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About 10,000 papers for “security levels”

Security Levels

Hollerbach, Eric G · ScholarWorks @ The University of New Orleans (The University of New Orleans) · 2015

Cited by 0Open access

Security Levels

Eric Hollerbach · Ellipsis A Journal of Art Ideas and Literature · 2015

Cited by 0Open access

ISA/IEC 62443 Security Levels

2026

This appendix provides an overview of the ISA/IEC 62443 security levels (SLs) and how an organization would use them as part of its design process.As noted in the Preface, this book is not intended to provide guidance to control system engineers on how to perform cybersecurity design.Instead, this section provides an informal background on how SLs are used in the design process.Appendix D explores the ramifications of assigning a particular SL, which is much like the impact of assigning a security integrity level (SIL) in terms of the difficulty and expense of implementing the design. Standard TermsISA 62443-1-1 defines an SL as a "level corresponding to the required effectiveness of countermeasures and inherent security properties of devices and systems for a zone or conduit based on assessment of risk for the zone or conduit." 1 1 ISA-62443-1-1 (99.01.

Cited by 0Open access

Security levels of current biometric identification

O'RINOV NODIRBEK TOXIRJONOVICH, ABDURXMANOV JAMOLIDIN KOMOLDINOVICH, OLIMOV MUSLIMBEK ULUG'BEK O'G'LI · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2021

The problem of minimizing the possibility of obtaining unauthorized access to information is investigated. The concept of the authentication process and its types are considered. Described are static and dynamic biometric authentication methods based on the use of biometric characteristics such as fingerprint, iris, retina, hand geometry, face geometry, face thermogram, voice and handwriting. The advantages of dynamic methods of biometric authentication are revealed. Based on the results of the analysis of these methods, it was proposed to use facial expressions as a biometric characteristic. It is concluded that the most modern and promising method of biometric authentication is the assessment of the emotional state and facial expressions through constant covert monitoring using a web camera. The prospect of research in the development of this method of bio-metric authentication is the development of a mathematical apparatus, methods and technologies of algorithmic, information and software in this subject area. The development of the mathematical apparatus should be based on the use of methods of local binary templates and nearest neighbors. The method based on the assessment of the emotional state and facial expressions is the most promising, however, research in this area is currently at the stage of development, which does not give a complete picture of all the possibilities of applying the method. <strong>Keywords: </strong>identification, authentication, biometric authentication, biometric characteristics, static methods, dynamic methods,

Cited by 0Open access

LEVELS OF SECURITY AND POSTMODERN SOCIETY

Svilen Stefanov, Венелин Терзиев, V. Banabakova · IJASOS- International E-journal of Advances in Social Sciences · 2018

The rapid development of science and technology has led to the emergence of a crisis in society. Science „ pushes “ religion, but does not offer a new moral code in its place. The definitions of „ security “ are almost as many and as controversial as postmodernism. For the purposes of this study, however, it will be sufficient to define security as „ the functional state of a system that provides for the neutralization and counteraction of external and internal factors affecting or potentially damaging the system. This scientific article presents a study, which seeks to answer the question why the paradigm „ security “ is so important in the postmodern society, what are the roots of its influence and meaning, and to seek conclusions and guidelines for its increase. The main features of the postmodern society, some prerequisites and their implications, as well as their impact on the security of all its levels are examined. The subject of the study is the postmodern society with its specific features, and the subject - the security as an indissoluble element of the social relations in the contemporary world.

Cited by 3Open access

Data-driven Security Assessments for Predicting Information Security Maturity Levels

Alva Hendi Muhammad, Muh Hanafi, Kumara Ari Yuana et al. · Journal of Internet Services and Information Security · 2025

This study investigates the use of machine learning to improve Information Security Risk Assessment (ISRA), with a particular emphasis on the KAMI framework, which is adapted from ISO 27001. It compares the performance of conventional machine learning algorithms, such as Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, and Support Vector Machine, with advanced boosting methods, including CatBoost, Gradient Boosting, LightGBM, and XGBoost. Findings reveal that boosting models outperform traditional classifiers, with CatBoost achieving the highest accuracy (98.45%) and balanced evaluation metrics, demonstrating strong capabilities in managing complex and imbalanced datasets. The integration of machine learning into the KAMI framework effectively addresses key cybersecurity challenges, including the analysis of unstructured data and the expansion of assessment coverage. This research highlights the practical benefits for organizations and technology providers by showing how ML-powered tools can streamline risk assessments, enhance strategic decision-making, and strengthen cybersecurity resilience. By aligning with global standards and utilizing AI, the study contributes to the advancement of efficient and scalable ISRA methodologies, paving the way for future innovation at the intersection of machine learning and cybersecurity

Cited by 0Open access

Evaluation Method for Information Security Levels of

Soon-tai Park, Jong-whoi Shin, Bog-ki Min et al. · 2013

Abstract—As the information age matures, major social infrastructures such as communication, finance, military and energy, have become ever more dependent on information communication systems. And since these infrastructures are connected to the Internet, electronic intrusions such as hacking and viruses have become a new security threat. Especially, disturbance or neutralization of a major social infrastructure can result in extensive material damage and social disorder. To address this issue, many nations around the world are researching and developing various techniques and information security policies as a government-wide effort to protect their infrastructures from newly emerging threats. This paper proposes an evaluation method for information security levels of CIIP (Critical Information Infrastructure Protection), which can enhance the security level of critical information infrastructure by checking the current security status and establish security measures accordingly to protect infrastructures effectively.

Cited by 0

Coordination of Security Levels for Internet Architectures

Eduardo Fernandez Dept · 1999

Internet systems provide a variety of ways to exchange information, contain large amounts and variety of data, and have become quite complex, making them vulnerable to attacks from determined hackers. There are many products used currently to stop these attacks but they suffer from lack of completeness, they only apply to one type of attack. Several mechanisms are needed for a comprehensive defense but this incurs in the problem of their lack of coordination, which can be exploited for attacks. We propose a way to coordinate different mechanisms based on a unified object-oriented modeling approach and a hierarchical architecture whose layers define the scope of each security mechanism.

Cited by 0

Chapter 12 Service Levels, Security, and Trust

Florian Marienfeld, Edzard Höfig, Michele Bezzi et al. · 2013

Abstract This chapter covers the scientific background for the Service Level Module of the Unified Service Description Language (USDL). In addition to general service level concepts, we expand on two specific service level fields: security and trust. For that end we first review the state of the art in service level modeling, then we explain the design of the Service Level Module and position it among the rest of USDL. For security, two possible perspectives, a high level business view and a low level engineering approach, are introduced. With regards to trust, USDL is suitable to specify how a service can be rated by its consumers and to ensure that ratings of competing services are comparable, and hence to determine trustworthiness. Additionally, we present a description of non-security-related elements that can be exploited for trust estimation.

Cited by 0

Randomness as the Security Levels of Investments

Tanaka-Yamawaki Mieko, Yang Xin, Mikamori Yuuta · Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications · 2013

We propose to use the degree of randomness of high frequency price time series for the purpose of measuring the security levels of stock investments. We employ the RMT-test (quantitative version) as a tool to measure the randomness. We use the tick-wise prices of selected stocks in Tokyo Stock Exchange Market for three years from 2007 to 2009. We select 14 industrial sectors that satisfy the conditions for the RMT-test to apply. The condition to choose the 14 sectors is that a selected sector has at least 10 stocks having data length longer than 170,000. From each sector, we choose 4 most active stocks and compare their randomness levels. It is shown that the stock of the highest level of randomness performs better than the stock of the lowest level of randomness in each of the 14 selected sectors, throughout the following year.

Cited by 0

Partial Multimedia Encryption with Different Security Levels

Yicong Zhou, Karen Panetta, Sos Aagaian · 2008

This paper presents three multimedia encryption algorithms base on a new generalized P-gray code (GPGC) to protect the surveillance data in homeland security applications. The GPGC is a k-digital parametric sequence suitable for any base, n. It is also called the (n, k, p)-gray code where p is a parameter that allows the users to change the distance to yield different gray code sequences. The base n and parameter p as security keys have many options to make the encrypted multimedia difficult to decode. This allows the encrypted objects to be protected with high levels of security. The experimental results verify that the presented algorithms are lossless approaches and good at partial multimedia encryption. A method of measuring the percentage of image encryption is introduced and the measure results are also provided to quantify the encryption performance. Experiments demonstrate that the algorithms show good performance for the common attacks. Due to the low complexity of the algorithms, they are also suitable for real-time applications. The principles behind the presented solutions may be applied to various image, audio, and video systems.

Cited by 14

'Amazing' stress levels in high security units

Ian McMillan · Mental Health Practice · 1998

Nurses in high-security hospitals are suffering from 'staggering' levels of stress, the independent inquiry into Ashworth Hospital's personality disorders unit heard last month when it met at Liverpool's Adelphi Hotel.

Cited by 1