities. Future research should explore longitudinal outcomes and the effectiveness of community-based interventions to further support the integration of individuals with disabilities in Lebanese society. </div>

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Reliability Analysis

Hui Yang, Haitao Zhao · Satellite navigation technology. · 2024

Cited by 1

Reliability analysis.

Attila Lajos Makai (16378671), Tibor Dőry (16378674) · Figshare · 2023

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The exploration of entrepreneurship has become a priority for scientific research in recent years. Understanding this phenomenon is particularly important for the transformation of entrepreneurship into action, which is a key factor in early-stage entrepreneurial activity. This gains particular relevance in the university environment, where, in addition to the conventional teaching and research functions, the entrepreneurial university operation based on open innovation, as well as the enhancement of entrepreneurial attitudes of researchers and students, are receiving increased attention. This study is based on a survey conducted among students attending a Hungarian university of applied science in Western Transdanubia Region who have demonstrated their existing entrepreneurial commitment by joining a national startup training and incubation programme. The main research question of the study is to what extent student entrepreneurship intention is influenced by the environment of the entrepreneurial university ecosystem and the support services available at the university. A further question is whether these factors are able to mitigate the negative effects of internal cognitive and external barriers by enhancing entrepreneurial attitudes and perceived behavioural control. The relatively large number of students involved in the programme allows the data to be analysed using SEM modelling. The results indicate a strong covariance between the perceived university support and environment among students. Another observation is the distinct effect of these institutional factors on perceived behavioural control of students.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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Reliability analysis.

Shahid Mehmood (1707889), Maham Rasool (17873747), Masood Ahmed (3504503) et al. · Figshare · 2024

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Workplace events play a significant role in shaping the performance of employees and organizations. Negative events, in particular, require careful attention due to their severe impact on employee wellbeing and performance. Workplace bullying and incivility are two negative events that can cause significant harm to employees and contribute to poor performance. This study examines the effects of workplace bullying and incivility on employee performance in the presence of perceived psychological wellbeing (PWB), with the moderating role of perceived organizational support (POS) considered for both independent variables and employee performance (EP). The study focuses on female nurses working in the healthcare sector of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The results of the study indicate that workplace bullying and incivility have adverse effects on employee performance and that PWB mediates these relationships. Moreover, perceived organizational support moderates the relationship between both predictors and the employee performance criterion. In conclusion, the findings of this study highlight the importance of creating a positive and supportive work environment to mitigate the negative effects of workplace bullying and incivility on employee performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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Reliability Analysis.

Ahmed Muneeb Mehta (21519497), Syeeduz Zafar Qazi (21519500), Rasheedul Haque (14189427) et al. · Figshare · 2025

<div> This study examines the influence of Systematic Strategic Planning (SSP) on the Sustainable Performance (SP) of manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan. Despite SMEs’ vital contribution to economic growth, there is limited empirical research on how strategic planning enhances sustainable performance in SMEs operating in emerging economies facing political and economic instability. Drawing on the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) and Resource-Based View (RBV) theories, this study investigates the mediating roles of Strategic Intent (SI) and Strategic Formulation (SF) in the SSP-SP relationship. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to senior executives and decision-makers of manufacturing SMEs. A total of 410 valid responses were received. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using AMOS 28 software to analyze the data and test the hypothesized relationships. The results demonstrate that SSP has a significant direct effect on SP and an indirect effect through SI and SF. Specifically, the components of SSP—strategic analysis, strategy creation, strategy execution, and monitoring and evaluation—enhance SMEs’ economic, environmental, and social performance. The study highlights that adopting systematic strategic planning practices enables SMEs to navigate complex and uncertain environments, achieve competitive advantage, and contribute to sustainable development goals. This research fills a critical gap in the literature by focusing on manufacturing SMEs in Pakistan, an under-researched context in the sustainability and strategic management fields. It offers practical insights for SME managers and policymakers to develop and implement comprehensive strategic planning frameworks that foster sustainability. The study also provides theoretical contributions by integrating SI and SF as key mediators within the TBL and RBV theoretical frameworks. </div>

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Reliability analysis.

Olaia Fontal (18275489), Alex Ibañez-Etxeberria (18275492), Víctor B. Arias (5433299) et al. · Figshare · 2024

&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The assessment of heritage learning in digital environments lacks instruments that measure it with sufficient guarantees of accuracy, validity, and reliability. This study attempts to fill this gap by developing an instrument that has shown solid metric qualities. The process of design and calibration of a scale applied to 1,454 participants between 19 and 63 years of age is presented in this article. Exploratory factor analysis (Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling ESEM) and Item Response Theory models (Graded Response Model GRM) were used. Sufficient evidence of both reliability and validity based on content and internal structure was obtained. Invariance of scores as a function of gender and age of participants has also been demonstrated. The discrimination parameters of the items have been found to be high, and the test information curves have shown that the subscales measure with sufficient precision wide ranges of the respective latent variables. The instrument presents wide possibilities of application to various areas of Heritage Education (e.g., design of programs in HE, definition and planning of teaching objectives, evaluation of programs, etc., in virtual environments).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

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