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About 10,000 papers for “Systematic code”

Towards a systematic approach to manual annotation of code smells

Nikola Luburić, Simona Prokić, Katarina-Glorija Grujić et al. · 2021

<div>Code smells are structures in code that indicate the presence of maintainability issues. A significant problem with code smells is their ambiguity. They are challenging to define, and software engineers have a different understanding of what a code smell is and which code suffers from code smells.</div><div>A solution to this problem could be an AI digital assistant that understands code smells and can detect (and perhaps resolve) them. However, it is challenging to develop such an assistant as there are few usable datasets of code smells on which to train and evaluate it. Furthermore, the existing datasets suffer from issues that mostly arise from an unsystematic approach used for their construction.</div><div>Through this work, we address this issue by developing a procedure for the systematic manual annotation of code smells. We use this procedure to build a dataset of code smells. During this process, we refine the procedure and identify recommendations and pitfalls for its use. The primary contribution is the proposed annotation model and procedure and the annotators’ experience report. The dataset and supporting tool are secondary contributions of our study. Notably, our dataset includes open-source projects written in the C# programming language, while almost all manually annotated datasets contain projects written in Java.</div>

Cited by 12Open access

Static Code Analysis for IoT Security: A Systematic Literature Review

Diego R. Gomes, Eduardo F. Felix, Fernando Lins et al. · ACM Computing Surveys · 2025

The growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has provided significant advances in several areas of the industry, but security concerns have also increased due to this expansion. Many IoT devices are the target of cyber attacks due to various firmware, source code, and software vulnerabilities. In this context, static code analysis, leveraging various techniques, has emerged as an effective approach to examine and identify security vulnerabilities, including insecure functions, buffer overflows, and code injection. However, recent research has shown several challenges associated with this approach, such as limited understanding of vulnerabilities, inadequate threat detection, and insufficient semantic analysis of IoT device source code. Consequently, several IoT security research studies integrate static analysis with other methods, such as dynamic analysis, machine learning, and natural language processing, to enhance vulnerability analysis and detection. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of static analysis in IoT security, this systematic literature review explores existing vulnerabilities, techniques, and methods while highlighting the challenges that hinder the extraction of meaningful insights from such analyses.

Cited by 2Open access

Controlled, systematic, and efficient code replacement for running java programs

Angela Nicoarǎ, Gustavo Alonso, Timothy Roscoe · ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review · 2008

In this paper we present PROSE, a system that performs reversible and systematic changes to running Java applications without requiring them to be shut down. PROSE is motivated by scenarios such as hotfixes, online program instrumentation and debugging, and evolution of critical legacy applications. In PROSE, changes to running applications are performed by replacing method bodies. To select which code to replace, PROSE supports matching based on both type information and regular expressions. New code can invoke the method it replaces, facilitating code evolution. Changes are composable, and may be reordered or selectively withdrawn at any time. Furthermore, the dynamic changes are expressed as Java classes rather than through an additional programming language. We describe the architecture of PROSE, the challenges of using aggressive inlining to achieve performance, and use standard benchmarks to demonstrate code performance comparable with, or better than, compile-time systems from the Aspect-Oriented Programming community.

Cited by 1Open access

Systematic changing and variations of GPS/GLONASS differential code biases

Yury Yasyukevich, A.A. Mylnikova, В. Е. Куницын et al. · 2015

Along with navigation and precise time applications, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are widely used nowadays to remotely sense the ionosphere in equatorial, mid-latitude and arctic regions. While estimating absolute TEC using the code and phase measurements simultaneously, a satellite and receiver dependent systematic error occurs. This error is associated with differential code biases (DCB) - the different, frequency dependent processing times of L1 and L2 signals in RF paths, both for satellites and receivers. Due to these DCBs, TEC, in some cases, can obtain even non-physical negative values. For example, a 1-ns DCB causes a ∼3 TECU error in TEC estimation.

Cited by 2

A systematic literature review on current developments of low code-no code solutions in the IT sector

Firoz Mohammed Ozman · World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences · 2025

The growing scarcity of skilled software developers has prompted organizations to turn to low-code/no-code (LCNC) platforms, which allow non-technical users to develop applications without requiring extensive knowledge of coding. LCNC platforms use AI and ML to automate the development process, thereby encouraging innovation and collaboration between IT and business teams. These platforms offer a plethora of benefits-including reduced times for development with drawbacks like vendor lock-in, higher security risks, and less competence in dealing with complex applications. Such research investigates business process changes facilitated by LCNC platforms in pursuit of filling knowledge gaps regarding the way they support improving organizational performance and leading innovation. A systematic review of the existing literature shows both developing trends and obstacles in the adaptation of LCNC platforms in the IT sector. According to findings, these platforms incorporate the entire process of software development, which makes collaboration better and highly decreases the project timelines for organizations, providing them with a window opportunity to enhance efficiency and innovation in their operations. However, organizations need to address governance, security concerns, and scalability issues for the optimal integration of LCNC. Some practical recommendations are to set up a Center of Excellence (CoE), hybrid development approaches, and workforce training programs. This research enriches both academic and practical knowledge of LCNC technologies, enabling IT professionals and organizations to lead digital transformation and maintain competitive advantage in a dynamic market environment.

Cited by 1Open access

A systematic decision support for companies when choosing between low-code/no-code and traditional development methods

Marie-Therese Uhl · FH JOANNEUM ePUB · 2023

Unternehmen sind mit einem IT-Fachkräftemangel und ansteigender Digitalisierung am Markt konfrontiert. Es müssen Lösungen gefunden werden, um diesen Herausforderungen gerecht werden zu können. Ein möglicher Lösungsansatz ist das Entwickeln von Applikationen mit Low-Code/No-Code (LCNC). Diese Methode zielt auf Personen ohne Programmierkenntnisse ab und erlaubt es somit, Applikationen von Personen entwickeln zu lassen, welche die Anwendung schlussendlich nutzen und dabei keine Erfahrung in der Entwicklung aufweisen. Da jedoch nicht alle Applikationen für einen LCNC-Ansatz geeignet sind, müssen Unternehmen entscheiden können, wann LCNC eine geeignete Alternative darstellt und wann auf herkömmliche Entwicklung zurückgegriffen werden sollte. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist es daher, eine Entscheidungsmatrix mit relevanten Faktoren zu erstellen, welche Unternehmen bei genau dieser Entscheidung unterstützt. Die Erhebung der Faktoren erfolgt im Zuge der genauen Erläuterung von LCNC sowie dessen Vor- und Nachteile. Die Matrix soll es ermöglichen, die Forschungsfrage der Arbeit zu beantworten. Diese lautet „Bei welchen Einsatzgebieten und Situationen kommt ein Low-Code/No-Code-Ansatz infrage und in welchen Fällen sollte auf einen herkömmlichen Entwicklungsansatz zurückgegriffen werden?“ Um die Möglichkeiten von LCNC näher aufzeigen zu können, wird in der Arbeit eine Anbieterfirma als exemplarisches Beispiel näher beschrieben. Hier wird auch auf vorhandene Hilfestellungen eingegangen, welche Personen ohne Vorkenntnisse den Zugang zur Applikationsentwicklung weiter erleichtern sollen. Es handelt sich dabei um Hilfestellungen, welche von künstlicher Intelligenz gestützt sind. Die entstandene Entscheidungsmatrix wird auf ihre Anwendbarkeit geprüft, indem eine bereits entwickelte Applikation mit LCNC nachgebaut wird. Hier wird mittels Checkliste geprüft, ob die eingebundenen Funktionalitäten nachgebaut, nicht nachgebaut, teilweise nachgebaut oder nur unter Inanspruchnahme von externen Tools nachgebaut werden können. Beide Lösungsansätze (LCNC und herkömmliche Entwicklung) werden dann mithilfe der Entscheidungsmatrix bewertet. Die Bewertung beider Ansätze mithilfe der Matrix zeigt, dass LCNC vor allem für zeitkritische, unternehmensinterne Applikationen wie zum Beispiel Prozessautomatisierungen geeignet ist. Bei wachsendem Anwenderkreis und der Anforderung an unternehmensexterne Nutzerinnen und Nutzer, sollte auf herkömmliche Entwicklungsmethoden zurückgegriffen werden.

Cited by 0

Quick Response Code Security Attacks and Countermeasures: A Systematic Literature Review

David Njuguna, John Gichuki Ndia · Journal of Cyber Security · 2025

A quick response code is a barcode that allows users to instantly access information via a digital device. Quick response codes store data as pixels in a square-shaped grid. QR codes are prone to cyber-attacks. This assault e... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on Tech Science Press

Cited by 3Open access

High-rate systematic recursive convolutional encoders: minimal trellis and code search

Isaac Benchimol, Cecílio Pimentel, Richard Demo Souza et al. · Greater South Information System · 2012

Abstract We consider high-rate systematic recursive convolutional encoders to be adopted as constituent encoders in turbo schemes. Douillard and Berrou showed that, despite its complexity, the construction of high-rate turbo codes by means of high-rate constituent encoders is advantageous over the construction based on puncturing rate-1/2 constituent encoders. To reduce the decoding complexity of high-rate codes, we introduce the construction of the minimal trellis for a systematic recursive convolutional encoding matrix. A code search is conducted and examples are provided which indicate that a more finely grained decoding complexity-error performance trade-off is obtained.

Cited by 0Open access