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About 3,084 papers for “structural retrofitting”
Dumas, Pierre, M. Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · 2012
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.
Cited by 0Open access
Mangesh V. Joshi, S. V. Vivek · Lecture notes in civil engineering · 2024
Cited by 0
Dumas, Pierre, M. Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · 2012
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.
Cited by 0Open access
Leonard J. Kriesky · 1991
This publication, Retrofitting Fossil Plant Facilities: Structural Perspectives, was prepared by the Retrofit Task Committee of the Fossil Power Committee of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Retrofit projects may be necessary for a variety of reasons such as compliance with new regulations, replacement of worn out plant components, and replacement of outdated equipment. This report is a guide for engineers who are responsible for retrofitting fossil power plant facilities. The steps, methods, and procedures the structural engineering team should follow to ensure a safe and economical design of a retrofit are identified. The first steps involve: 1) Establishing the original plant design parameters and criteria; 2) defining the existing structural configuration and condition; and 3) determining the design philosophy of the owner. Next, guidelines are presented for the preparation of a retrofit project design criteria based on this accumulated information; and methods are presented to eliminate or reduce the cost of structural modifications. Finally, the last chapter provides design and construction details for implementing reinforcement schemes for the three major structural components of fossil power plants: structural steel, reinforced concrete, and foundations.
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Bhattarai, Subash · Mendeley Data · 2024
In Nepal, the structural design of public health facilities adheres to building codes, while functional aspects follow health construction guidelines. Given Nepal's high seismic risk and climate change impacts, retrofitting these facilities for resilience is crucial. Climate change disrupts daily life, affecting livelihoods and public health, necessitating comprehensive strategies like climate retrofitting. Climate retrofitting enhances buildings, infrastructure, and systems to withstand climate change effects, ensuring functionality, sustainability, and reduced environmental impact. It incorporates energy-efficient designs, water management systems, disaster response plans, and environmental health protection measures. Transitioning from structural to climate retrofitting requires engineers to lead. They should develop facilities resistant to extreme weather, environmental hazards, and service disruptions. Engineering associations can promote climate resilience through training programs, collaboration, advocacy for policies, and global initiatives. Universities play a role by integrating climate resilience into engineering curricula and engaging students in research. These proactive steps empower engineers and architects to design healthcare facilities resilient to climate change, ensuring continued essential services delivery despite challenges. Overall, proactive measures by engineering bodies and universities contribute significantly to developing a workforce capable of planning and designing climate-resilient healthcare facilities, safeguarding essential healthcare services for communities amidst climate adversity
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Selcuk Kaçın, Gökhan Gürsoy · International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science · 2017
In this study, structural strengthening on Turkey's oldest iron and steel factory, Iskenderun Iron and Steel Co. Ltd. (ISDEMIR)'s No:1 Blast Furnace Aspiration Concrete Chimneys were examined. These reinforced concrete chimneys were built according to the Russian standard in 1975. For reinforced concrete chimney concrete and reinforcing rebar, Russian Norm standards have been translated into norms that used in Turkey. For years, industrial dynamic effects, occurring in the region through strong winds and heavy industrial dust circulation in the chimney consisted of visible damage to the chimney. For the determination of the current status of the chimney infrared detection devices were used for the location, identification of reinforcement steel bars. Tensile tests were used on reinforcing bars to determine the material properties of steel rebar.
Cited by 3Open access
Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens Kew)
In this study, structural strengthening on Turkey's oldest iron and steel factory, Iskenderun Iron and Steel Co. Ltd. (ISDEMIR)'s No:1 Blast Furnace Aspiration Concrete Chimneys were examined. These reinforced concrete chimneys were built according to the Russian standard in 1975. For reinforced concrete chimney concrete and reinforcing rebar, Russian Norm standards have been translated into norms that used in Turkey. For years, industrial dynamic effects, occurring in the region through strong winds and heavy industrial dust circulation in the chimney consisted of visible damage to the chimney. For the determination of the current status of the chimney infrared detection devices were used for the location, identification of reinforcement steel bars. Tensile tests were used on reinforcing bars to determine the material properties of steel rebar. Compressive tests were performed on concrete core samples. After a detailed investigation a concrete jacketing method is utilized to strengthened the 59.2 m long chimney. This study will summarize details of the strengthening on the chimney.
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Mohammad A. Alzubi · Research & Development in Material Science · 2025
Cited by 0Open access
Azharuddin Humnabad · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2021
Civil Engineering Industry is one of the oldest industries which provide a basic infrastructure to all the human beings. Structures can be any kind it can be Historical, Heritage Structure, Residential building, Commercial building or an Industrial building. Every structure has its own service life, and within this service life it should stand firmly on its position. Ex- A Taj Mahal in Agra in India which is one of the oldest structures and a Wonders of the World, and still stand on its position very efficiently. But this not a condition about the today’s Structures. A collapsed mechanism has increased and today’s Structures are getting collapsed before there service life is completed. Therefore, it is advisable to monitor it periodically by taking a professional opinion. Structural Audit is a preliminary technical survey of a building to assess its general health as a civil engineering structure. It is usually initiated as the first step for repair. In this Project a Root Cause of a faulty mechanism of structure and a preventive measure to overcome a failure of this structures. The construction material mainly reinforced concrete is being used extensively for various types of construction projects. However, the deterioration of Reinforced Concrete structures is recognized as a major problem worldwide. Apart from requiring regular maintenance, many structures require extensive Repair, Rehabilitation & Retrofitting. Over a period of time, as these structures become older, we find in them certain degradation or deterioration with resultant distress manifested in the form of cracking, splitting, delaminating, corrosion etc. Such deteriorated structures can be rehabilitated and retrofitted by using various types of admixtures & modern repair materials. The paper brings out the present state of concrete structures & the major areas where improvement is needed during its service life stage for sustainable development & also the method of carrying out Repair, Rehabilitation &Retrofitting. This has been brought in details in the paper along with Case studies, where the Author of the paper was directly involved in planning and execution of the job.
Cited by 0Open access
Mohd Najmi Mansor, Lee Choon Siang · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · 2019
The recent JKR study for "Vulnerability Studies to Existing Building due to Seismic Activities in Sabah" had discovered considerable number of existing buildings suffer different levels of risk under seismic actions. Recognizing these existing building does inherit some design deficiencies in their earlier design stage, these deficiencies can be overcome either by enhancing the performance existing members or adding new structural elements to achieve the desired earthquake resistance level in terms of section capacity and interstorey drift. Few approaches outlined within the FEMA 547/2006 "Techniques for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings' had been used with this study in seek for most suitable retrofitting method in terms of performance, constructability and cost effectiveness. Three types of feasible retrofitting methods were covered within this paper, the performance comparison among retrofitting each method would be discussed as well. The evaluation criteria and upgrade schemes have been derived from analysis and assessment for this school facility building. The comparison for all the proposed methods of retrofitting an existing building can be measured in the terms of cost over average performance ratio. It can be concluded that each method is having specific advantages in the aspect of structural performance and cost-effective measures subjected to the characteristic of each studied approach.
Cited by 2Open access
B. Bhuvaneshwari, Nagesh R. Iyer · Elsevier eBooks · 2024
Cited by 0
Awam, Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan · UNDIP Institutional Repository (UNDIP-IR) (Diponegoro University) · 2021
This study aims examine the effect earning management and company profitability on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in Indonesia's banks.Corporate social responsibility disclosure measured by GRI 4.0 and ISO 26000 : corporate social responsibility.This study use secondary data and the sample in this study were bank companies listed in BEI during 2013-2015.Sampling method in this study use purposive sampling, the method of sample selection by using certain criteria.Model from Beaver and Engel (1996) is used to measure earning management, where earning management proxied by loan loss allowance (LLA).Multiple regression used to test data in this study.The result show that earning management are positively significant to CSR disclosure based on GRI and ISO 26000.While, company's profitability has negative significant to CSR disclosure.Control variable company size and leverage has significant to CSR disclosure based GRI and ISO 26000.
Cited by 0Open access
Luigi of Di Sarno, Danah Albuhairi · Preprints.org · 2024
With challenged early detection came the collapse of a school roof, initiating a storm of public mistrust and hundreds of schools under investigation in the United Kingdom. The culprit is a poorly understood material heavily used in the 1950s to mid-1990s, reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC). As a lightweight material with excellent insulation, RAAC was mainly used in roof and floor panels in many parts of the world. However, RAAC has a comparatively weak compressive strength, poor reinforcement anchorage, and high permeability and susceptibility to creep. The uniqueness of RAAC properties is exacerbated by poor manufacturing, negligent construction and maintenance as well as structural deviations from original design intent. Current guidance lacks in specifying RAAC management strategies beyond recommendations for periodic surveying. This paper delivers a state-of-the-art review of the material properties and structural performance of RAAC to recommend improved measures characterised by non-destructive testing methods and digital asset management. The reviewed literature targets understanding the influence of variable environmental exposure conditions, reinforcement condition, operational loading variations, structural deficiencies, and ageing, to predict their effect on the mechanism of RAAC failure. The established risk factors of RAAC are examined to inform of feasible response strategies against specific issues encountered in affected RAAC structures such as inadequate bearings, compromised transverse reinforcement, and environmental conditions.
Cited by 2Open access
MAGRI, ANNA, COLOMBO, MATTEO, DI PRISCO, MARCO · Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha) · 2012
Strengthening of existing concrete structures is becoming one of the most important issue for structural engineering. This requirement comes from that old buildings often were not designed for earthquake loads. Traditional methods of seismic retrofitting follow two main principles: the request for an increase of strength and stiffness and/or the attempt of mass reduction. A good combination of high compressive and tensile strength can be obtain by using Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) and Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHFRC). For studying the contribution in the post-crack behavior due to the retrofitting material, a new technique, Double Edge Wedge Splitting (DEWS), was adopted. The idea is to investigate the stress distribution on a repaired section of a notched original specimen loaded in pure tension. The uncoupling of tension and compression stress flows, that is the major advantage over bending and Brazilian tests of DEWS tests, is guaranteed by double notch of the specimen. The experimental program included DEWS tests on traditional concrete slab (30 cm × 30 cm × 10 cm) strengthened with two possible retrofitting solutions: TRM reinforced with Alkali Resistant glass fabric and Ultra High Performance concrete reinforced with steel fibers. Before casting the repairing layers, the traditional concrete was pre-cracked reproducing a crack opening corresponding to uncracked, SLS and ULS crack opening.
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Pedro Delgado, Victorino Rodrigues, Patrı́cio Rocha et al. · Open Repository of the University of Porto (University of Porto) · 2005
Many structures representative of the typical construction of the seventies were designed based on codes without adequately considering the seismic design, thus probably lacking structural safety when compared with structures designed according to new codes. Such structures are very likely to require retrofit interventions that should be thoroughly assessed both in terms of the technical feasibility and economical viability, bearing in mind the huge number of existing structures in such conditions. In that context, this paper presents different seismic retrofit techniques applied to reinforced concrete elements numerically simulated and experimentally tested under cyclic loads. The paper first addresses the experimental setup, specially designed to perform biaxial bending with axial load using two horizontal and orthogonal actuators and one vertical actuator (the later with a slide device to allow top displacements of the column) and proceeds with the presentation of the test campaign on several RC columns presently underway at the Laboratory of Earthquake and Structural Engineering of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto. Some comparisons between the experimental results and numerical simulation for cyclic response prediction are also presented and, as a key-issue of the work, the structural safety improvement achieved with each of the adopted retrofit techniques is also discussed. In line with this, the basic aim is therefore to contribute for development and calibration of a procedure that enables the efficiency evaluation for different retrofit solutions and clearly establishes their possibilities and fields of application.
Cited by 2Open access
Jhon Philip Camayang, J. Padilla · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · 2025
Abstract Seismic retrofitting is essential for improving the resilience of existing structures, particularly in earthquake-prone areas. This review explores recent advancements in retrofitting techniques, including fiber-reinforced polymer composites, concrete jacketing, steel bracing systems, and innovative materials such as shape memory alloys. The study highlights the effectiveness, sustainability, and energy efficiency of these techniques, emphasizing their role in enhancing structural strength and minimizing seismic damage. Machine learning and advanced modelling approach-es are also discussed for optimizing retrofitting strategies. The purpose of this re-view is to provide a comprehensive analysis of current methodologies, innovations, and materials used in seismic retrofitting, offering insights into the protection of both modern and heritage structures.
Cited by 0Open access
Luigi Di Sarno, Danah Albuhairi · Buildings · 2024
The sudden collapse of a school roof in the UK brought widespread attention to the structural integrity of buildings constructed with reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC), a material widely used from the 1950s to the mid-1990s. RAAC, known for its lightweight and insulating properties, has been found to suffer from weak compressive strength, poor reinforcement anchorage, and high susceptibility to environmental degradation. The structural profiles of RAAC panels in the UK are unique, particularly in their reinforcement configurations and failure modes, which limits the applicability of the existing literature from other regions. This paper conducts a state-of-the-art review, identifying a significant gap in current research due to the unique challenges posed by RAAC in the UK, and highlights the need for novel methodologies. In response to this gap, the paper introduces a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework utilising the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method to assess the interdependencies of RAAC defects. This methodology quantifies the influence of observed defects and guides the selection of appropriate remediation strategies, offering a more structured and objective approach to RAAC panel assessment and retrofitting. Practically, this study aligns with ongoing research efforts towards the digitalisation of RAAC management by integrating the MCDA model within digital asset management systems. This integration supports a holistic approach to addressing the RAAC crisis, enhancing current efforts to digitalise the surveying and management processes and ensuring safer long-term solutions.
Cited by 1Open access
Supun Jayasinghe, Sithija A. Abeysinghe, H. D. Yapa · Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering · 2022
The geometric reduction prevailing in dapped-end concrete beams forms a disturbed region into the beam-ends. Consequently, material deterioration- and reinforcement-detailing issues prevailing in the end region cause a series of structural distresses. In this light, distresses in dapped-end beams and potential retrofitting options are reviewed in this paper. It is found that the choice of the retrofitting configuration is governed considerably by the prevailing defect. The strength enhancement could be as high as 40%–50% upon the choice of correct configuration whereas possibly be negligible upon inappropriate selection. Generally, the use of diagonal bars and plate jacketing are promising with steel applications. The bars can be prestressed to enhance the retrofitting efficiency. For fibre-reinforced polymer applications, inclined/horizontal stripping and fabric wrapping are impressive approaches, while combined systems show better results. The review also identifies the required future research for formulating comprehensive retrofitting guidelines.
Cited by 3Open access
Pala Gireesh Kumar, Sahitya Yeegalapati · Lecture notes in civil engineering · 2022
Cited by 1
Varum, H., Costa, A., Pinto, A. · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · 2005
Various analysis methods, either linear elastic or non-linear, static or dynamic, are available for the performance analysis of existing buildings. Despite its advantages, it must be admitted that non-linear time history analysis can frequently become overly complex and impractical for general use as a first assessment. Simplified models, as the Capacity Spectrum Method, are frequently not able to accurately assess irregular structures. Considering these limitations, it is proposed and evaluated a simplified MDOF non-linear dynamic model, accounting for non-linear storey behaviour and storey damping. Based on the MDOF non-linear dynamic model, were developed optimization algorithms for the redesign of existing non-seismically designed structures. The optimization procedure searches for the optimum storey strengthening distribution (strength, stiffness or damping) in order to meet specific performance requirements, in terms of maximum inter-storey drift for a given seismic demand level. Numerical examples are presented in order to illustrate the capability of methodology.
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